Template‐Free Fabrication of Hollow NiO–Carbon Hybrid Nanoparticle Aggregates with Improved Lithium Storage

Hollow NiO–carbon hybrid nanoparticle aggregates are fabricated through an environmental template‐free solvothermal alcoholysis route. Controlled hollow structure is achieved by adjusting the ratio of ethylene glycol to water and reaction time of solvothermal alcoholysis. Amorphous carbon can be loaded on the NiO nanoparticles uniformly in the solvothermal alcoholysis process, and the subsequent calcination results in the formation of hollow NiO–C hybrid nanoparticle aggregates. As anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, it exhibits a stable reversible capacity of 622 mAh g^?1, and capacity retention keeps over 90.7% after 100 cycles at constant current density of 200 mA g^?1. The NiO–C electrode also exhibits good rate capabilities. The unique hollow structures can shorten the length of Li‐ion diffusion and offer a sufficient void space, which sufficiently alleviates the mechanical stress caused by volume change. The hybrid carbon in the particles renders the electrode having a good electronic conductivity. Here, the hollow NiO‐C hybrid electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance.     

Characterization of LiBC by phase-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy

LiBC was used as a model compound for probing the applicability of phase-contrast (PC) imaging in an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to visualize lithium distributions. In the LiBC structure, boron and carbon are arranged to hetero graphite layers between which lithium is incorporated. The crystal structure is reflected in the PC-STEM images recorded perpendicular to the layers. The experimental images and their defocus dependence match with multi-slice simulations calculated utilizing the reciprocity principle. The observation that a part of the Li positions is not occupied is likely an effect of the intense electron beam triggering Li displacement.     

高压下超导体YBa2Cu3O7弹性性质的第一性原理研究

通过从头算密度泛函理论研究了YBa2Cu3O7的结构和弹性性质。发现c轴最容易压缩。另外,我们还计算了各种弹性性质与压强的关系,例如弹性模量,剪切模量,杨氏模量,泊松比。最后,我们获得了不同压强下的德拜温度和声速。     

使用PTB7作为阳极修饰层提高有机发光二极管的性能

采用poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-?uoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]](PTB7)作为有机发光二极管器件的阳极修饰层,制备了结构为indium tin oxide(ITO)/PTB7(不同浓度)/N,N’-Bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N’-bis(phenyl)benzidine(NPB,40 nm)/8-hydroxyquinoline(Alq3,60 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al的系列器件,同时研究了不同浓度的PTB7对器件性能的影响.PTB7的最佳浓度为0.25 mg/mL,器件性能得到明显的改善,起亮电压为4.3 V.当驱动电压为14.6 V时,最大亮度为45800 cd/m2,最大电流效率为9.1 cd/A.与没有PTB7修饰的器件相比,其起亮电压降低了1.9 V,最高亮度提升了78.5%.器件性能提高归因于PTB7的插入使得空穴注入和传输能力大大改善.     

Sr_2ZnSi_2O_7∶Eu~(3+)的低温合成与发光性能

以介孔二氧化硅MCM-41为硅源,采用低温水热反应与后续煅烧相结合的方法合成Sr2-xZnSi2O7∶xEu3+红色荧光粉。实验结果表明,150℃水热处理16 h后的反应产物含Sr2ZnSi2O7相,经后续950℃煅烧3h得到Sr2ZnSi2O7纯相。在392 nm近紫外光的有效激发下,Sr2-xZnSi2O7∶xEu3+荧光粉显示Eu3+离子的特征跃迁发射,以615 nm的5D0→7F2跃迁发射峰为最强。适量Eu3+的掺杂对Sr2ZnSi2O7相结构几乎没有影响,当Eu3+离子的掺杂量x=0.10时,荧光粉发光强度最大。     

InSb的锂嵌入形成能第一原理计算

InSb材料在近来的锂离子电池负极材料研究中受到了重视.使用基于局域密度泛函理论的第一原理赝势法，计算了锂离子电池非碳类负极材料InSb各种锂嵌入情况时的形成能以及相应的电子结构.讨论了锂嵌入时的体积变化、能带结构、电子态密度以及电荷分布等性质.计算发现，闪锌矿结构的InSb材料，锂嵌入到主体材料的间隙位置时的形成能平均每个锂原子都在2.2eV左右. 关键词： InSb 锂嵌入形成能 电子结构 第一原理计算     

类水滑石Ti/Li/Al-LDHs的制备及其CO_2吸附性能

采用共沉淀法制备了一系列新型的类水滑石Ti/Li/Al-LDHs材料,通过原子吸收光谱(AAS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析(TG)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等技术对其进行了表征,研究了不同金属元素比例和焙烧温度对该Ti/Li/Al-LDHs材料的结构、形貌及其CO_2吸附性能的影响。结果表明,当Ti/Li/Al比为1∶3∶4时,水滑石Ti/Li/AlLDHs的结晶度最好,形貌最规整,而Ti/Li/Al比为1∶3∶2、300℃下焙烧后得到的Ti_1Li_3Al_2-LDHs_(300)的CO_2吸附性能最好。Ti_1Li_3Al_2-LDHs_(300)上CO_2吸附量可达53.5 mg/g,10次循环吸附后,CO_2吸附量仅下降了2.4%。     

Low Temperature Heat Capacities and Thermodynamic Properties of Zinc L-Threonate Zn(C_4H_7O_5)_2(s) by Adiabatic Calorimetry

Low-temperature heat capacities of the solid compound Zn(C4H7O5)2(s) were measured in a temperature range from 78 to 374 K, with an automated adiabatic calorimeter. A solid-to-solid phase transition occurred in the temperature range of 295?322 K. The peak temperature, the enthalpy, and entropy of the phase transition were determined to be (316.269±1.039) K, (11.194±0.335) kJ?mol-1, and (35.391±0.654) J?K-1?mol-1, respectively. The experimental values of the molar heat capacities in the temperature regions o...     

Insight into the π‐hole···π‐electrons tetrel bonds between F2ZO (Z = C,Si, Ge) and unsaturated hydrocarbons

The intermolecular π‐hole···π‐electrons interactions between F₂ZO (Z = C, Si, Ge) molecules and unsaturated hydrocarbons including acetylene, ethylene, 1,3‐butadiene and benzene were constructed to reveal the differences of tetrel bonds forming by carbon and heavier tetrel atoms. The ab initio computation in association with topological analysis of electron density, natural bond orbital, and energy decomposition analysis demonstrate that the strength of Si···π and Ge···π tetrel bonds is much stronger than that of C···π tetrel bonds. The Si···π and Ge···π tetrel bonds exhibit covalent or partially covalent interaction nature, while the weak C···π tetrel bonds display the hallmarks of noncovalent interaction, the electrostatic interaction is the primary influencing factor. The Si···π and Ge···π interactions are determined by both the σ‐ and π‐electron densities, while the C···π interactions are dominated mainly by the π‐electron densities. The π‐hole···π‐electrons tetrel bonds are dominated by electrostatic interaction, and polarization has a comparable contribution in the Si···π and Ge···π tetrel bonds.