低覆盖度的Au/GaN(0001)界面的同步辐射研究

利用同步辐射光电子能谱研究了低覆盖度Au在GaN(0001)表面的初始生长模式,肖特基势垒高 度以及界面的电子结构.结果表明，Au沉积初始阶段有界面的化学反应,随后呈三维岛状生长 .由光电子能谱实验确定的肖特基势垒高度为14 eV. 通过对界面价带谱和Au 4f芯能级谱 的分析,确定了界面化学反应的存在.利用线性缀加平面波方法计算了GaN(0001)和Au的价带 态密度并分析了化学反应产生的机理,认为在初始阶段界面形成了Au_Ga合金. 关键词： 同步辐射 光电子能谱 Au/GaN欧姆接触 态密度     

Size and Shape Effect of Gold Nanoparticles in “Far‐Field” Surface Plasmon Resonance

The “far‐field” surface plasmon resonance (FSPR) of metal nanoparticles, which have built a facile way to emission enhancement of red, green, blue, and white with nice reproducibility, has big potential application in solution‐processed organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). According to the theory of the “far‐field” effect, the reflectivity of the metal surface and the phase shift at the reflection play an important role in enhancing ratio, which strongly relate to the size and shape of nanoparticles. In this work, gold nanospheres with different sizes and nanorods are synthesized in order to determine the size and shape effect of FSPR. The results demonstrate that the one with higher reflectivity in a certain range induces a better emission enhancement in the luminous efficiency and the maximum brightness. The nanoparticles with bigger sizes and shape of rods have higher reflectivity, which is consistent with the simulation based on FSPR effect. The phase shifts of different nanoparticles are optimized by the distance between gold nanoparticles and emitters. The metal NPs with a high reflectivity and the applicable phase shift will have big potential for the emission enhancement in OLEDs.     

自支撑透射光栅的设计、制作和测试

采用标量衍射理论和严格耦合波理论分别计算和讨论了金自支撑透射光栅的衍射效率随波长和光栅周期变化的情况并设计了光栅的结构参数.制作了周期为300 nm、线宽/周期比为055、厚度为200 nm、总面积为1 mm×1 mm、有效面积比为65%的金自支撑透射光栅.在国家同步辐射实验室检测了该光栅在55—38 nm波长范围内的绝对衍射效率.检测结果表明所制作的光栅在8 nm附近具有接近10%的最大衍射效率,并且该光栅对于波长15—35 nm范围内的极紫外波段具有基本稳定的衍射效率. 关键词： 自支撑透射光栅 电子束光刻 电镀     

Pd/Au纳米结构制备和粒子组分自旋的谱学性能研究

为研究Pd/Au纳米结构制备和电催化性能、控制粒子大小组分和自旋,用油浴热分解方法制备了核/壳纳米结构Pd/Au双金属合金纳米颗粒,采用PVP和多元醇作表面活性剂和稳定剂,依据溶液浓度、颗粒大小、吸附能控制晶相获得了均匀、一致的2层和3层Pd/Au纳米样品,并采用HAADF和HRTEM测试了纳米结构尺寸形貌,用EDS测试了成分分布,试验产物用TEM/XRD进行了表征,结果表明,Pd/Au具有面心立方八面体结构,与Au/Pd核壳不同,纳米Pd/Au具有活性、耐久性、电催化性和稳定性。     

Auq+(q=53-47)激光等离子体的辐射复合速率系数

辐射复合过程在超组态碰撞辐射(SCROLL)模型中真实模拟非局域热动力学平衡(non-LTE)高Z材料Au激光等离子体M带谱5f-3d跃迁中各种复杂离子的电离态特性是一个主要过程.基于准相对论多组态Hartree-Fock理论和扭曲波近似,采用组态平均的方法,从头计算了金M带类铁金离子-类锗金离子的辐射复合速率系数,计算过程中包含了大量的单激发和双激发态,结果表明高Z元素由于自电离能级的广泛分布和复杂的级联效应,致使高Z元素的辐射复合系数不同于低Z元素的,其计算结果可用来模拟Au的激光等离子体M带5f-3d跃迁的平均电离度和电荷态分布及能级布居数.     

贵金属纳米结构为敏感层的锥形光纤探针及其SERS活性

表面等离激元纳米结构与便携式光纤拉曼系统相结合,在液体样品和生物活体组织的快速、实时监测上有较好的应用前景。其核心技术是将具有表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)活性的贵金属纳米结构耦合到光纤探针表面。本文基于共价键结合原理,将3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷通过与锥形光纤探针表面的硅羟基形成共价键修饰在光纤上;同时,硅烷偶联剂末端的巯基与金或银纳米结构形成Au-S或Ag-S共价键,将金纳米粒子和银纳米立方体牢牢吸附到光纤探针表面。这种SERS光纤探针具有很高的稳定性(SERS信号相对标准偏差低于3%),对农残甲基对硫磷的敏感度达到10纳摩尔,对污染物的远程、便携式在线检测具有重要意义。     

Ultrathin silver‐coated gold nanoparticles as suitable substrate for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an extremely powerful tool for the analysis of the composition of bimetallic nanoparticle (BNP) surfaces because of the different adsorption schemes adopted by several molecules on different metals, such as Au and Ag. The preparation of BNPs normally implies a change in the plasmonic properties of the core metal. However, for technological applications it could be interesting to synthesize core–shell structures preserving these original plasmonic properties. In this work, we present a facile method for coating colloidal gold nanoparticles (NPs) in solution with a very thin shell of silver. The resulting bimetallic Au@Ag system maintains the optical properties of gold but shows the chemical surface affinity of silver. The effectiveness of the coating method, as well as the progressive silver enrichment of the outermost part of the Au NPs, has been monitored through the SERS spectra of several species (chloride, luteolin, thiophenol and lucigenin), which show different behaviors on gold and silver surfaces. A growth mechanism of the Ag shell is proposed on the basis of the spectroscopic and microscopic data consisting in the formation and deposit of Ag clusters on the Au NP surface. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

空心微球结构Au/Ag合金泡沫块体的制备

将平均晶粒尺寸为4.6 nm的金粒子通过静电作用粘附于聚苯乙烯（PS）微球表面用于化学镀,化学镀金后PS表面的金沉积层几乎达到完全包覆,厚度70~90 nm;在Au/PS表面进行化学镀银,沉积的银颗粒堆积紧密,颗粒大小较先前沉积的金颗粒大,镀覆层厚度增厚至200~400 nm;模板去除后,获得了完全自支撑的Au40Ag60空心微球结构的圆柱状泡沫材料。制备的金银合金泡沫由直径约10 m的空心球壳组成,圆柱体直径约5 mm,密度约1.2 g/cm3。     

Spectrophotometric and physicochemical investigations of Congo,alizarin red dyes and BSA interactions with Au,Ag and Au/Ag mix nanoparticles,and their antimicrobial activities

Individual and mix metal nanoparticles of Ag and Au have been prepared by the reducing method where citrate was used as reducing/stabilizing agent. The prepared NPs were characterized with UV/Visible and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) tools. The characteristic peak in UV/Visible at 525, 444 and 531 nm for Au, Ag and Ag/Au mix NPs respectively, gave primary confirmation of prepared NPs. TEM analysis showed the size of nanoparticles as 44.04, 19.78 and 30.93 nm for Ag, Au and Ag/Au mix NPs respectively. Congo and alizarin red dye interactions studies have been performed with prepared NPs to see the removal of the pollutants from water. Congo dye has shown weaker interaction as compared to alizarin due to structural symmetry. Amongst all, the AgNPs have shown maximum 67% and 75% interactions with Congo red and alizarin respectively due to high negative charges on the surface. The Au, Ag and Au/Ag mix NPs have shown stronger interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein up to 51, 59, 55% respectively, estimated through UV/Vis and physicochemical analysis. The biological evaluations of the prepared NPs have shown their antibacterial activity against Gram + ve and –ve species showing up to 9 cm zone of inhibition. The BSA interaction and antibacterial activity of NPs reveal the importance of NPs in medicinal field.     

A Highly Sensitive and Selective Label-free Electrochemical Biosensor with a Wide Range of Applications for Bisphenol A Detection

A label-free DNA-based electrochemical biosensor owning high sensitivity and selectivity has been established for detecting bisphenol A in a wide range of applications. Coupling the high electrochemical performance of graphene oxide-thionine-Au nanomaterial with the specific binding capacity of the aptamers to BPA, the monitoring of trace amount of BPA was realized, the detection limit was 3.3 pg ⋅ mL⁻¹ with strong anti-interference. Besides, using molecular docking, it was found that BPA binds to the bases DC-49, DC-51, DG-52, DG-53 and DA-63 on the aptamer via hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions. Finally, the biosensor had been successfully applied in different real samples.