一株红树内生真菌Penicillium sp.(ZZF29#)次级代谢产物分离与鉴定

研究了一株药用红树内生真菌Penicillium sp.(ZZF29#)的次级代谢产物。用硅胶柱层析、制备薄层层析和重结晶等方法,从该菌发酵液的乙酸乙酯相中分离获得8种单体化合物,运用现代波谱技术并与文献数据对照,鉴定其结构分别为:环(苯丙-丙)二肽(1)、环(苯丙-甘)二肽(2)、环(苯丙-苯丙)二肽(3)、环(苯丙-酪)二肽(4)、大黄素(5)、大黄素甲醚(6)、麦角甾醇(7)和过氧化麦角甾醇(8)。     

A New Perylenequinone from Hypomyces sp.

Some metabolites of fungi and plants containing perylenequinones have been used as folk medicine for the treatment of many diseases1,2. A filamentous fungus, Ascomy-cetes Hypocreaceae Hypomyces (Fr.) Tul. sp., was found from the northwestern mountains of Yunnan Province, and cultured successfully in the laboratory. A new perylenequinone, named hypomycin A (1), was isolated from its mycelia. In this paper the structure elucidation of 1 was described. Figure 1 The structure of compound 1 Fig…     

通过C(sp3)-H键活化构建C-P键合成氨基膦酸酯类化合物

氨基膦酸酯及其衍生物是一种重要的有机化合物,因其具有抗菌、抗真菌、酶抑制剂和催化抗体活性而广泛应于药物化学和农业化学。通过C(sp3)-H键活化构建C-P键的方法是合成氨基膦酸酯衍生物重要方法之一。本文以过渡金属体系和非金属体系进行分类,介绍了近年来通过C(sp3)-H键活化方法构建C-P键合成氨基膦酸酯类化合物的研究进展。     

孤对电子与赤道取向——sp3d杂化轨道中电子对排列的一种有趣现象

揭示了一种有趣的分子结构现象：在ABn型多原子分子或离子结构中,若中心原子A的轨道杂化方式为sp3d,且价层有孤电子对时,孤电子对总是呈三角双锥的赤道取向;若分子中A、B原子间有重键时,B原子也总是呈赤道取向。探讨了这一现象的内在原因,并通过归纳法论证了这一规律。     

Evaluation of Phoma sp. Biomass as an Endophytic Fungus for Synthesis of Extracellular Gold Nanoparticles with Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties

The aim of our study was to examine the different concentrations of AuNPs as a new antimicrobial substance to control the pathogenic activity. The extracellular synthesis of AuNPs performed by using Phoma sp. as an endophytic fungus. Endophytic fungus was isolated from vascular tissue of peach trees (Prunus persica) from Baft, located in Kerman province, Iran. The UltraViolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV–Vis spectroscopy) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy provided the absorbance peak at 526 nm, while the X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy images released the formation of spherical AuNPs with sizes in the range of 10–100 nm. The findings of inhibition zone test of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) showed a desirable antifungal and antibacterial activity against phytopathogens including Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA (AG1-IA has been identified as the dominant anastomosis group) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The highest inhibition level against sclerotia formation was 93% for AuNPs at a concentration of 80 μg/mL. Application of endophytic fungus biomass for synthesis of AuNPs is relatively inexpensive, single step and environmentally friendly. In vitro study of the antifungal activity of AuNPs at concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/mL was conducted against rice fungal pathogen R. solani to reduce sclerotia formation. The experimental data revealed that the Inhibition rate (RH) for sclerotia formation was (15, 33, 74 and 93%), respectively, for their corresponding AuNPs concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/mL). Our findings obviously indicated that the RH strongly depend on AuNPs rates, and enhance upon an increase in AuNPs rates. The application of endophytic fungi biomass for green synthesis is our future goal.     

He-Ne激光在异种间原生质体融合中的应用

用632.8nm 12mW的氦氖激光及聚乙二醇（PEG）复合诱导融合枯草芽孢杆菌与黑曲霉原生质体.为了提高枯草芽孢杆菌的糖化酶产酶能力,对两亲本在融合中采用不同的激光照射时间,选育出的融合子与枯草芽孢杆菌亲本相比,糖化酶酶活提高了2倍,并通过酯酶同工酶谱分析对融合子进行了鉴定,结果表明:融合子遗传性状与亲本相比发生了显著变化,通过传代培养,融合子具有良好的遗传稳定性.     

基于石英增强光声光谱的HCl痕量气体高灵敏度探测研究

HCl是一种有毒有害气体,对其高灵敏度探测具有非常重要的意义,然而到目前为止,采用激光光谱的手段对其探测的研究报道很少。石英增强光声光谱(QEPAS)是近年来发展起来的一种痕量气体探测技术,具有系统体积小、价格低廉、探测灵敏度高等优点。以5 000 ppm HCl∶N₂混合气作为待测目标,采用输出波长为1 742.38 nm的分布反馈连续波单纵模半导体激光器,开展对基于QEPAS技术的HCl高灵敏度探测研究。为了提高信噪比和简化数据处理过程,QEPAS传感器系统采用波长调制和2次谐波探测技术。研究中,首先对声波探测系统中微共振腔强声波增强特性进行了讨论,选择了“共轴”形式的声波微共振腔,并对其尺寸进行了优化,选择的微共振管长度为4 mm、内径为0.5 mm。实验中研究了激光波长调制深度对QEPAS系统产生的信号幅度的影响,当QEPAS系统积分时间为1 s、激光波长调制深度为0.23 cm-1时,获得了815 ppb的优异检测极限,归一化噪声等效吸收系数为7.41×10-9 cm-1·W·Hz-1/2。在后续的实验中,可在待测HCl气体中加入水汽分子,提高HCl分子的热弛豫速率,进一步提高HCl-QEPAS传感器系统的信号强度。     

sp3sTight-binding parameters for transport simulations in compound semiconductors

A genetic algorithm approach is used to fit orbital interaction energies of sp3s* tight-binding models for the nine binary compound semiconductors consistent of Ga, Al, In and As, P, Sb at room temperature. The new parameters are optimized to reproduce the bandstructure relevant to carrier transport in the lowest conduction band and the highest three valence bands. The accuracy of the other bands is sacrificed for the better reproduction of the effective masses in the bands of interest. Relevant band edges are reproduced to within a few meV and the effective masses deviate from the experimental values typically by less than 10%.     

He-Ne激光诱变黑曲霉Sx的原生质体

对生淀粉糖化菌黑曲霉Sx用混和酶制取原生质体进行了探索.在GM培养基中加入一定量的Cu²⁺、Mn²⁺,原生质体产量较高;采用pH4～5的蜗牛酶、纤维素酶、溶菌酶的混合酶,最佳浓度比为:1.5:3.5:1.5(mg/mL).取在GM培养基中培养17～18h的菌丝,在32℃酶解3h,原生质体产量最高,达到2.4×10⁵个/mL;在加入β-巯基乙醇及二硫苏糖醇处理菌丝时,原生质体产量提高近3倍.在再生培养基中,加入终浓度为30mmol/LMgSO₄时,原生质体再生率由16.7%提高到25.6%.用He-Ne激光照射原生质体时,功率9mW照射30min时致死率为50%,随着时间的延长,原生质体存活率降低.采用波长632.5nm、功率9mW、光斑直径5mm的He-Ne激光多次照射诱变,筛选出一株酶活力最高菌株黑曲霉Sy,活力提高51%,经连续传代5次,酶活力稳定.     

Au/(SiO2/Si/SiO2)纳米双势垒/n+-Si结构的电致发光研究

利用射频磁控溅射方法,在n⁺-Si衬底上淀积SiO₂/Si/SiO_{2纳米双势垒单势阱结构,其中Si层厚度为2至4nm,间隔为0.2nm,邻近n⁺-S i衬底的SiO2层厚度固定为1.5nm,另一SiO2层厚度固定为3nm.为了 对比研究,还制备了Si层厚度为零的结构,即SiO2(4.5nm)/n⁺-Si 结构.在经过600℃氮气下退火30min,正面蒸上半透明Au膜,背面也蒸Au作欧姆接触后,所 有样品都在反向偏置(n^＋-Si的电压高于Au电极的电压)下发光,而在正向偏压 下不发光.在一定的反向偏置下,电流和电致发光强度都随Si层厚度的增加而同步振荡,位 相相同.所有样品的电致发光谱都可分解为相对高度不等的中心位于2.26eV(550nm)和1.85eV (670nm)两个高斯型发光峰.分析指出该结构电致发光的机制是：反向偏压下的强电场使Au/( SiO2/Si/SiO2)纳米双势垒/n⁺-Si结构发生了雪崩击穿 ,产生大量的电子-空穴对,它们在纳米SiO2层中的发光中心(缺陷或杂质)上复 合而发光. 关键词： 电致发光 纳米双势垒 高斯型发光峰 雪崩击穿}