全文获取类型
收费全文 | 90325篇 |
免费 | 11520篇 |
国内免费 | 6673篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 88453篇 |
晶体学 | 1433篇 |
力学 | 1715篇 |
综合类 | 173篇 |
数学 | 7004篇 |
物理学 | 9740篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 46篇 |
2023年 | 326篇 |
2022年 | 735篇 |
2021年 | 907篇 |
2020年 | 1360篇 |
2019年 | 3957篇 |
2018年 | 2992篇 |
2017年 | 4299篇 |
2016年 | 3964篇 |
2015年 | 5983篇 |
2014年 | 5982篇 |
2013年 | 9358篇 |
2012年 | 7013篇 |
2011年 | 6806篇 |
2010年 | 5492篇 |
2009年 | 5672篇 |
2008年 | 6125篇 |
2007年 | 5507篇 |
2006年 | 5153篇 |
2005年 | 4808篇 |
2004年 | 4166篇 |
2003年 | 3631篇 |
2002年 | 4007篇 |
2001年 | 2323篇 |
2000年 | 2195篇 |
1999年 | 1262篇 |
1998年 | 706篇 |
1997年 | 551篇 |
1996年 | 457篇 |
1995年 | 478篇 |
1994年 | 402篇 |
1993年 | 353篇 |
1992年 | 313篇 |
1991年 | 226篇 |
1990年 | 135篇 |
1989年 | 126篇 |
1988年 | 117篇 |
1987年 | 70篇 |
1986年 | 60篇 |
1985年 | 68篇 |
1984年 | 55篇 |
1983年 | 24篇 |
1982年 | 58篇 |
1981年 | 54篇 |
1980年 | 34篇 |
1979年 | 62篇 |
1978年 | 24篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 16篇 |
1973年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
以硝酸铕、2-(4-氟代苯甲酰基)苯甲酸(HL)、1,10-菲咯啉(Phen)和三苯基氧膦(TPPO)合成了EuL3(H2O)6,EuL3Phen(H2O)4和EuL3(TPPO)(H2O)5三种固态配合物。用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对配合物进行了组分确定和结构表征。IR表明,2-(4-氟代苯甲酰基)苯甲酸与Eu3+形成配合物后,位于1 692 cm-1处羧基的νCO峰消失,2 500~3 200 cm-1处羧基的νO—H峰也消失,出现了羧酸盐特有的反对称伸缩振动吸收峰(νas(CO-2))和对称伸缩振动吸收峰(νs(CO-2)),且Δν(νas(CO-2)-νs(CO-2))与钠盐的Δν相近,说明羧酸根与Eu3+以对称双齿桥式配位。在1H NMR中,形成配合物后第一配体苯环上的质子峰变为宽峰且移向高场,Phen和TPPO中质子化学位移移向低场。室温下测定了配合物的荧光激发光谱和发射光谱,激发光谱表明配合物EuL3(H2O)6,EuL3Phen(H2O)4和EuL3(TPPO)(H2O)5的最佳激发波长分别为353.0,355.0和357.0 nm;发射光谱均显示Eu3+离子的特征发射光谱,且表明Phen对Eu3+离子的荧光发射有明显增强作用。 相似文献
992.
Mourad Benlamri Kyle M. Bothe Alex M. Ma Gem Shoute Amir Afshar Himani Sharma Arash Mohammadpour Manisha Gupta Kenneth C. Cadien Ying Y. Tsui Karthik Shankar Douglas W. Barlage 《固体物理学:研究快报》2014,8(10):871-875
A high effective electron mobility of 33 cm2 V–1 s–1 was achieved in solution‐processed undoped zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films. The introduction of silicon nitride (Si3N4) as growth substrate resulted in a mobility improvement by a factor of 2.5 with respect to the commonly used silicon oxide (SiO2). The solution‐processed ZnO thin films grown on Si3N4, prepared by low‐pressure chemical vapor deposition, revealed bigger grain sizes, lower strain and better crystalline quality in comparison to the films grown on thermal SiO2. These results show that the nucleation and growth mechanisms of solution‐processed films are substrate dependent and affect the final film structure accordingly. The substantial difference in electron mobilities suggests that, in addition to the grain morphology and crystalline structure effects, defect chemistry is a contributing factor that also depends on the particular substrate. In this respect, interface trap densities measured in high‐κ HfO2/ZnO MOSCAPs were about ten times lower in those fabricated on Si3N4 substrates. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
993.
994.
以MCM-41为硅源,在800~1 100℃下合成了Ba1.2Ca0.64SiO4:0.10Eu,0.06Mn荧光粉,研究了煅烧温度对荧光粉发光性能的影响。实验结果表明,Eu2+的蓝绿光发射带的强度与宽度随煅烧温度的升高先增大后减小,在1 000℃时强度达到最大。最大发射峰位随温度的升高而发生红移,由800℃和900℃时的450 nm移至1 000℃和1 100℃时的480 nm。Mn2+的红光发射起源于Eu2+发射光的激发,其强度随温度的升高而增大。与Mn2+发生能量传递作用的Eu2+主要位于10配位的M(1)格位。 相似文献
995.
Xinyi Liu Ying Tang Weiyu Ning Yihong Bao Ting Luo Jinling Wang 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(9)
This study aimed to elucidate the responses of a novel characterized Issatchenkia terricola WJL-G4 against citric acid stress by performing physiological analysis, morphology observation, and structural and membrane fatty acid composition analysis. The results showed that under citric acid stress, the cell vitality of I. terricola WJL-G4 was reduced. The cell morphology changed with the unclear, uncompleted and thinner cell wall, and degraded the cell structure. When the citric acid concentration was 20 g/L, I. terricola WJL-G4 could tolerate citric acid and maintain the cell structure by increasing the intracellular pH, superoxide dismutase activity, and contents of unsaturated fatty acids. As the citric acid concentration was ≥80 g/L, the stress has exceeded the cellular anti-stress ability, causing substantial cell damage. The cell membrane permeability, the content of membrane lipids, malondialdehyde and superoxide anion increased, but the intracellular pH and superoxide dismutase activities decreased, accompanying the increase of citric acid concentrations. The findings of this work provided a theoretical basis for the responsive mechanism of I. terricola WJL-G4 under high concentrations of citric acid, and can serve as a reference for biological acid reduction in fruit processing. 相似文献
996.
Structural stability in terms of the decomposition temperature in LiMn2O4 was systematically investigated by a series of high-temperature and high-pressure experiments.LiMn2O4 was found to have structural stability up to 5 GPa at room temperature.Under ambient pressure,the compound decomposed at 1300℃.The decomposition temperature decreased with increasing pressure,yielding more complex decomposed products.Below the decomposition temperature,the crystal structure of LiMn2O4 varied with pressure.The presented results in this study offer new insights into the thermal and pressure stability of LiMn2O4 materials as a cathode for lithium-ion batteries that can operate under extreme conditions.Therefore,these findings may serve as a useful guide for future work for improving lithium-ion batteries. 相似文献
997.
用高温固相法合成了红色长余辉发光材料LiAl5O8:Mn4+,Li5AlO4:Mn4+,LiAlO2:Mn4+,发现前两种材料有红色余辉,这方面并没有报道过,并对这两种材料的发光性能作了研究,指明了不同基质中发光强弱不同原因。对不同Mn4+掺杂浓度的材料做了浓度依赖关系研究,确认Mn4+的发光是2E→4A2的跃迁。Mn4+的发光是个宽带谱,材料在紫外区有强的吸收,发射谱范围可达620~770nm,峰值在675nm。对长余辉机制进行了探讨。 相似文献
998.
The work function of hydrothermally synthesized UO2 and the implications for semiconductor device fabrication 下载免费PDF全文
Christopher Young James Petrosky J. Matthew Mann Eric M. Hunt David Turner Tony Kelly 《固体物理学:研究快报》2016,10(9):687-690
The photoelectric work function of nearly stoichiometric (111) and (100) hydrothermally grown UO2 was measured to be 6.28 ± 0.36 eV and 5.80 ± 0.36 eV, respectively. Candidate metals for electrical contacts are identified for both rectifying and non‐rectifying contacts based on work function, lattice compatibility, and electrical conductivity. 相似文献
999.
A novel route for preparing PbWO4–TiO2 nanofilms on a glass substrate is firstly proposed. The collodion is used as a dispersant and film-forming agent. The nanofilms are characterized through SEM, XRD, TG/DTA, PL and IR, respectively. The results of XRD indicate PbWO4 particles with tetragonal scheelite structure and TiO2 particles with Anatase phase, and SEM shows they are well dispersed in the substrate. Compared with nanoparticles, when TiO2 nanoparticles are added in 5% ratio, the PL intensities at 395 nm of PbWO4 nanofilms are enhanced obviously. IR spectrum reveals a large absorption band between 750 and 870 cm−1, which is the W–O stretching vibration in WO4 tetrahedron. 相似文献
1000.
利用水平式低压热壁CVD (LP-HW-CVD) 生长系统,台阶控制生长和衬底旋转等优化技术,在偏晶向的4H-SiC Si(0001) 晶面衬底上进行4H-SiC同质外延生长,生长温度和压力分别为1550℃和104 Pa,用高纯N2作为n型掺杂剂的4H-SiC原位掺杂技术,生长速率控制在5μm/h左右.采用扫描电镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM),傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和Hg/4H-SiC肖特基结构对同质外延表面形貌、厚度、掺杂浓度以及均匀性进行了测试.实验结果表明,4H-SiC同质外延在表面无明显缺陷,厚度均匀性1.74%, 1.99% 和1.32%(σ/mean),掺杂浓度均匀性为3.37%,2.39%和2.01%.同种工艺条件下,样品间的厚度和掺杂浓度误差为1.54%和3.63%,有很好的工艺可靠性.
关键词:
4H-SiC
同质外延生长
水平热壁CVD
均匀性 相似文献