全文获取类型
收费全文 | 29364篇 |
免费 | 2797篇 |
国内免费 | 7007篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 32847篇 |
晶体学 | 412篇 |
力学 | 345篇 |
综合类 | 253篇 |
数学 | 2248篇 |
物理学 | 3063篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 44篇 |
2023年 | 262篇 |
2022年 | 608篇 |
2021年 | 725篇 |
2020年 | 982篇 |
2019年 | 853篇 |
2018年 | 862篇 |
2017年 | 990篇 |
2016年 | 1275篇 |
2015年 | 1281篇 |
2014年 | 1624篇 |
2013年 | 3253篇 |
2012年 | 1847篇 |
2011年 | 1949篇 |
2010年 | 1639篇 |
2009年 | 1905篇 |
2008年 | 1977篇 |
2007年 | 2084篇 |
2006年 | 2089篇 |
2005年 | 1946篇 |
2004年 | 1871篇 |
2003年 | 1594篇 |
2002年 | 1730篇 |
2001年 | 779篇 |
2000年 | 701篇 |
1999年 | 650篇 |
1998年 | 632篇 |
1997年 | 508篇 |
1996年 | 427篇 |
1995年 | 404篇 |
1994年 | 349篇 |
1993年 | 316篇 |
1992年 | 294篇 |
1991年 | 159篇 |
1990年 | 112篇 |
1989年 | 103篇 |
1988年 | 87篇 |
1987年 | 54篇 |
1986年 | 36篇 |
1985年 | 40篇 |
1984年 | 37篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
92.
为改进Fuzzy HX环的结果,使之包含Fuzzy商环,提出了弱Fuzzy HX环的概念,研究了它的性质与结构,并重新讨论了拟Fuzzy商环,证明了在正则条件下拟Fuzzy商环与弱Fuzzy HX环的统一性:同时也得到了一致弱Fuzzy HX环与普通Fuzzy商环的关系。 相似文献
93.
Chuncheng Hao Zuolin Cui Yansheng Yin Zhikun Zhang 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2002,4(1-2):107-110
Nanostructured Fe3Al intermetallic compounds were produced by using hydrogen arc plasma method. The transmission electron microscopy experiments showed that the average particle size of the as-synthesized was about 40-nm. The change in hardness of Fe3Al nanostructured intermetallic compounds with annealing temperatures was observed and evaluated. 相似文献
94.
Mathematical Notes - 相似文献
95.
Backman Ulrika Jokiniemi Jorma K. Auvinen Ari Lehtinen Kari E.J. 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2002,4(4):325-335
We have prepared spherical non-agglomerated silver nanoparticles by an evaporation–condensation–dilution/cooling technique. Silver was evaporated from a crucible in a tubular flow reactor. A porous tube diluter was used to quench the carrier gas at the outlet of the reactor to enhance the formation of small particles and to suppress agglomeration and other particle growth mechanisms. The number size distribution of the prepared particles was measured with a differential mobility analyser–condensation nucleus counter combination and the size and the shape of the particles were analysed with transmission electron microscope. The system was modelled using a sectional aerosol dynamics computer code to estimate the importance of different aerosol processes. In all conditions the particles obtained were non-agglomerated and spherical. The mean particle diameter varied from 4 to 10-nm depending on boundary conditions. From the modelling studies it can be concluded that the nucleation rate is the most important parameter controlling the final particle size. 相似文献
96.
Sungjae In Jongmin Kang 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2006,54(1-2):129-132
Methylene-bridged bis-imidazolium receptor 1 has been synthesized. Anion binding studies carried out using 1H NMR revealed that this compound displayed good affinities for acetate, while binding spherical halide anions weakly. 相似文献
97.
The gene encoding a versatile biocatalyst that shows high enantioselectivity for a variety of ketones, SCR (Saccharomyces cerevisiae carbonyl reductase), has been identified, cloned, and expressed in Escherichia coli. Two types of expression systems with high NADPH-regenerating capacities have been constructed. One is the tandem system, where the genes encoding SCR and GDH (glucose dehydrogenase) are located in the same plasmid, and the other is the two-plasmid system, where each of the SCR and GDH genes is located in separate plasmids that can coexist in one E. coli cell. Asymmetric reduction of ketones with the recombinant E. coli cells gave synthetically useful 20 alcohols, 11 of which were enantiomerically pure. The productivity of one of these products was as high as 41 g/L. 相似文献
98.
Wei‐Ling Wang Jian‐Wei Xu Yee‐Hing Lai 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(13):4154-4164
Bipyridinophane–fluorene conjugated copolymers have been synthesized via Suzuki and Heck coupling reactions from 5,8‐dibromo‐2,11‐dithia[3]paracyclo[3](4,4′)‐2,2′‐bipyridinophane and suitable fluorene precursors. Poly[2,7‐(9,9‐dihexylfluorene)‐co‐alt‐5,8‐(2,11‐dithia[3]paracyclo[3](4,4′)‐2,2′‐bipyridinophane)] ( P7 ) exhibits large absorption and emission redshifts of 20 and 34 nm, respectively, with respect to its planar reference polymer Poly[2,7‐(9,9‐dihexylfluorene)‐co‐alt‐1,4‐(2,5‐dimethylbenzene)] ( P11 ), which bears the same polymer backbone as P7 . These spectral shifts originate from intramolecular aromatic C? H/π interactions, which are evidenced by ultraviolet–visible and 1H NMR spectra as well as X‐ray single‐crystal structural analysis. However, the effect of the intramolecular aromatic C? H/π interactions on the spectral shift in poly[9,9‐dihexylfluorene‐2,7‐yleneethynylene‐co‐alt‐5,8‐(2,11‐dithia[3]paracyclo[3](4,4′)‐2,2′‐bipyridinophane)] ( P10 ) is much weaker. Most interestingly, the quenching behaviors of these two conjugated polymers are largely dependent on the polymer backbone. For example, the fluorescence of P7 is efficiently quenched by Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, and Ag+ ions. In contrast, only Cu2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ ions can partially quench the fluorescence of P10 , but much less efficiently than the fluorescence of P7 . The static Stern–Volmer quenching constants of Cu2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ ions toward P7 are of the order of 106 M?1, being 1300, 2500, and 37,300 times larger than those of P10 , respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 4154–4164, 2006 相似文献
99.
100.
LI Ya-feng~ ** ZHANG Li-mei~ WU Lei-lei~ WANG Sheng-hai~ WANG Hai-lian~ SHANG Xuan-xuan~ . College of Chemistry Molecular Engineering . College of Mathematics Physics Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao P. R. China 《高等学校化学研究》2006,(6)
IntroductionThe interest in polyoxometalates that are widelyused in medical chemistry, catalyst reactions, and ma-terial sciences stems from their complicated aggregatesformed by means of corner-, edge- and face-sha-ring[1—4]. The exploitation of new str… 相似文献