Thermal stability of Li2O-SiO2-CaO-P2O5-F glass

Two glasses, the first one with the composition of Li₂O·2SiO₂ and the second one with the addition of CaO, P₂O₅ and CaF₂ in the stoichiometric ratio corresponding to fluoroapatite were prepared and their tendency to crystallize has been studied by non-isothermal DTA analysis. The values of kinetic parameters calculated using the isoconversional integral method have been used to determine the temperature dependencies of both the length of isothermal induction period and the length of overall isothermal crystallization for both glasses. The estimated dependencies indicate that the glass containing CaO, P₂O₅ and CaF₂ has a lower thermal stability.     

Magnetic microsphere-based methods to study the interaction of teicoplanin with peptides and bacteria

Teicoplanin (teic) from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus is a glycopeptide antibiotic used to treat many Gram-positive bacterial infections. Glycopeptide antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth by binding to carboxy-terminal d-Ala-d-Ala intermediates in the peptidoglycan of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. In this paper we report the derivatization of magnetic microspheres with teic (teic-microspheres). Fluorescence-based techniques have been developed to analyze the binding properties of the microspheres to two d-Ala-d-Ala terminus peptides. The dissociation constant for the binding of carboxyfluorescein-labeled d-Ala-d-Ala-d-Ala to teic on microspheres was established via fluorimetry and flow cytometry and was determined to be 0.5 × 10⁻⁶ and 3.0 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹, respectively. The feasibility of utilizing microparticles with fluorescence methods to detect low levels (the limit of bacterial detection was determined to be 30 colon-forming units; cfu) of Gram-positive bacteria has been demonstrated. A simple microfluidic experiment is reported to demonstrate the possibility of developing microsphere-based affinity assays to study peptide–antibiotic interaction.     

A comparative study of calibration transfer methods for determination of gasoline quality parameters in three different near infrared spectrometers

This work presents a comparative study of calibration transfer among three near infrared spectrometers for determination of naphthenes and RON (Research Octane Number) in gasoline. Seven transfer methods are compared: direct standardization (DS), piecewise direct standardization (PDS), orthogonal signal correction (OSC), reverse standardization (RS), piecewise reverse standardization (PRS), slope and bias correction (SBC) and model updating (MU). Two pre-treatment procedures, namely standard normal variate (SNV) and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), are also investigated. The choice of an appropriate number of transfer samples for each technique, as well as the effect of window size in PDS/PRS and OSC components, are discussed. A broad set of gasoline samples representative of the Northeastern states of Brazil is employed in the investigation. The results show that the use of calibration transfer yields prediction errors comparable to those obtained with complete recalibration of the secondary instrument. Overall, the results point to RS as the best method for the analytical problem under consideration. When storage and/or physical transportation of transfer samples are impractical, MU is more appropriate. The comprehensive investigation carried out in the present work will be of value for practitioners involved in networks of fuel monitoring.     

环状二聚三(邻甲基苄基)氢氧化锡的合成、结构及量子化学研究

三(邻甲基苄基)锡氯化锡在氢氧化钠溶液中水解, 合成了环状二聚三(邻甲基苄基)氢氧化锡, 经X射线衍射方法测定了化合物的晶体结构, 属三斜晶系, 空间群为P-1, 晶体学参数: a＝1.00530(18) nm, b＝1.03580(18) nm, c＝1.08182(18) nm, α＝90.151(3)°, β＝108.317(3)°, γ＝94.871(3)°, V＝1.0650(3) nm3, Z＝1, Dc＝1.380 g/cm3, m(Mo Kα)＝0.1205 cm－1, F(000)＝451, R1＝0.0330, Rw＝0.0822. 化合物为由Sn2O2构成的平面四元环结构, 锡原子为五配位的三角双锥构型. 对其结构进行量子化学从头计算, 探讨了化合物的稳定性、分子轨道能量以及一些前沿分子轨道的组成特征.     

水岩耦合变形破坏过程及机理研究进展

坝址水力劈裂、煤矿和隧道突水以及水力压裂工程都是岩体损伤演化积累诱发破坏 (灾变) 的过程,然而能否正确认识和评价这些过程取决于人们对水岩耦合变形破坏过程和机理的研究程度. 阐述了岩石渗流 --变形 --破坏特性及机理研究的进程, 侧重于物理实验成果. 综述了水岩耦合变形破坏过程分析模型和数值计算, 特别是有限单元法处理裂纹的思路, 并介绍了作者课题组近年来所取得的一些代表性成果. 给出了当前理论 (数值) 研究中所面临的几个具体问题和挑战, 并对今后研究工作进行了力所能及的展望.      

基于Hopf-Cole变换的Burgers方程初边值问题的Sinc-Galerkin法

利用Sinc-Galerkin法数值求解Burgers方程的初边值问题。首先,用Hopf-Cole变换将二阶非线性的Burgers方程变换为二阶线性方程,同时把第一类边界条件变为第二类边界条件。时间上的导数采用θ加权格式离散,空间导数采用Sinc-Galerkin法离散,端点处分别引入权函数处理变换后的第二类边界条件。最后,通过数值算例验证了Sinc-Galerkin法的指数收敛性,与精确解相比,本文构造的数值格式精度高,能够有效捕捉激波等物理现象。     

Metal‐Free Synthesis of Functional 1‐Substituted‐1,2,3‐Triazoles from Ethenesulfonyl Fluoride and Organic Azides

The boom in growth of 1,4‐disubstituted triazole products, in particular, since the early 2000’s, can be largely attributed to the birth of click chemistry and the discovery of the Cu^I‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). Yet the synthesis of relatively simple, albeit important, 1‐substituted‐1,2,3‐triazoles has been surprisingly more challenging. Reported here is a straightforward and scalable click‐inspired protocol for the synthesis of 1‐substituted‐1,2,3‐triazoles from organic azides and the bench stable acetylene surrogate ethenesulfonyl fluoride (ESF). The new transformation tolerates a wide selection of substrates and proceeds smoothly under metal‐free conditions to give the products in excellent yield. Under controlled acidic conditions, the 1‐substituted‐1,2,3‐triazole products undergo a Michael addition reaction with a second equivalent of ESF to give the unprecedented 1‐substituted triazolium sulfonyl fluoride salts.     

多体系统动力学微分／代数方程组数值方法

多体系统动力学微分／代数混合方程组又称Ｅｕｌｅｒ－ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ方程,是近十年来动力学和计算数学领域研究的热点之一．本文介绍这两个领域中引入的传统的数值积分方法与新的理论．