影响胰岛素荧光光谱的几个物理因素的测定和分析

胰岛素是调节细胞代谢或生长的重要因子,也是多种细胞体外培养的促生长因子。本文通过荧光光谱,测定和分析了电场、浓度等物理因素对胰岛素荧光光谱的影响。证明电场、浓度和温度都能影响胰岛素荧光光谱,从而影响胰岛素多聚体的构象,并可能影响其功能。     

Structural,optical and photocatalytic properties of (Mg,Al)-codoped ZnO powders prepared by sol–gel method

Structural and optical properties of 1 at % Al-doped Zn_1−xMg_xO (x=0–8%) powders prepared by sol–gel method were systematically investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible absorbance measurement, photoluminescence and Raman scattering spectra. All the powders retained the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO. The band gap and near band emission energies determined from absorbance and photoluminescence spectra increased linearly with increasing Mg content, respectively, which implied that the Mg worked effectively on ZnO band gap engineering, irrespective of Al codoping. However, according to the PL and Raman scattering studies, for the sample of x=8%, the Al doping efficiency was decreased by higher Mg codoping. On the other hand, the effect of Mg codoping on photocatalytic degradation of methylene orange was explored experimentally. The substitution of Mg ions at Zn sites shifted the conduction band toward higher energies and then enhanced the photocatalytic activity, while the incorporation of interstitial Mg ions and decreased Al doping efficiency for higher Mg doping sample (x=8%) reduced the photocatalytic activity.     

Pretreatment of garlic powder using sweep frequency ultrasound and single frequency countercurrent ultrasound: Optimization and comparison for ACE inhibitory activities

The sweep frequency ultrasound (SFU) and single frequency countercurrent ultrasound (SFCU) pretreatments were modeled and compared based on production of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from garlic hydrolysates. Two mathematical models were developed to show the effect of each variable and their combinatorial interactions on ACE inhibitory activity. The optimum levels of the parameters in SFU were determined using uniform design, which revealed these as follows: total ultrasonic time 1.5 h, on-time of pulse 18 s and off-time of pulse 3 s. Under optimized conditions, the experimental values of SFU and SFCU were 65.88% and 67.78%, which agreed closely with the predicted values of 63.44% and 67.33%. The SFU and SFCU pretreatments both resulted in higher ACE inhibitory activity compared with untreated garlic (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the ACE inhibitory activities and IC₅₀ values obtained from SFCU and SFU pretreatments under optimum conditions (p > 0.05).     

Decoquinate derivatives: A new class of potent antischistosomal agents against Schistosoma japonicum

Decoquinate (1), an old and inexpensive coccidiostat, exhibited potent antimalarial activity, however, its antischistosomal activity against Schistosoma japonicum has not yet been evaluated. Based on decoquinate, a series of decoquinate derivatives was designed, synthesized, evaluated as a new class of antischistosomal agents against S. japonicum adult worms in vitro. Among them, compound 15 killed 100% of adult S. japonicum in 72 h at the concentration of 10 μmol/L in vitro, exhibited stronger wormkilling activity than PZQ in vitro and could serve as a promising lead compound to develop new antischistosomal agents.     

手性负折射率材料的最新进展

阐述了手性负折射率现象的产生机制;总结了近几年国内外手性负折射率材料在仿真模拟和实验制备方面的研究进展;分析了手性负折射率材料的旋光性、手性参数、损耗等;介绍了手性负折射率材料在各个领域的应用。分析认为,探索手性负折射率材料的新机制、新方法和新材料,从而在可见光波段实现负折射率是未来手性负折射率材料的重要发展方向之一。     

High pressure and thermal pasteurization effects on sweet cherry juice microbiological stability and physicochemical properties

This study evaluated high pressure processing (P1 – 400?MPa/5?min; P2 – 550?MPa/2?min) and thermal pasteurization (TP – 70°C/30?s) effects on sweet cherry juice's microbiological and physicochemical parameters, during four weeks of refrigerated storage. All treatments reduced the microbiological load to undetectable levels not affecting total soluble solids and titratable acidity. The pH increased with all treatments, however, it decreased during storage. Phenols were differently affected: TP increased them by 6%, P1 had no effect while P2 decreased them by 11%. During storage, phenols in control and TP samples decreased by 26% and 20%, P1 samples decreased them by 11% whereas P2 showed no variation. TP had no effect on anthocyanins, while pressure treatments increased them by 8%. Anthocyanins decreased during storage, particularly in the control and P1 (decreasing 41%). All treatments had no effect on antioxidant activity until the 14th day, thereafter high pressure processing samples showed the highest antioxidant activity.     

~1H NMR确证6-氟-5(或7)-氯-3-苯基-4-(1H)-喹啉酮衍生物的结构

作者合成了６氟３（取代）苯基４（１Ｈ）喹啉酮的５氯衍生物与７氯衍生物，二者极性差异小，难于分离，以混合物形式存在．所合成的化合物均未见文献报道，本文通过１ＨＮＭＲ上的化学位移、积分面积以及偶合常数确证了混合物中两组份的结构．     

铝酸盐水泥矿物结构与性能的量子化学计算研究

用量子化学的电荷自洽离散变分Xα(SCC-DV-Xα)计算方法研究了CaO-Al₂O₃系统五种水泥矿物的结构、性能与化学键之间的关系及固溶的杂质离子Na⁺对矿物性能的影响。计算结果表明:Ca-O共价键强度的次序是C₃A < C₁₂A₇ < CA < CA₂ < CA₆,且各矿物的Ca-O键强度都小于它们的Al-O键强度,与相应的水泥矿物水化活性的实验结果一致。Na⁺固溶于C₃A结构后使其Al-O键增强,水化活化能变大,态密度减小,被认为是Na⁺降低C₃A水化活性的主要原因。     

硫和银共掺杂介孔TiO2的制备、表征及其对染料的光催化降解活性

以P123为模板,以钛酸四正丁酯、硝酸银和硫脲为原料采用模板法制备了一系列硫和银共掺杂介孔TiO₂光催化材料．利用SEM、XRD、BET和紫外-可见光谱等技术对其形貌、晶体结构及表面结构、光吸收特性等进行了表征．以甲基橙溶液的光催化降解为模型反应,考察了不同掺杂量的样品在紫外和可见光下的光催化性能．结果表明,用模板法制备的共掺杂介孔TiO₂光催化材料在紫外和可见光条件下较纯介孔TiO₂和单掺杂介孔TiO₂对甲基橙溶液具有更好的光催化降解效果, 且硫和银的掺杂量及样品焙烧温度显著影响该材料的催化性能．当硫掺杂量为2mol%和银掺杂量为1mol%,在500 oC 焙烧2 h所得光催化材料的催化性能最佳,4 h即可使甲基橙的降解率达98.8%,重复使用4次仍可使甲基橙的降解率保持在87.5%以上     

N型局部有源忆阻器的神经形态行为

局部有源忆阻器(locally-active memristor,LAM)凭借其高集成度、低功耗和局部有源特性等优点,在神经形态计算领域显示出巨大的潜力.本文提出了一种简单的N型LAM数学模型,通过揭示其非线性动力特性,设计了N型LAM神经元电路.采用Hopf分岔、数值分析等方法定量研究了该电路的动力学行为,成功模拟了多种神经形态行为,包括全或无行为、尖峰、簇发、周期振荡等.并利用该神经元电路结构模拟了生物触觉神经元的频率特性.仿真结果表明:当输入信号幅值低于阈值时,神经元电路输出信号的振荡频率与输入信号强度呈正相关(即兴奋状态),并在阈值处达到最大值.随后,继续增大激励强度,振荡频率则逐渐降低(即保护性抑制状态).最后,设计了N型LAM硬件仿真器,并完成了人工神经元电路的硬件实现,实验结果与仿真结果、理论分析相一致,验证了该N型LAM具备的神经形态行为.