RHIC能区Au+Au碰撞中集合径向流的研究

利用相对论量子分子动力学模型RQMD,对RHIC能区s=200A GeV Au+Au碰撞的集体膨胀效应进行了研究,对散射粒子的横质量谱进行了分析.研究表明,在RHIC能区的重离子反应中存在有强的集合径向流.对单粒子谱的拟合结果给出Au+Au的源冻结温度为160MeV,平均径向流速度为0.6c.     

高能e+e－湮没强子多重数的质量关系

利用一个描述强子质量谱成功的夸克模型确定出得到的强子多重数普适质量关系〈n〉=aexp(–bm)中的参数b,发现对于介子、重子是一个普适的常数.利用这个质量公式给出计算各种粒子多重数的表达式,进而以高能e⁺e^－湮没为例计算出各种粒子多重数与实验以及其他模型做了比较,表明这个没有任何假定的质量关系同样能够解释实验.     

A simple expression for the ADM mass

We show by an almost elementary calculation that the ADM mass of an asymptotically flat space can be computed as a limit involving a rate of change of area of a closed 2-surface. The result is essentially the same as that given by David Brown and York (Phys. Rev. D 55, 1977–1984 1997; Phys. Rev. D 47, 1407–1419 1993). We will prove this result in two ways, first by direct calculation from the original formula as given by Arnowitt, Deser and Misner and second as a corollary of an earlier result by Brewin for the case of simplicial spaces.     

Cooling,identification and spectroscopy of super-heavy element ions

We briefly discuss some possibilities for cooling, identification and spectroscopy of super-heavy element (SHE) ions based on recent results obtained from studies of atomic and molecular ions in linear rf traps. Since these investigations only relied on the charge and the mass of the ion of interest, we believe it should be straight forward to adopt most of the techniques for SHE ion research.     

Holography and Non-Locality in a Closed Vacuum-Dominated Universe

A closed vacuum-dominated Friedmann universe is asymptotic to a de Sitter space with a cosmological event horizon for any observer. The holographic principle says the area of the horizon in Planck units determines the maximum number of bits of information about the universe that will ever be available to any observer. The wavefunction describing the probability distribution of mass quanta associated with bits of information on the horizon is the boundary condition for the wavefunction specifying the probability distribution of mass quanta throughout the universe. Local interactions between mass quanta in the universe cause quantum transitions in the wavefunction specifying the distribution of mass throughout the universe, with instantaneous non-local effects throughout the universe.     

Three dimensional accurate morphology measurements of polystyrene standard particles on silicon substrate by electron tomography

Polystyrene latex (PSL) nanoparticle (NP) sample is one of the most widely used standard materials. It is used for calibration of particle counters and particle size measurement tools. It has been reported that the measured NP sizes by various methods, such as Differential Mobility Analysis, dynamic light scattering (DLS), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), differ from each other. Deformation of PSL NPs on mica substrate has been reported in AFM measurements: the lateral width of PSL NPs is smaller than their vertical height. To provide a reliable calibration standard, the deformation must be measured by a method that can reliably visualize the entire three dimensional (3D) shape of the PSL NPs. Here we present a method for detailed measurement of PSL NP 3D shape by means of electron tomography in a transmission electron microscope. The observed shape of the PSL NPs with 100 nm and 50 nm diameter were not spherical, but squished in direction perpendicular to the support substrate by about 7.4% and 12.1%, respectively. The high difference in surface energy of the PSL NPs and that of substrate together with their low Young modulus appear to explain the squishing of the NPs without presence of water film.     

岩体动力变形破坏的层次特性(英文)

岩体具有复杂的内部结构,内部结构对于岩土的力学性质具有决定性的影响.文章从岩体结构层次的角度研究了岩体的动力变形与破坏过程,在松弛模型的框架内研究了变形破坏的空间尺度与应变率之间的关系.讨论了裂纹传播速度与荷载强度之间的关系,研究了岩体变形破坏的层次特性.最后从岩体结构层次角度研究了岩体的破坏准则.研究表明:岩体的动力变形与破坏具有层次特性,这一层次特性依赖于外载的空间与时间特性、岩体的结构层次和岩体变形与破坏过程速度的有限性.时间准则与极限变形准则可以较好地描述岩体的动力破坏.     

Knockout reaction mechanism studied by ~6He projectile

Knockout reaction experiment was carried out by using the 6He beams at 61.2 MeV/u impinging on a CH2 target. The α core fragments at forward angles were detected in coincidence with the recoiled protons at larger angles. From this exclusive meas urement the valence nucleon knockout mechanism and the core knockout mechanism can be distinguished by the relation be tween the polar angles of the core fragments and the recoiled protons, respectively. It is demonstrated that the core knockout mechanism may result...     

不同堆构条件下颗粒柱有效质量的涨落

利用静态颗粒特性实验仪研究了不同堆构条件下颗粒柱有效质量的涨落.发现当只有一种颗粒堆构时涨落随着颗粒柱与颗粒的直径比的增大而减小,除此之外,当有不同颗粒堆构时涨落还随着不同大小颗粒的堆构位置而变化,可将这种现象的机理归结为颗粒柱中的颗粒数量的异同以及颗粒柱与限界之间摩擦力方向的不确定性.