颗粒增强复合材料电导性能研究

将弹性理论中的变换场概念引入电磁学领域,并从第一性原理出发,通过拟合颗粒的边界条件和Fourier分析,建立了确定颗粒增强复合材料内电场的积分方程,在此基础上对其电导率做了研究,其理论结果与实验结果比较吻合。该方法不再受颗粒形状及体系结构的限制,为研究复合材料的电导性能开辟了新途径。     

Mixed integer programming for scheduling flexible flow lines with limited intermediate buffers

This paper presents new mixed integer programming formulations for scheduling of a flexible flow line with blocking. The flexible flow line consists of several processing stages in series, separated by finite intermediate buffers, where each stage has one or more identical parallel machines. The line produces several different product types and each product must be processed by, at most, one machine in each stage. A product which has completed processing on a machine may remain there and block the machine until a downstream machine becomes available for processing. The objective is to determine a production schedule for all products so as to complete the products in a minimum time. The basic mixed integer programming formulations have been enhanced to model blocking scheduling with alternative processing routes where for each product a set of routes is available for processing. A reentrant flow line where a product visits a set of stages more than once is also considered. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate applications of the various models proposed.     

Free Metal Ion Depletion by Good's Buffers. IV. Bicine 1:1 and 2:1 Complexes with Mg(II), Ca(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)

Abstract

The interaction of “Good's” buffers with a variety of metal ions has been assessed.     

多股螺旋弹簧扭动微动磨损机理研究

基于多股螺旋弹簧工作过程中钢丝表面发生的扭动微动磨损,建立了多股簧受冲击载荷时,各股钢丝间法向接触力及角位移值的数学模型;通过数学模型所得到的试验参数,在新型试验装置上真实模拟了多股簧工作过程中钢丝间发生的柱-柱接触扭动微动;研究了多股簧钢丝在扭动微动条件下的运行行为和损伤机理.结果表明：钢丝间法向接触力大小、角位移幅值及循环次数对扭动微动行为影响很大;扭动微动T-θ曲线在平行四边形状、椭圆状和直线状3种基本类型之间转变;损伤在部分滑移区较轻微,其磨损主要表现为磨粒磨损和轻微氧化磨损;对于混合区和滑移区,损伤加剧,磨痕表面有明显的塑性变形,损伤机制主要为磨粒磨损、氧化磨损和剥层.     

The optimal runner on the royal road

Assuming a simple biophysical model and using the Carathéodory method, we find the optimal strategy to run or swim a race.     

Perceived Pitch of Synthesized Voice with Alternate Cycles

Both in normal speech voice and in some types of pathological voice, adjacent vocal cycles may alternate in amplitude or period, or both. When this occurs, the determination of voice fundamental frequency (defined as number of vocal cycles per second) becomes difficult. The present study attempts to address this issue by investigating how human listeners perceive the pitch of alternate cycles. As stimuli, vowels /a/ and /i/ were synthesized with fundamental frequencies at 140 Hz and 220 Hz, and the effect of alternate cycles was simulated with both amplitude- and frequency-modulation of the glottal volume velocity waveform. Subjects were asked to judge the pitch of the modulated vowels in reference to vowels without modulation. The results showed that (a) perceived pitch became lower as the amount of modulation increased, and the effect seems to be more dramatic than would be predicted by existing hypotheses, (b) perceived pitch differed across vowels, fundamental frequencies, and modulation types, that is, amplitude versus frequency modulation, and (c) the prediction of perceived pitch was best made in the frequency domain in terms of subharmonic-to-harmonic ratio. These findings provide useful information on how we should assess the pitch of alternate cycles. They may also be helpful in developing more robust pitch determination algorithms.     

Bounding blocking probabilities and throughput in queueing networks with buffer capacity constraints

We propose a new technique for upper and lower bounding of the throughput and blocking probabilities in queueing networks with buffer capacity constraints, i.e., some buffers in the network have finite capacity. By studying the evolution of multinomials of the state of the system in its assumed steady state, we obtain constraints on the possible behavior of the system. Using these constraints, we obtain linear programs whose values upper and lower bound the performance measures of interest, namely throughputs or blocking probabilities. The main advantages of this new technique are that the computational complexity does not increase with the size of the finite buffers and that the technique is applicable to systems in which some buffers have infinite capacity. The technique is demonstrated on examples taken from both manufacturing systems and communication networks. As a special case, for the M/M/s/s queue, we establish the asymptotic exactness of the bounds, i.e., that the bounds on the blocking probability asymptotically approach the exact value as the degree of the multinomials considered is increased to infinity. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

交叉采样及其FFT技术

在只有单路模数变换器时,接收系统正交双通道采用交叉采样的方式采集数据.由于每个数据点其实部和虚部非同一时间获得,交叉采样的数据直接FFT时,其频谱将出现伪影.本文提出一种克服伪影的Imagford算法并用于自制的核磁共振成象系统中.     

Black the libertarian

The most serious challenge to Frankfurt-type counterexamples to the Principle of Alternate Possibilities (PAP) comes in the form of a dilemma: either the counterexample presupposes determinism, in which case it begs the question; or it does not presuppose determinism, in which case it fails to deliver on its promise to eliminate all alternatives that might plausibly be thought to satisfy PAP. I respond to this challenge with a counterexample in whichconsidering an alternative course of action is anecessary condition fordeciding to act otherwise, and the agent does not in fact consider the alternative. I call this a “buffer case,” because the morally relevant alternative is “buffered” by the requirement that the agent first consider the alternative. Suppose further that the agent’s considering an alternative action—entering the buffer zone—is what would trigger the counterfactual intervener. Then it would appear that PAP-relevant alternatives are out of reach. I defend this counterexample to PAP against three objections: that considering an alternative isitself a morally relevant alternative; that buffer cases can be shown to containother alternatives that arguably satisfy PAP; and that even if the agent’spresent access to PAP-relevant alternatives were eliminated, PAP could still be satisfied in virtue ofearlier alternatives. I conclude that alternative possibilities are a normal symptom, but not an essential constituent, of moral agency.