Comonomer Distribution in Polyethylenes Analysed by DSC After Thermal Fractionation

Ethylene copolymers exhibit a broad range of comonomer distributions. Thermal fractionation was performed on different grades of copolymers in a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Subsequent melting scans of fractionated polyethylenes provided a series of endothermic peaks each corresponding to a particular branch density. The DSC melting peak temperature and the area under each fraction were used to determine the branch density for each melting peak in the thermal fractionated polyethylenes. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) showed no branches whereas linear low-density polyethylenes (LLDPE) exhibited a broad range of comonomer distributions. The distributions depended on the catalyst and comonomer type and whether the polymerisation was performed in the liquid or gas phase. The DSC curves contrast the very broad range of branching in Ziegler—Natta polymers, particularly those formed in the liquid phase, with those formed by single-site catalysts. The metallocene or single-site catalysed polymers showed, as expected, a narrower distribution of branching, but broader than sometimes described. The ultra low-density polyethylenes (ULDPE) can be regarded as partially melted at room temperature thus fractionation of ULDPE should continue to sub-ambient temperatures. The thermal fractionation is shown to be useful for determining the crystallisation behaviour of polyethylene blends.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

载体对负载型水溶性铑膦配合物结构和氢甲酰化性能的影响

以丙烯、１－已烯氢甲酰化为目标反应,研究了载体表面酸三性、比表面积及孔径等对负载型水溶性铑膦配合物结构和催化性能的影响,＾３１Ｐ（＾１Ｈ）－ＮＭＲ结果显示,水溶性铑膦配合物ＨＲｈ（ＣＯ））（ＴＰＰＴＳ））物种形式存在,负载型催化剂的活性和选择性与载体表面的酸碱性,比表面积、孔径密切相关,载体孔径应足够大,以利于活性物种的负载及反应物／产物的进出。     

油脂碳碳双键加氢高活性镍催化剂的研究

采用沉淀法和化学混合法,制备了用于椰子油加氢改性的Ｎｉ／硅藻土和Ｎｉ／ＳｉＯ２催化剂,用原子吸收,碘价分析,活性和ＢＥＴ比表面积测定及ＸＲＤ,ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ,ＩＲ等手段,对催化剂的产物进行了物理和化学表征。结果表明,控制合适的制备条件,用上述两种方法都可以制得活性很好的单元镍催化剂,且加氢后除熔点升高外,未改变油脂的其它物理性质。沉淀法（Ｎｉ／硅藻土）的制备条件对催化剂的实际镍含量与加氢活性有较大影     

温控相转移催化——水/有机两相催化新进展

综述了“温控相转移催化”的原理,温控膦配体的设计、合成及其在水溶性极小的底物高碳烯烃的水/有机两相氢甲酰化反应中的应用效果.     

Ba—La—O—（F）催化剂和碱性及其OCM反应性能

采用ＸＲＤ,ＴＰＤ和高温原位ＩＲ光谱对Ｌａ２Ｏ３,ＢａＯ／Ｌａ２Ｏ３,ＢａＦ２／Ｌａ２Ｏ３,ＬａＯＦ和ＬａＯＦ等催化剂的组成、结构和ＣＯ２在催化剂上的吸附状况进行了表征,并结合催化剂性能评价结果对该系列催化剂的碱性及其与ＯＣＭ反应性能的关系进行了考察。结果表明,催化剂ＯＣＭ反应性能与其酸碱性的强弱无简单的对应关系.     

Ba-La-O-(F)催化剂的碱性及其OCM反应性能

采用XRD,TPD和高温原位IR光谱对La₂O₃,BaO/La₂O₃,BaF₂/La₂O₃,LaOF和BaF₂/LaOF等催化剂的组成、结构和CO₂在催化剂上的吸附状况进行了表征,并结合催化剂性能评价结果对该系列催化剂的碱性及其与OCM反应性能的关系进行了考察.结果表明,催化剂OCM反应性能与其酸碱性的强弱无简单的对应关系.     

碱金属醇盐甲醇羰基化催化剂活性研究

利用红外、气相色谱、色谱－质谱联用方法对甲醇羰基化反应过程中甲醇钾和甲醇钠催化剂的失活情况进行了研究。结果表明：在本研究条件下,甲醇钠（甲醇钾）催化剂活性在保持一段时间的稳定后,随反应时间的继续延长逐渐降低。导致催化剂活性降低的主要原因是甲醇钠（甲醇钾）可以直接与产物甲酸甲酯反应形成甲酸钠（甲酸钾）和二甲醚。甲酸钠对甲醇羰基化反应也具有一定的催化作用,但其活性远远低于甲醇钠。降低瓜在温度可以减缓催     

Mo/HZSM-5丙烷芳构化催化性能及其吸附量热的研究

采用等量浸渍法制得一系列不同担载量的Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂,运用ＸＲＤ和ＦＴＩＲ方法考察了Ｍｏ物种在催化剂表面的分散状态,首次采用微分吸一热技术对Ｍｏ／ＨｚＳＭ－５催化剂的表面酸性进行表征。同时研究了催化剂对丙烷芳构化的反应活性。结果表明：对于担载Ｍｏ的ＨＺＳＭ－５分子筛催化剂,Ｍｏ物种在ＨＺＳＭ－５分子筛表面上顺序为ＨＺＳＭ－５〉１％Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５〉２％Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５分子筛本身表面的酸     

Ethylene/1,3-Cyclohexadiene Copolymerization by Means of Methylaluminoxane Activated Half-Sandwich Complexes

Ethylene copolymerization with 1,3-cyclohexadiene (CHD) was investigated by using methylaluminoxane (MAO) activated single-site catalysts including bridged and non-bridged titanium half-sandwich and bimetallic cobalt(I) complexes. MAO activated CpTiCl₂[NP(^tBu)₃] (Cp = cyclopentadienyl, ^tBu = tert-butyl) gave high molecular weight CHD copolymers without encountering catalyst activity losses. According to the NMR microstructure investigation the resulting copolymers are highly regioregular.     

Morphology Evolution in the Early Stages of Olefin Polymerization

The olefin polymerizations were carried out by using silica supported metallocene/MAO catalysts and MgCl₂ supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts under mild reaction conditions and stopped at very low yield. The surface and cross sectional morphology of the polymer particles were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A homogeneous distribution of (co)catalyst on the support material is a prerequisite condition to get a homogeneous fragmentation and uniform polymer particle morphology. In the present work the catalysts show two different fragmentation behaviors. They can gradually fragment from the outer to the inner surface of the catalyst particle, or instantaneously break up into a large amount of small sub-particles at the beginning of the polymerization. The incorporation of comonomer does not change the general catalyst fragmentation scheme but delays the catalysts break-up progress.