Constant curvature 2-spheres in—P2

In this note, for each 0<R<1, we construct a continuous family of isometric immersions of the 2-sphere of constant curvature 1/R ²,S ²(R), into complex projective plane—P² with the Fubini-Study metric.The author has received financial support from CNP_q during the completion of this work.     

Optical Signal Inversion Phenomenon for 1.5 μm Derived from the Negative Nonlinear Absorption Effect in an Erbium Nitrate Solution

The modulation characteristics of the negative nonlinear absorption effect were investigated in an erbium nitrate solution using a 1510 nm laser diode. The reversed-phase waveform was obtained in the transmitted laser for a sample length of 3.0 mm. With decrease in the modulation degree, the reversed-phase waveforms were observed at modulation degrees smaller than 72%. With increase in the modulation frequency, the transmitted waveforms were asymmetrical. The optical signal inversion phenomenon for 1.5μm can be explained by considering an excited state absorption in which energy transfer occurs in a system with high concentrations of the Er3+ ion.     

An unconditionally stable semi‐Lagrangian method for the spherical atmospherical shallow water equations

A semi‐implicit, semi‐Lagrangian, mixed finite difference–finite volume model for the shallow water equations on a rotating sphere is introduced and discussed. Its main features are the vectorial treatment of the momentum equation and the finite volume approach for the continuity equation. Pressure and Coriolis terms in the momentum equation and velocity in the continuity equation are treated semi‐implicitly. Moreover, a splitting technique is introduced to preserve symmetry of the numerical scheme. An alternative asymmetric scheme (without splitting) is also introduced and the efficiency of both is discussed. The model is shown to be conservative in geopotential height and unconditionally stable for 0.5≤θ≤1. Numerical experiments on two standard test problems confirm the performance of the model. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Parametric active aeroelastic control of a morphing wing using the receptance method

This study proposes the parametric active aeroelastic control of a folding wing, which is a promising concept of morphing wings, by integrating the parameterized aeroservoelastic model and the receptance-based control strategy. It starts with establishing the parameterized aeroservoelastic model of the folding wing with respect to its folding angle and air speed. The transfer functions between the embedded sensors and the actuators of the folding wing are then efficiently obtained using the parameterized aeroservoelastic model. Finally, control gains for varying folding angle and air speed of the wing are synthesized using the receptance method. The results of numerical analyses show that smooth evolutions of the control gains can be obtained over a wide range of folding angles and air speeds, although the dynamic behavior of the folding wing is sensitive to these parameters. In addition, the active aeroelastic control can effectively suppress aeroelastic vibrations and expand flutter boundaries of the folding wing. The benefit of the parametric active aeroelastic control for the folding wing, i.e., smoothly switching among the control laws without exciting undesirable vibrations is highlighted.     

碳纳米管掺杂聚丙烯腈/铜室温环化为石墨的拉曼光谱分析及形成机制研究

石墨质碳质材料因具有良好的电学、力学、热学性能而在电子设备,复合材料,电池,传感器中得到广泛应用,但针对生产能耗高,污染大,成本高,不可控等现状是急需解决的核心问题。因此,通过使用较简单和成本低的制造技术在纳米级器件中获得石墨碳结构的方法是一个有吸引力的探索领域。表面等离激元技术因具有环境友好、能耗低等优点而受到广泛关注,利用等离激元技术诱导大分子链状聚合物石墨化就是一种具有广阔前景的制备技术,而Cu作为贱金属具有产量高,价格便宜等优势。基于表面等离激元技术,利用激光辐射粗糙Cu表面上的聚丙烯腈(PAN)+碳纳米管(CNT),而使聚丙烯腈在金属表面被石墨化。通过改变基底刻蚀时间、退火温度、退火时间、激光强度系统地研究了PAN/Cu和PAN+CNT/Cu得到最佳石墨化条件。实验结果表明：以PAN作为探针分子,在2.5 mol·L^-1硝酸刻蚀15min的铜基底上,观察到了增强因子为1.39×10⁴的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)效应。通过使用拉曼激光作为光源,在退火温度为140℃时,可以观察到石墨化的PAN分子结构缺陷较少,碳氮三键消失,其I     

管道有源噪声控制中壁面分布次级声源的空间分布优化

为了改进管道中高阶模式声波的有源控制效果,研究了壁面分布次级声源的空间分布优化问题。首先提出管道中次级声源独立控制高阶模式声波的理论模型。然后推导次级声源在管道中各方向上空间分布对控制高阶模式声波的贡献,得到了次级声源空间分布的优化准则。通过将空间分布离散化,采用最小化管道中声能流的控制策略得到次级声源的最优驱动强度。最后通过数值仿真对比最优驱动强度时各种次级声源空间分布对控制性能的影响,验证了通过优化次级声源空间分布能显著提高控制效果。仿真结果表明,当次级声源分布于管道所有壁面且沿管道轴向分布范围较大时,高阶模式的控制效率最高。     

R134a管外强化沸腾实验数据处理新方法

在水平管外沸腾换热实验中,热流密度沿管长方向的变化幅度较大,采用Wilson方法所得到的管内对流换热系数偏高,而管外沸腾换热系数偏低.为解决这一问题,本文提出了一种新的数据处理方法-局部换热系数法,并采用这种方法对实验测定R134a在水平放置的机械加工强化表面沸腾传热管的实验数据进行分析和处理,得到了较合理的结果.     

血卟啉衍生物(HpD)的表面增强共振拉曼光谱

近年来,采用光敏剂(H_pD)与光的协同效应,诊治癌肿疾病有了较大的进展,所以,研究其光谱特性是有其现实意义的。 用共振拉曼光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱所获得的散射强度,都比通常的拉曼光谱有几个数量级的增强,并可得到稀溶液(10~(-6)～10~(-3)mol/L)的高质量光谱,本文报道了8×10~(-3)mol/L HpD水溶液的共振拉曼光谱和5×10~(-5)mol/L HpD水溶液的表面增强共振拉曼光谱,结果表明,表面增强共振拉曼光谱比共振拉曼光谱的散射强度滴出三个量级。     

自旋电子学-光催化产氢交叉学科研究中的测试表征技术进展

清洁能源的研究和开发为解决化石燃料的日益枯竭问题带来了希望.氢能燃烧热值高,产物零污染,是理想的清洁能源.利用太阳能,通过光催化反应从水中制取氢气,是一条极有发展前景的制氢途径.然而,太阳能光催化制氢的发展受到许多因素的限制,特别是光电子传输过程中的电子-空穴复合及能量损失导致的电子输运效率低以及高的产氢产氧过电位导致水分解过程的势垒增大.自旋电子学的发展,为太阳能光催化制氢中的这些问题提供了解决之道.通过将自旋电子学的思路及原理应用于太阳能光催化制氢,借助自旋输运及电子隧穿可有效提高电子的输运效率,光电子的自旋极化还可降低产氢产氧过电位并抑制副产物的生成.测试表征技术的发展为揭示自旋电子学-太阳能光催化制氢交叉科学的内秉机理做出了重要贡献.然而,目前尚无相关文籍对此类测试表征技术的发展进行总结和评述.考虑到这些测试表征技术在自旋电子学-太阳能光催化制氢交叉科学研究中的重要作用,对它们进行归纳和总结,评述其发展面临的问题与挑战,探索并合理预测其未来的发展方向.     

表面活性剂泡沫强化修复污染土壤研究进展

全球土壤资源污染严重,表面活性剂泡沫强化修复技术因泡沫流动受重力影响小、避免淋洗液难控制使区域扩大引发二次污染、修复效果好等备受关注。本文综述了表面活性剂泡沫强化修复技术在治理污染土壤中的研究进展,详细阐述了表面活性剂泡沫强化修复污染物的效果、机理、影响因素及应用前景,并就表面活性剂泡沫强化修复技术今后的研究方向进行了展望。