19.5nm极紫外反射镜的研制

介绍了一种用于太阳观测19.5nm极紫外多层膜的研究工作。利用软件对规整的Mo/Si膜系结构进行了优化,拓宽了反射带宽,提高了积分反射率。采用双离子束溅射技术,时间控厚,成功制备了该反射镜。通过同步辐射反射率计测试表明,峰值反射率27.5%,均匀性在1%以内,已初步达到预设要求。     

光谱法研究酒石酸乙酰异戊酰泰乐菌素与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用及Zn2＋，Cu2＋的影响

酒石酸乙酰异戊酰泰乐菌素（ATLL）是一种新的大环内酯类兽用抗菌药,研究 ATLL与蛋白质的相互作用非常重要,这直接与 ATLL 在体内的药效相关。牛血清白蛋白（BSA ）结构上与人血清白蛋白（HSA）同源,因此,常用它作研究药物与蛋白质相互作用的蛋白模型。血液中有许多金属离子,已有关于体内单一离子对药物与蛋白质相互作用影响的研究,采用多光谱方法对ATLL与BSA相互作用及Zn2＋和Cu2＋的影响进行研究。结果表明,BSA的荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭,Zn2＋和Cu2＋分别使有效猝灭常数降低和增大。主要的相互作用力为氢键和疏水作用力。ATLL改变蛋白质色氨酸和酪氨酸的微环境极性。紫外光谱分析发现,Cu2＋可能是通过Cu2＋‐ATLL复合物以金属离子架桥作用来影响ATLL与BSA的作用,Zn2＋可能通过与ATLL的竞争作用结合BSA。红外光谱分析表明,ATLL使BSA的β‐折叠和α‐螺旋结构向β‐转角和无规卷曲转变。这些基础数据有助于阐明在生理条件下,有无Zn2＋,Cu2＋时ATLL与BSA的相互作用机制及金属离子在药物与蛋白质作用过程中对蛋白质功能的影响。     

JRQ and JPA irradiated and annealed reactor pressure vessel steels studied by positron annihilation

The paper is focused on a comprehensive study of JRQ and JPA reactor pressure vessel steels from the positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) point of view. Based on our more than 20 years’ experience with characterization of irradiated reactor steels, we confirmed that defects after irradiation start to grow and/or merge into bigger clusters. Experimental results shown that JPA steel is more sensitive to the creation of irradiation-induced defects than JRQ steel. It is most probably due to high copper content (0.29?wt.% in JPA) and copper precipitation has a major impact on neutron-induced defect creation at the beginning of the irradiation. Based on current PALS results, no large vacancy clusters were formed during irradiation, which could cause dangerous embrittlement concerning operation safety of nuclear power plant. The combined PALS, small angle neutron scattering and atomic probe tomography studies support the model for JRQ and JPA steels describing the structure of irradiation-induced clusters as agglomerations of vacancy clusters (consisting of 2–6 vacancies each) and are separated from each other by a distribution of atoms.     

Space-Charge Effects with REXTRAP

The beam quality of radioactive ion beams produced by present target ion source technology is often not sufficient for direct post-acceleration. Furthermore, pulsed beams insure a more efficient use of an accelerator. In the case of REX-ISOLDE, the post accelerator at the CERN ISOLDE facility, a gas-filled Penning trap (REXTRAP) has been chosen for accumulation of the radioactive ions and conversion into cooled bunches. Radial centering of the ions is achieved by applying an rf field with a frequency equal to the cyclotron frequency of the desired ion species. The efficiency achieved in the first tests with different isotopes covering nearly the entire mass range was already >20%. Going to total numbers of >10⁵ stored ions in the trap a shift of the centering frequency could be observed, which is most likely due to space charge effects. Despite this, it was possible to accumulate up to 10⁷ ions and deliver them as cooled bunches. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Stress state of silver nanoparticles embedded in a silicate glass matrix investigated by HREM and EXAFS spectroscopy

Ag particles of 3.9 and 5.1 nm mean size in silicate glasses were produced by ion exchange and subsequent annealing at 480 and 600 ^°C. These thermal treatments may induce stresses in matrix and particles in addition to the well known effect of surface atoms because of the thermal expansion mismatch of both materials. Structural characterisation of the particles by high-resolution electron microscopy revealed a size-dependent lattice dilatation quite opposite to the so far observed lattice contraction of similar metal/glass composites. This result, confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ag K-edge, is discussed in terms of an Ag-Ag bond length increase near the particle surface. The temperature-dependent EXAFS spectra (10-300 K) indicate an increased thermal expansion coefficient of the particles with an increased mean particle size calculated on the basis of an anharmonic Einstein model. With that the bond length increase can be explained. The results can be interpreted by a combination of both the particle size effects and the influence of the surrounding matrix. Received 30 November 2000     

合肥光源储存环的离子俘获与直流离子清洗

研究了合肥光源(HLS)电子储存环中离子产生、俘获的过程,离子对束流的影响,直流离子清洗的作用及清洗效果.为光源的高效率的运行提供了理论指导及实验依据.     

The effect of oxygen vacancy on the oxide ion mobility in LaAlO3-based oxides

The electrical property of (La_1−xSr_x)_1−z(Al_1−yMg_y)O_3−δ (LSAM; x≤0.3, y≤0.15 and z≤0.1) was measured using the DC four-probe method as a function of temperature (500–1000°C) and oxygen partial pressure (1–10⁻²² atm). Among LSAMs, (La_0.9Sr_0.1)AlO_3−δ showed the highest ionic conductivity, σ_i=1.3×10⁻² S cm⁻¹ at 900°C. A simultaneous substitution at A and B sites or A site deficiency is expected to create larger oxygen vacancy and higher ionic conductivity. However, it showed a negative effect. The effect of the vacancy increase did not effect monotonously the ionic conductivity. It was found that the concentration of oxygen vacancy, [V_O], influences not only the oxide ion conductivity, σ_i, but also the mobility, μ_v, of [V_O]. These properties exhibit a maximum at around [V_O]=0.05. With the increase in [V_O], the activation energy, E_a, of the ionic conduction dropped from 1.8 to ca. 1.0 eV at [V_O]=0.05 and became almost constant at [V_O]>0.05. The dependency of the pre-exponential term, μ⁰_v, and E_a on [V_O] was analyzed and their effect on μ_v and σ_i was discussed with respect to crystal structure and defect association. It was estimated that the crystal structure mainly governs these properties. The effect of defect association could not be ignored but is considered to be a complicated correlation.     

3dZ2基态铜(Ⅱ)冠醚配合物的粉末ESR谱

制备了两种不同基质的掺杂3d_Z²基态铜(Ⅱ)苯并15冠5配合物(Cu(Ⅱ)B15C5)的粉末样品,ESR测定结果表明,以B15C5为基质时,Cu(Ⅱ)B15C5的轴向配体是H₂O;而以Mg(Ⅱ)B15C5为基质时的轴向配体则是CIO₄^-.不同的轴向配体对ESR谱的线型有着较大的影响。利用Bleaney公式,计算了键参数,并对成键特性进行了讨论和比较。     

200KV重离子加速器及其应用

本文介绍一台采用双潘宁型多电荷重离子源的200kV重离子加速器,简述它在GaP光探测器的研制、聚合物材料和金属材料的离子注入改性等方面的研究与应用。