供油量对点接触表面微织构润滑性能的影响

采用球盘接触模型,以入口油层厚度为输入变量,基于统一Reynolds方程法建立润滑分析模型,研究了供油量对点接触表面微织构润滑性能的影响.数值计算结果显示:供油量显著影响接触区油膜厚度;微织构能改善摩擦副的润滑摩擦性能;严重乏油时接触区内微坑会产生气穴现象;瞬态下,微织构在乏油时较充分供油时改善润滑的效果明显.     

Five-parameter crystallographic characteristics of the interfaces formed during ferrite to austenite transformation in a duplex stainless steel

The crystallography of interfaces in a duplex stainless steel having an equiaxed microstructure produced through the ferrite to austenite diffusive phase transformation has been studied. The five-parameter interface character distribution revealed a high anisotropy in habit planes for the austenite–ferrite and austenite–austenite interfaces for different lattice misorientations. The austenite and ferrite habit planes largely terminated on (1 1 1) and (1 1 0) planes, respectively, for the austenite–ferrite interfaces associated with Kurdjumov–Sachs (K–S) and Nishiyama–Wasserman (N–W) orientation relationships. This was mostly attributed to the crystallographic preference associated with the phase transformation. For the austenite–ferrite interfaces with orientation relationships which are neither K–S nor N–W, both austenite and ferrite habit planes had (1 1 1) orientations. Σ3 twin boundaries comprised the majority of austenite–austenite interfaces, mostly showing a pure twist character and terminating on (1 1 1) planes due to the minimum energy configuration. The second highest populated austenite–austenite boundary was Σ9, which tended to have grain boundary planes in the tilt zone due to the geometrical constraints. Furthermore, the intervariant crystallographic plane distribution associated with the K–S orientation relationship displayed a general tendency for the austenite habit planes to terminate with the (1 1 1) orientation, mainly due to the crystallographic preference associated with the phase transformation.     

一种基于速度强度熵VMME与纹理特征的人群异常检测算法

人群异常事件检测是智能视频监控领域的重要研究内容, 文章提出了一种融合速度强度熵VMME与纹理特征的人群异常行为检测算法. 该算法采用LBPCM算法提取图像纹理特征, 在视频帧计算光流基础上, 获得特征点速度强度图, 并以其熵VMME作为场景运动特征, 将场景纹理特征和运动特征送入支持向量机训练分类. 实验表明, 新算法可实现对人群异常行为的检测, 且有较高准确率.     

Formation of Ring-Banded Spherulites of Poly (L-lactide) in its Miscible Mixture with an Ionic Liquid

Incorporation of an ionic liquid, nonvolatile and thermally stable, promoted formation of ring-banded spherulites in poly (l-lactide) (PLLA) during its sol–gel transition. Their formation is correlated with low viscosity and insignificant chain entanglements in the mixtures induced by the ionic liquid. In addition to a driving force for lamellar twisting that depended on the crystallization temperatures, it is believed that reduced lamellar twisting resistance caused by the ionic liquid plays a vital role in the formation of the ring-banded spherulites of PLLA from the mixtures. This study gives further insights into the structural formation of PLLA during a sol–gel transition, which could open new opportunities to tailor the properties of ion gels based on PLLA.     

Au纳米颗粒作用下的仿生纳米通道

在自然界的生物体系中,各种各样的离子通道对物质交换、能量输运等生理过程起着重要作用.用人工制备的仿生纳米器件模仿生物孔道的离子输运性质是一项非常具有挑战性的课题.通过在对称柱形聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）聚合物孔道中引入非对称结构,获得了一种具有高整流比的人工纳米孔道体系.通过带正电荷的2-十一烷基-1-二硫脲乙基咪唑啉季铵盐（SUDEI）在柱形纳米孔道的单面吸附,使体系具有了非对称的电荷分布和几何结构,从而具有非线性的离子输运性质,表现出较好的门控性能.Au纳米颗粒可以与SUDEI以Au-S键稳定结合,有效地减小柱孔一端的孔径,进一步提高体系的门控比,且该纳米通道体系非对称响应离子输运有很好的稳定性.     

The ground states and pseudospin textures of rotating two-component Bose–Einstein condensates trapped in harmonic plus quartic potential

The ground states of two-component miscible Bose–Einstein condensates(BECs) confined in a rotating annular trap are obtained by using the Thomas–Fermi(TF) approximation method.The ground state density distribution of the condensates experiences a transition from a disc shape to an annulus shape either when the angular frequency increases and the width and the center height of the trap are fixed,or when the width and the center height of the trap increase and the angular frequency is fixed.Meantime the numerical solutions of the ground states of the trapped two-component miscible BECs with the same condition are obtained by using imaginary-time propagation method.They are in good agreement with the solutions obtained by the TF approximation method.The ground states of the trapped two-component immiscible BECs are also given by using the imaginary-time propagation method.Furthermore,by introducing a normalized complex-valued spinor,three kinds of pseudospin textures of the BECs,i.e.,giant skyrmion,coaxial double-annulus skyrmion,and coaxial three-annulus skyrmion,are found.     

基于GPU加速的几何纹理合成方法

提出了一种基于GPU加速的几何纹理合成方法,以解决几何纹理合成过程中高计算量、高存储占用和高耗时等问题.首先,对样本几何纹理数据进行子块划分,并根据子块在样本中的位置关系设计可重用样本顶点数据的数据结构,优化存储以降低内存的占用率;然后,采用GPU多线程并发技术设计并行加速算法,将串行的几何纹理合成过程并行化,从而实现快速生成任意尺寸的新的几何纹理.实验结果表明,该算法不仅占用存储较少,而且在保证合成质量的同时极大地降低了几何纹理的合成耗时.     

Colouration mechanism of underglaze copper‐red decoration porcelain (AD 13th–14th century), China

Underglaze copper‐red decoration, i.e. the copper colourant used to paint diversified patterns on the surface of a body and then covered by transparent glaze and fired at high temperature in a reductive firing environment, is famous all over the world. However, the red colouration mechanism generated by underglaze copper remains unclear. In particular, the fact that the edges of the red patterns are orange has been ignored in previous research. Here, non‐destructive analysis has been carried out on a precious fragment of early underglaze red porcelain using synchrotron radiation X‐ray fluorescence, X‐ray absorption near‐edge spectroscopy (XANES) and reflection spectrometry techniques. The results suggest that the copper content in the red region is higher than that in the orange region, and other colour generation elements do not have obvious content difference, indicating that the colour generation effect of the underglaze red product is related to the copper content. XANES analysis shows that the valence states of copper in the red and orange regions are similar and metal copper contributes to their hues. The results of reflection spectrometry demonstrate that tiny orange hues could be attributed to the Mie scatting effect. Therefore, light‐scattering effects should be considered when researching the colouration mechanism of underglaze red.     

激光表面织构对不同材料干摩擦特性的影响

采用环-块线接触摩擦磨损试验,研究了经激光处理后不同织构面密度的45钢和12Cr凹坑形织构试件的干摩擦磨损特性.借助高精度天平分析了试件磨损量,采用三维形貌仪和扫描电镜对试件表面形貌进行了分析.研究结果表明:激光表面织构化使得45钢试件表面形成可以改善摩擦性能的高硬度质点;在相同试验条件下,与无织构试件相比,45钢织构环试件磨损量明显降低,而12Cr织构环试件磨损量却有所升高;织构试件的磨损量在一定范围内随着织构面密度的增加而降低;激光织构化对摩擦系数的稳定值影响不大.     

Structure and magnetic properties of γ′-Fe4N films grown on MgO-buffered Si (0 0 1)

γ′-Fe₄N thin films were grown on MgO-buffered Si (1 0 0) by pulsed laser deposition technique. Different crystallographic orientations and in-plane magnetic anisotropies were achieved by varying the growth temperature of the MgO buffer layer. When the MgO buffer layer was grown at room temperature, the γ′-Fe₄N film shows isotropic in-plane magnetic properties without obvious texture; while in-plane magnetic anisotropy was recorded for the γ′-Fe₄N films deposited on a 600 °C-grown-MgO buffer due to the formation of a (1 0 0)-oriented biaxial texture. Such a difference in in-plane magnetic anisotropy is attributed to the epitaxial growth of γ′-Fe₄N film on an MgO buffer with relaxed strain when the MgO layer was grown at a high temperature of 600 °C.