Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of nano-sized metal-organic framework; a simple method to explore selective and fast Congo Red adsorption

A novel mixed linker Metal-organic Framework, [Co(NH₂IsoBDC)(bpfn)].DMF (TMU-69), with amide and amino functionalized spacers (bpfn = N,N'-(naphthalene-1,5-diyl)diisonicotinamide, NH₂IsoBDCH₂ = 5-Aminoisophthalic acid) was synthesized through both solvothermal and ultrasonic approaches. Applying sonochemical irradiation led to ultrafast formation of Flower-shaped nanoplates of TMU-69 within 15 min with high yield while, solvothermal method takes 3 days to form the framework. Control of size and morphology was also enhanced through applying ultrasonic irradiations. The implication of applied time and concentration of reagents on size and morphology of nano-structured TMU-69 have been optimized. Applying higher concentration of initial material with optimized 60-minute irradiation forms uniform smaller sized nanoplates of TMU-69. Also, the efficiency of TMU-69 bulk and nanoplates toward removal of pollutant dyes from water was investigated. The selective adsorption of Congo Red was observed among other dyes. Also, drastic enhancement in removal kinetic of Congo Red through using ultrasonic assisted nanoplates of TMU-69 was obtained.     

基于高光谱成像技术的油菜叶片SPAD值检测

以油菜叶片为研究对象,利用高光谱成像技术,成功建立了叶绿素相对值SPAD值的预测模型。共采集了160个油菜叶片样本在380～1030 nm范围内的高光谱图像。选择500～900 nm之间的平均光谱作为油菜叶片样本的光谱。利用蒙特卡罗最小二乘法(monte carlo partial least squares, MC-PLS)剔除了13个异常样本,基于剩余的147个样本光谱数据与SPAD测量值进行分析,采用了不同的方法建立了多种预测模型,包括：全光谱的偏最小二乘法(partial least squares, PLS)模型,连续投影算法(successive projections algorithm, SPA)选择特征波长的PLS预测模型,“红边”位置(λ_red)的简单经验估测模型,三种植被指数R₇₁₀/R₇₆₀,(R₇₅₀-R₇₀₅)/(R₇₅₀-R₇₀₅)和R₈₆₀/(R₅₅₀*R₇₀₈)分别建立的简单经验估测模型,以及基于这三种植被指数的PLS预测模型。建模结果显示,全光谱的PLS模型预测效果最为精确,其预测相关系数r_p为0.833 9,预测均方根误差RMSEP为1.52。而使用SPA算法选出的8个特征波长所建立的PLS模型其预测结果可达到与全光谱的PLS模型非常接近的水平,而且在保证一定精度的条件下减少了大量运算,节省了运算时间,大幅提高了建模的速度。而基于红边位置和选择的三种植被指数而建立的简单经验估计模型其预测结果虽与基于全光谱的PLS预测模型有一定差距,但模型简单、运算量小,适合用于对精度要求不高的场合,对后续的便携仪器设备开发有一定的指导作用。     

Solid-solution red phosphors for white LEDs

Solid solutions of Eu³⁺-doped metal tungstate and molybdate phosphors were synthesized by solid-state reactions. The crystal structure of the solid-solution phosphors was determined to be tetragonal with a space group of I4₁/c. The red-emitting solid-solution phosphors exhibited a broad absorption band in the range 220-340 nm and sharp excitation peaks in the near UV to green region. The emission intensities of the solid-solution phosphors were enhanced due to the stiff lattices, as a result of the ordered distribution of cations and anions according to differences in ionic size. The increase in the energy transfer is discussed in terms of metal-ligand distances, ionization potential of Mo and the relatively large overlap between the excitation and emission spectra. Such solid-solution phosphors with a bright red emission intensity, relatively short decay time and appropriate color chromaticity have potential for use as red-emitting materials for white LEDs.     

非共价作用双水相萃取分光光度法测定镧

研究了稀土金属La（Ⅲ）的在聚乙二醇2000（PEG）-硫酸铵[（NH4）₂SO₄]-甲基红（MR）双水相体系中,用甲基红作萃取剂和显色剂的液-液萃取行为。实验表明将DP-La（Ⅲ）配合物从pH 3.5的溶液中萃取到PEG相,其最大吸收波长位于545nm,ε=2.23×10⁵L·mol^-1·cm^-1。La（Ⅲ）的线性范围为0—0.8μg·mL^-1,La（Ⅲ）与MR的配合比为1:2。该方法对共存离子的抗干扰能力较强。     

叶酸-壳聚糖偶联物的制备及对人体血红细胞的影响

通过叶酸活性酯与壳聚糖的氨基反应,制备出叶酸-壳聚糖偶联物;经红外光谱、核磁共振表征该偶联物的化学结构,紫外分光光度法测定每个壳聚糖上叶酸的接枝量。通过溶血实验、扫描电镜、原子力显微镜观察比较了壳聚糖、叶酸-壳聚糖对人体红细胞的影响。结论:成功制备出叶酸-壳聚糖偶联物;与壳聚糖相比,接枝叶酸的壳聚糖对血红细胞的形貌没有改变。     

Spectral distributions of harmonic generation from electron oscillation driven by intense femtosecond laser pulses

The characteristics of harmonic radiation due to electron oscillation driven by an intense femtosecond laser pulse are analyzed considering a single electron model. An interesting modulated structure of the spectrum is observed and analyzed for different polarization. Higher order harmonic radiations are possible for a sufficiently intense driving laser pulse. We have shown that for a realistic pulsed photon beam, the spectrum of the radiation is red shifted as well as broadened because of changes in the longitudinal velocity of the electrons during the laser pulse. These effects are more pronounced at higher laser intensities giving rise to higher order harmonics that eventually leads to a continuous spectrum. Numerical simulations have further shown that by increasing the laser pulse width broadening of the high harmonic radiations can be limited.     

原油样品激光诱导荧光的时间分辨光谱特性研究

为探索激光诱导时间分辨荧光光谱技术应用于海洋悬浮溢油原位探测的可行性,对来自胜利油田六个不同井区不同密度的原油样品的时间分辨荧光光谱进行了探测分析。结果发现,各原油样品荧光发射的持续时间基本相同,从ICCD中数字延时发生器(DDG)的输入延时52 ns开始,到输入延时82 ns左右结束,各原油样品的荧光峰强度随时间变化曲线的半高宽约10 ns;不同原油样品的最强荧光峰位及其衰减寿命不尽相同,并且与样品密度有一定相关性,密度相近的原油具有相近的最强荧光峰位和相似的荧光寿命。对比六种原油样品的时间分辨荧光光谱发现,在荧光增强时,原油荧光光谱峰位不变,当荧光从最大强度开始衰减时,六种原油样品的荧光光谱峰位均出现了不同程度(17~30 nm)的红移现象,这一定程度上反映出原油中各荧光组分的荧光衰减速率存在差异,或者存在荧光组分之间的能量传递。所观测到的原油密度相关的时间分辨光谱信息和荧光峰红移现象可望成为水下悬浮溢油识别的有效特征之一。     

内蒙古东升庙白垩系红层的近红外光谱分析

在内蒙古东升庙矿区西部采取白垩系红层岩心及地表风化土壤样,用近红外光谱分析技术对各个样品进行测试分析。结果表明,近红外光谱技术能通过矿物中各基团的特征吸收峰快速鉴别出矿物,东升庙矿区西部白垩系红层为泥质胶结主要由石英、长石、蒙脱石、伊利石、绿泥石、白云母等组成,其矿物组成主要受到上游物源区影响;其崩解主要为蒙脱石等粘土矿物吸水膨胀,失水收缩不均匀,使原有裂隙扩大并产生新的裂隙,导致强度降低,发生崩解;根据其粘土矿物的组合推测其风化过程中气候以寒冷干燥为主,风化过程主要为物理风化。研究结果一方面可以完善该矿区地质特征,另一方面表明在矿物光谱学的基础上,近红外光谱分析技术可以有效地分析土壤和岩石的矿物成分,从而论证了近红外光谱分析技术应用于土壤、岩石矿物的的快速分析可行性,表明了其在地质研究中的可行性,为以后的土壤、岩石研究提供新思路。     

共振光散射法测定环境水样中痕量锡

基于在Tris-HCl介质中,痕量锡对氯酚红-人血白蛋白-十二烷基硫酸钠体系的共振散射光谱有明显的猝灭作用;考察了它们的光谱特征、影响因素和适宜的反应条件;确定了散射光强度与Sn2 的关系,从而建立了测定痕量锡的共振光散射新方法.该法在室温下进行,操作方便,灵敏度高和选择性好.其线性范围为0.2-4.0μg/L,检出限0.12μg/L,用于环境水样中痕量Sn2 的测定,相对标准偏差小于3.1%,加标回收率为95.5%-100.5%,效果良好.     

Gd3+对Ca0.8Zn0.2TiO3:Pr3+红色发光材料的敏化作用

采用溶胶-凝胶法在较低温度下合成了红色发光材料Ca0.8Zn0.2TiO3:0.002Pr3 ,xGd3 .金属离子预先溶解含有柠檬酸的乙二醇溶液中.XRD表明在800℃灼烧2h形成了钛酸盐的晶体.荧光检测结果表明所合成样品的特征激发峰为330nm、特征发射峰为614nm,分别对应于O(2p)→Ti(3d)带间跃迁和Pr3 的1D2→3H4的特征发射.样品的发光强度随x的不同而不同,发光强度增强了29%-69%.当x＝0.0005时,即nPr3 :nGd3 ＝4∶1时样品的红色发光强度最强,发光强度增强了69%.