全文获取类型
收费全文 | 42801篇 |
免费 | 4195篇 |
国内免费 | 6904篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 36236篇 |
晶体学 | 1422篇 |
力学 | 846篇 |
综合类 | 260篇 |
数学 | 5025篇 |
物理学 | 10111篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 85篇 |
2023年 | 467篇 |
2022年 | 1041篇 |
2021年 | 992篇 |
2020年 | 1284篇 |
2019年 | 1338篇 |
2018年 | 1099篇 |
2017年 | 1452篇 |
2016年 | 1499篇 |
2015年 | 1509篇 |
2014年 | 1971篇 |
2013年 | 3655篇 |
2012年 | 2475篇 |
2011年 | 2912篇 |
2010年 | 2477篇 |
2009年 | 2807篇 |
2008年 | 2951篇 |
2007年 | 2858篇 |
2006年 | 2600篇 |
2005年 | 2453篇 |
2004年 | 2215篇 |
2003年 | 1840篇 |
2002年 | 1818篇 |
2001年 | 1343篇 |
2000年 | 1294篇 |
1999年 | 1045篇 |
1998年 | 917篇 |
1997年 | 790篇 |
1996年 | 667篇 |
1995年 | 645篇 |
1994年 | 589篇 |
1993年 | 493篇 |
1992年 | 394篇 |
1991年 | 290篇 |
1990年 | 210篇 |
1989年 | 220篇 |
1988年 | 176篇 |
1987年 | 115篇 |
1986年 | 117篇 |
1985年 | 114篇 |
1984年 | 95篇 |
1983年 | 65篇 |
1982年 | 73篇 |
1981年 | 78篇 |
1980年 | 80篇 |
1979年 | 72篇 |
1978年 | 52篇 |
1977年 | 38篇 |
1976年 | 24篇 |
1973年 | 25篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
62.
Traveling wave Ti:LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder optical modulators with buried electrodes and etched grooves in the SiO2 buffer layer are analyzed by the finite element method. The tradeoff between the bandwidth BW and the half-wave voltage Vπ is discussed. The value of BW/Vπ is used to weight the total performance of the modulator. Taking a thick buffer layer and etching deep grooves in the buffer layer are demonstrated as two effective methods to improve the performance of the modulator. A 3-dB optical bandwidth of 18 GHz with half-wave voltage 5V at a wavelength of 1.55 pm could be obtained even though the electrode is not very thick. When the requirement of half-wave voltage is not very critical, a bandwidth of more than 100 GHz can be obtained. 相似文献
63.
This Review discusses the synthesis and characterization by our Group of new antibiotics belonging to the class of penicillins, cephalosporins and rifamycins with ferrocenyl and 1, 1′-ferrocenilene residues in the molecule. As reactants for 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) and 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) the following were used: 1, 1-bis(chlorocarbonyl)ferrocene, ferrocenyl sulfochloride, 1, 1′-ferrocenylenedisulfochloride and thioglycolic acids S-modified with ferrocene. In the synthesis of rifamycins, the hydrazides of the thioglycolic acids, S-modified with ferrocene, were employed as nucleophilic agents. The synthesized intermediates were characterized by elemental analysis, TLC, IR, UV and 1H NMR spectra. The characterization of new antibiotics was made by TLC, IR and UV spectral analysis. Biological activity was tested on Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Good activity is reported towards Gram-positive bacteria in the case of derivatives containing residues of thioglycolic acid S-modified with ferrocene, the antibacterial activity being similar to that of amoxicillin, carbenicillin and cephalothin. All compounds are inactive towards Gram-negative bacteria. 相似文献
64.
以Nd:MgO:LiNbO_3同时兼作激活介质和非线性光学材料,研究自倍频激光器。用小型氙灯泵浦,在室温下获得二次谐波激光(0.547μm) 阈值小于4.8'J,最大输出400μJ/shot,工作温度范围大于20℃~45℃,无光损伤。 相似文献
65.
微微秒自动调谐参量激光的研究 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
采用一对MgO:LiNbO_3角度调谐覆盖了红近外波段0.7~2.2μm,并配以自动波长扫描。文中分析了影响脉冲宽度与线宽的因素,与实验结果相吻合。脉宽<30ps,线宽~1nm(简并波长附近~10nm),单脉冲峰功率达MW级,参量光总能量转换效率达5.4%。 相似文献
66.
Sheng‐Huei Hsiao Chien‐Wei Chen Guey‐Sheng Liou 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(13):3302-3313
Two new diamines, 2,4‐diaminotriphenylamine ( 3 ) and N‐(2,4‐diaminophenyl)carbazole ( 4 ), were synthesized via the cesium fluoride‐mediated aromatic substitution reactions of 1‐fluoro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene with diphenylamine and carbazole, followed by palladium‐catalyzed hydrazine reduction. Amorphous and soluble aramids having pendent diphenylamino and carbazolyl groups were prepared by the phosphorylation polycondensation of aromatic dicarboxylic acids with diamines 3 and 4 , respectively. The aramids derived from diamine 3 had sufficiently high molecular weights to permit the casting of flexible and tough films. They exhibited excellent mechanical properties and moderately high softening temperatures in the 221–298 °C range. However, the reactions of diamine 4 with aromatic diacids gave relatively lower molecular weights products that could not afford flexible films. For a comparative purpose, the parent aramids derived from m‐phenylenediamine and aromatic diacids were also prepared and characterized. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3302–3313, 2004 相似文献
67.
Perch Melik-Adamyan 《Complex Analysis and Operator Theory》2007,1(3):423-438
An analog of the Kreĭn–Saakyan formula is derived for any pair of relatively prime self-adjoint extensions of a minimal symmetric
canonical differential operator. This allows us to deduce a trace formula in the matrix case.
I am grateful to Sh. Saakyan for his interest in this work and lively discussion.
Received: December 8, 2006. Accepted: December 30, 2006. 相似文献
68.
A palladium‐TPPTS catalyst heterogenized on KF/alumina has been shown to be effective and recyclable for the selective formation of monooctadienylxylopyranosides via the telomerization of butadiene with D ‐xylose. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
69.
Let G(x,y) and GD(x,y) be the Green functions of rotationally invariant symmetric α-stable process in Rd and in an open set D, respectively, where 0<α<2. The inequality GD(x,y)GD(y,z)/GD(x,z)?c(G(x,y)+G(y,z)) is a very useful tool in studying (local) Schrödinger operators. When the above inequality is true with c=c(D)∈(0,∞), then we say that the 3G theorem holds in D. In this paper, we establish a generalized version of 3G theorem when D is a bounded κ-fat open set, which includes a bounded John domain. The 3G we consider is of the form GD(x,y)GD(z,w)/GD(x,w), where y may be different from z. When y=z, we recover the usual 3G. The 3G form GD(x,y)GD(z,w)/GD(x,w) appears in non-local Schrödinger operator theory. Using our generalized 3G theorem, we give a concrete class of functions belonging to the non-local Kato class, introduced by Chen and Song, on κ-fat open sets. As an application, we discuss relativistic α-stable processes (relativistic Hamiltonian when α=1) in κ-fat open sets. We identify the Martin boundary and the minimal Martin boundary with the Euclidean boundary for relativistic α-stable processes in κ-fat open sets. Furthermore, we show that relative Fatou type theorem is true for relativistic stable processes in κ-fat open sets. The main results of this paper hold for a large class of symmetric Markov processes, as are illustrated in the last section of this paper. We also discuss the generalized 3G theorem for a large class of symmetric stable Lévy processes. 相似文献
70.
Teruyuki Yorioka 《Mathematical Logic Quarterly》2006,52(2):203-216
We prove the iteration lemmata, which are the key lemmata to show that extensions by Pmax variations satisfy absoluteness for Π2-statements in the structure 〈H (ω 2), ∈, NSω 1, R 〉 for some set R of reals in L (ℝ), for the following statements: (1) The cofinality of the null ideal is ℵ1. (2) There exists a good basis of the strong measure zero ideal. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献