Ag/TCNQ薄膜中的传质行为研究

采用真空蒸发的方法在玻璃基板上交替蒸发Ag和TCNQ(四氰基对醌二甲烷), 形成不同厚度的双层膜, 经Ag的固体化学扩散与TCNQ反应, 形成金属有机络合物. 利用透射光谱作为表征, 研究了Ag的传质规律, 给出了60~110 ℃温度下的恒温传质系数k和对应的激活能, 并对传质机制进行了探讨.     

Electrochemical characteristics of a platinum electrode modified with a matrix of polyvinyl butyral and colloidal Ag containing immobilized horseradish peroxidase

A new hydrogen peroxide biosensor was constructed, which consisted of a platinum electrode modified by a matrix of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and nanometer-sized Ag colloid containing immobilized horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and using Co(bpy)₃³⁺ as mediator in the hydrogen peroxide solution. The electrochemical characteristics of the biosensor were studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The modified process was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The HRP immobilized on colloidal Ag was stable and retained its biological activity. The sensor displays excellent electrocatalytic response to the reduction of H₂O₂. Analytical parameters such as pH and temperature were also studied. Linear calibration for H₂O₂ was obtained in the range of 1×10^–5 to 1×10^–2 M under optimized conditions. The sensor was highly sensitive to H₂O₂, with a detection limit of 2×10^–6 M, and the sensor achieved 95% of steady-state current within 10 s. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity, selectivity and stability.     

Ag(Ⅲ)配合物-鲁米诺化学发光体系用于文拉法辛的测定

Ag(Ⅲ)配合物在碱性介质中可氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光.实验发现,抗抑郁药物文拉法辛对该化学发光体系有显著的增敏作用.据此,结合流动注射技术,建立了化学发光测定文拉法辛的新方法.在优化条件下,方法的线性范围为0.1～2.0 mg·L-1,检出限(S/N=3)为0.05 mg·L-1,回收率为96％ ～ 105％,相对标准...     

激光诱导沉积银膜制备新型光纤SERS传感器

利用激光诱导沉积的方法直接在光纤端面沉积了银纳米膜,并用SERS光谱监测了这一沉积过程,在光纤端面上生成的银膜出现了“年轮”状宏观形貌,这种形貌与激光在光纤中的干涉与衍射条纹分布相一致,证明了这种现象是由激光诱导反应引发的. 结合实验结果进一步讨论了银纳米膜的形成机理. 在光纤上沉积的银纳米膜作为光纤SERS传感器的基底与其它制备基底的方法比较也具有实验操作简便,耗时短,重现性好,SERS增强效果强等诸多优点,是一种非常好的制备光纤SERS传感器基底的方法.     

牛血红蛋白与银纳米粒子相互作用的光谱研究

运用紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、荧光光谱、同步荧光光谱、圆二色光谱(CD)及傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)等手段, 研究牛血红蛋白(Bovine Hemoglobin, 简称BHb)与银纳米粒子的相互作用. 结果表明, BHb能吸附在银纳米粒子的表面, 使其415 nm处的特征等离子体共振吸收峰强度下降, 峰位红移. 随银纳米粒子的浓度增大, BHb分子中Soret带的吸收持续降低, 说明银纳米粒子可能使部分血红素辅基从它们的键腔中脱离出来. Stern-Volmer方程分析表明, 银纳米粒子静态猝灭BHb的内源荧光. 由UV-Vis和荧光光谱的变化, 计算BHb与银纳米粒子的结合常数, 其数量级达到10⁹～10¹⁰. 同步荧光光谱的蓝移说明, 银纳米粒子扰动BHb分子内部的酪氨酸、色氨酸残基所处的微环境, 使之包埋于疏水腔中. 拟合计算远紫外CD数据发现, 银纳米粒子诱导BHb产生轻微的二级结构改变, α-螺旋含量降低. FTIR光谱结果提示, BHb中半胱氨酸残基的硫、羧基氧、酰胺及氨基酸残基中的氮原子与银纳米粒子可能有表面键合作用.     

Fluorometric enzyme immunosensing system based on natural product resveratrol for horseradish peroxidase and Ag/SiO_2 nanoparticles

The properties of resveratrol (3′, 4′, 5-trihydroxystlbene, RST) were for the first time evaluated as a potential substrate for horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed fluorogenic reaction. The properties of RST for use as fluorogenic substrates for HRP and its application in immunoassays were compared with commercially available substrates such as p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid (pHPPA), chavicol and Amplex red by a fluoroimmunosensing method in the use of Schistosomia japonicum antibody (SjAb) as a model analyte. The fluoroimmunosensing device was constructed by dispersing Schistosomia japonicum antigen (SjAg), nano-Ag/SiO2 particles and sol-gel at low temperature. In pH 5.8 Britton-Robinson buffer (B-R), HRP-SjAb conjugates can catalyze the polymerization reaction of RST by H2O2 forming fluorescent dimmers. The increase of the fluorescence intensity of the dimmers product at emission of 462 nm (excitation: 315 nm) is proportional to the concentration of HRP-SjAb binding to the SjAg entrapped in the nano-Ag/SiO2 particles-sol-gel matrix. A competitive binding assay has been used to determine SjAb in rabbit serum with the aid of SjAb labeled with HRP. Substrate RST showed comparable ability for HRP detection and its enzyme-linked immunosensing reaction system, in a linear detection ranging of 1.5×10-6-7.3×10-4 g/L and with a detection limit of 1.5×10-6 g/L. The immobilized biocomposites surface could be regenerated by simply polishing with an alumina paper, with an excellent reproducibility (RSD = 4.7%). The proposed method has been successfully used for analysis of the rabbit serum sample with satisfactory results.     

银纳米颗粒对聚合物太阳能电池性能的提高

采用水溶性银纳米颗粒附着在反型太阳能电池的电子传输层上,用以提高有机太阳能电池的短路电流。所制备的器件结构为ITO/ZnO/Ag NPs/P3HT(Poly 3-hexylthiophene):PC_[60]BM/MoO₃/Ag。其金属银纳米颗粒的表面等离激元在410 nm处出现了共振吸收峰,半峰全宽约为60 nm。器件的光电流在可见光范围内均有所增加,短路电流相对于标准器件提高了20.2%,光电转化效率相对提高了17.2%。     

PATP在Ag/TiO_2纳米管基底上的表面增强拉曼散射和光催化过程研究

表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)是一种超灵敏、高选择性的分析方法,越来越受到人们的关注。对巯基苯胺(PATP)由于其易吸附在大多数SERS基底表面,并可以产生极强的SERS信号,因此常被用作SERS的探针分子。二氧化钛(TiO_2)是一种目前常用的光催化剂,但是其催化效率仍有待提高。将贵金属与TiO_2复合是提高其催化效率的有效手段。本文采用电化学阳极氧化法制备了二氧化钛纳米管(TiO_2NTs),并采用光化学还原方法在表面沉积了贵金属银,制备了一种同时具有SERS和催化性能的双功能基底,即银纳米粒子修饰的二氧化钛纳米管(Ag/TiO_2NTs),研究了PATP分子在该基底上的光催化过程,并与在银镜基底上的光催化过程进行了比较。我们发现,Ag/TiO_2NTs基底上的PATP在催化过程中峰强度逐渐减弱,但没有新峰的出现;而在银镜基底上PATP的峰强度随光照时间却几乎没有变化,证明了PATP分子在Ag/TiO_2 NTs上的光催化降解过程。本文还对Ag/TiO_2NTs上PATP的催化过程进行了动力学分析,结果表明PATP在该基底表面的催化反应为一级反应。     

从银电极上氢析出的温度效应得到的反应动力学启示

利用循环伏安法研究了多晶银电极在0.1 mol/L HClO₄溶液中氢析出反应的温度效应. 发现当从析氢起始电位负向扫描至零电荷电位(-0.4 V)时,氢析出反应的表观活化能(E_a,app)和指前因子(A)均随着电势的负移而增大(对应的E_a,app从24 kJ/mol增大至32 kJ/mol).继续负向扫描至零电荷电位以后,E_a,app随电势的负移而减小但A不随电势变化. 推测E_a,app和A在零