Nanostructured gold surfaces as reproducible substrates for surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Raman spectroscopy is a common tool for the qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis of molecules. Although the unique identification of molecules is possible via their vibrational lines, high concentrations (mmol/l) are needed for their nonresonant excitation owing to their low scattering cross section. The intensity of the Raman spectra is amplified by the use of the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique. While the use of silver sols results only in a limited reproducibility of the Raman line intensities, lithographically designed, nanostructured gold surfaces used as SERS‐active substrates should, in principle, combine the high sensitivity with better reproducibility. For this purpose, we have produced gratings of gold dots on Si(001) surfaces by means of electron beam lithography. Qualitative and quantitative investigations of crystal violet (CV) performed using nanostructured surfaces give high reproducibility and enhancement of the Raman lines. The substrates are reusable after cleaning; all results presented could be obtained from a single SERS substrate. For the experiments very low laser powers were used. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

核糖核酸与甲基紫作用机理及含量测定的研究

研究了在pH 6.0的伯瑞坦-罗比森弱酸性缓冲溶液中,小分子甲基紫与生物大分子核糖核酸之间发生强烈静电缔合相互作用,引起分子光谱红移,吸收值变小。甲基紫在最大吸收波长558 nm处的吸收峰强度显著下降,下降程度与核糖核酸的含量呈线性关系,应用光谱法研究了反应体系酸度、甲基紫用量、反应时间对反应速度的影响,确定了试验最佳条件,提出并建立了测定痕量核糖核酸含量的新方法。线性范围为1.0～8.0 μg·mL-1, 检测限为0.52 μg·mL-1,相关系数r为0.999 9,该法简便,快速,具有较高的选择性和灵敏度,对合成样品中核糖核酸的测定令人满意;初步探讨了反应机理,认为,甲基紫分子与凝聚在RNA分子链上的反离子之间发生静电缔合作用,然后,以协同方式与RNA分子发生键合,使甲基紫三苯环平面结构受到破坏,π-电子叠合程度降低,吸收值降低,最大吸收波长红移。     

温度对Nafion-结晶紫光纤湿度传感器性能的影响

The optical fiber relative humidity sensor based on Nation-crystal violet film was developed.The effect of samplef s temperature in the range from 299.15K to 324.15K on the sensing performance of the sensor was investigated. The mathematical function between temperature and the sensitivity of the sensor was established according to the reactive theory of sensor to the relative humidity, which was validated with the experiment. With the research, the application range of the sensor was extended, which made the sensor keep a good veracity when it was used in situ.     

离子交换树脂相分光光度法测定水中痕量铋

利用离子交换树脂相通过光度法测定痕量铋。铋离子在碱性介质中与邻苯二酚紫形成紫色络合物将其富集在苯乙烯阴离子交换树脂上,通过制作成薄层直接光度法测定。本法操作简便,装皿容易,选择性好,精密度高(测定5μgBi3 5次,RSD=3.8%),铋浓度在0~10μg(50ml)时与吸光度呈线性关系,线性回归方程为A=0.010 0.075C(μg/50ml),相关系数r=0.9997,铋的回收率为98%~99%,检出限为3.2μg/L,用于水中痕量铋的测定,结果满意。     

甲基紫共振瑞利散射光谱法测定透明质酸钠

在pH5的乙酸盐缓冲介质中,甲基紫与透明质酸钠作用形成结合产物时将导致溶液共振瑞利散射(RRS)大大增强并产生新的RRS光谱,其最大散射峰位于341 nm处。透明质酸钠在0~2.5 mg.L-1范围内其浓度与RRS强度成正比。该法具有高灵敏度,对透明质酸钠的检出限(3σ)为20.1μg.L-1,选择性较好。此法用于测定从鸡冠组织中提取的透明质酸的粗品,测定结果的平均相对标准偏差为2.3%,加标平均回收率为98.9%。     

双水相萃取法分离铍(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅲ)与铁(Ⅱ)、铬(Ⅲ)、锰(Ⅱ)、铝(Ⅲ)

研究了在聚乙二醇2000(PEG)-硫酸钠(Na2SO4)-邻苯二酚紫(PV)体系中铍(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅲ)、铁(Ⅱ)、铝(Ⅲ)、铬(Ⅲ)、锰(Ⅱ)的萃取行为。试验结果表明,铍(Ⅱ)在pH 3.5-7.0及铁(Ⅲ)在pH 4.0-7.0范围内可以被PEG相几乎完全萃取,而铝(Ⅲ)、铬(Ⅲ)在pH 1.0-7.0、锰(Ⅱ)在pH 1.0-4.5、铁(Ⅱ)在pH 1.0-4.5则不被萃取。从而实现了将铍(Ⅱ)(pH 3.5)、铁(Ⅲ)(pH 5.0)与铝(Ⅲ)、铬(Ⅲ)、锰(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅱ)混合离子的定量分离。同时探讨了PEG相的萃取机理。     

Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Microspheres Enhance Crystal Violet Dye Adsorption Properties

In this study, a polysaccharide-based hydrogel microsphere (SFP/SA) was prepared using S. fusiforme polysaccharide (SFP) and sodium alginate (SA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) demonstrated that SFP was effectively loaded onto the hydrogel microsphere. Texture profile analysis (TPA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that, with the increase of SFP concentration, the hardness of SFP/SA decreased, while the springiness and cohesiveness of SFP/SA increased, and the thermal stability of SFP/SA improved. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of SFP/SA increased from 8.20 mg/g (without SFP) to 67.95 mg/g (SFP accounted 80%) without swelling, and from 35.05 mg/g (without SFP) to 81.98 mg/g (SFP accounted 80%) after 24 h swelling. The adsorption of crystal violet (CV) dye by SFP/SA followed pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetics (both with R² > 0.99). The diffusion of intraparticle in CV dye was not the only influencing factor. Moreover, the adsorption of CV dye for SFP/SA (SFP accounted 60%) fit the Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models. SFP/SA exhibited good regenerative adsorption capacity. Its adsorption rate remained at > 97% at the 10th consecutive cycle while SFP accounted for 80%. The results showed that the addition of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide could increase the springiness, cohesiveness and thermal stability of the hydrogel microsphere, as well as improve the adsorption capacity of crystal violet dye.     

The use of nuclear track detectors as an environmental solar ultraviolet radiation dosimeter

Investigation of using CR-39 nuclear track detectors as solar ultraviolet radiation (SUVR) dosimeter was studied. The nuclear track detectors were irradiated with Cf-252 (alpha and fission fragments) before exposure to sun light. The exposure of nuclear track detectors to SUVR were carried out under two different conditions (i) the detector was mounted on a solar tracker mechanism which always rotate towards the sun, and (ii) fixed on a horizontal surface. The measurements were performed for different periods extended from one to eight weeks continuously at Dhahran - Saudi Arabia. The period extended from the middle of July to middle of September: the hottest months in Saudi Arabia. The weekly integrated SUVR measured by Eppley sensor was ranged from 2400 W. h. m⁻² for one week up to 21000 W.h.m⁻² for eight weeks. The results indicate linear correlation between both the track diameters of alphas and fission fragments and the total exposure to SUVR. The results clearly demonstrate that it is possible to use the nuclear track detectors as an environmental and personal SUVR dosimeters.     

铋（Ⅲ），－溴邻苯三酚红－乙基紫体系高灵敏显色反应的研究

本文研究了在聚乙烯醇存在下，铋（Ⅲ）－溴邻苯三酚红－乙基紫体系产生的协同显色反应，在ｐＨ２．５的醋酸溶液中，形成［ＥＶ］·［Ｂｉ（ＢＰＲ）］型离子缔合物，最大吸收波长６００ｎｍ，摩尔吸光系数为４．７６×１０￣５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣－１·ｃｍ￣－１，铋含量在０～８．０μｇ／２５ｍＬ。范围内服从比尔定律。采用巯基棉分离干扰离子，可显著提高体系的选择性。用拟定的方法测定了铜合金中的微量铋，并根据缔合物的组成，探讨了显色反应的机理。