原子吸收分光光度法测定钢铁中的铬

在稀硝酸介质中,不需分离其它干扰杂质,用原子吸收分光光度法直接测定中、低合金钢中的铬。该法测定铬的特征浓度(灵敏度)为0.08μg/mL,铬含量在0~6μg/mL内与吸光度线性相关,检出限为0.003μg/mL。该法测定速度快,与标准法测定结果的相对误差在±4.6%以内,回收率为97%~115%。     

柱前衍生—反相高效液相色谱法测定钢铁及合金中铌

建立了反相液相色谱法测定钢铁及合金中铌的分析方法。采用HNO3 HF H2 SO4 溶解样品 ,用酒石酸络合铌 ,以 2 (5 溴 2 吡啶偶氮 ) 5 二乙基氨基酚为柱前衍生试剂 ,在C18柱上用甲醇 水 (体积比为 5 6∶4 4 )为流动相 ,其中含 0 .0 1mol·L- 1pH为 3.5的HOAc NaOAc缓冲液。在60 0nm处测定了铌的配合物 ,方法检出限为 1.5 μg·g- 1。应用此法直接测定了合金铸铁和中低合金钢样品中铌 ,其加标回收率为 96.8%～ 10 3.2 %     

镧、铈、钕在722M24钢离子氮化中的作用

将纯稀土金属镧、铈、钕分别放入离子氮化炉中作为溅射源,对722M24钢进行离子氮化,用扫描电镜进行了氮化代表层物相的二次电子象观察,并用能谱仪、二次离子质谱仪、X射线衍射仪和辉光放电光谱仪对氮化表层进行了元素分析及物相结构分析,显微硬度计测量了加不同稀土氮化后沿氮化层的分布,稀土元素在不同程度上影响辉光发电特笥,稀土金属离子氮化时部分溅射并沉积在钢的表面,从而影响了氮化效果,不同稀土元素在离子氮化中的作用有所不同。     

Adsorption Activity and Molecular Dynamics Study on Anti-corrosion Mechanism of Q235 Steel

The correlation between inhibition efficiency and molecular structures of the inhibitor during hydrochloric acid corrosion of Q235 steel was studied by quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics(MD) simulation. The proton affinity(PA) calculations demonstrated that 2-(quinolin-2-yl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one inhibitor has the tendency to be protonated in hydrochloric acid, which was in good agreement with experimental observations. Besides, quantum chemical parameters revealed that the protonated corrosion inhibitor molecules were more easily adsorbed on Q235 steel surface and improved the corrosion resistance of steel. MD simulations were implemented to search for the adsorption behavior of this molecule on Fe (110) surface, which might be used as a convenient tool for estimating the interaction mechanism between inhibitor and iron surface.     

Cr12MoV钢表面磁控溅射Ti/TiN涂层的摩擦磨损性能研究

采用非平衡磁控溅射方法在Cr12MoV钢表面制备了厚度约为3 μm的Ti/TiN涂层,测定了涂层的显微硬度,并通过划痕试验和摩擦磨损试验考察了涂层同基体的结合强度及其摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:Ti/TiN涂层能够显著提高Cr12MoV钢的表面硬度和承载能力;涂层同Cr12MoV钢基体的结合强度较高,划痕临界载荷高于60 N;与此同时,磁控溅射Ti/TiN涂层可以显著改善Cr12MoV钢的耐磨性能.这是由于磁控溅射Ti/TiN涂层硬度高且与Cr12MoV钢基体的结合强度较高所致.     

Ultrafine grain formation and coating mechanism arising from a blast coating process: A transmission electron microscopy analysis

This article examines the substrate/coating interface of a coating deposited onto mild steel and stainless steel substrates using an ambient temperature blast coating technique known as CoBlast. The process uses a coincident stream of an abrasive blast medium and coating medium particles to modify the substrate surface. The hypothesis for the high bond strength is that the abrasive medium roughens the surface while simultaneously disrupting the passivating oxide layer of the substrate, thereby exposing the reactive metal that then reacts with the coating medium. The aim of this study is to provide greater insight into the coating/substrate bonding mechanism by analysing the interface between a hydroxyapatite coating on both mild and stainless steel substrates. The coating adhesion was measured via a tensile test, and bond strengths of approximately 45 MPa were measured. The substrate/coating interface was examined using transmission electron microscopy and selected area diffraction. The analysis of the substrate/coating interface revealed the presence of ultrafine grains in both the coating and substrate at interface associated with deformation at the interface caused by particle impaction during deposition. The chemical reactivity resulting from the creation of these ultrafine grains is proposed to explain the high adhesive strength of CoBlast coatings.     

载波钝化和钼酸盐后处理对不锈钢钝化膜性能的影响

一般认为交流电对金属的腐蚀过程具有加速作用,但我们发现,在直流电位基础上叠加适当波形、幅值和频率的交流电对不锈钢进行载波钝化,尔后再进行适当后处理可使钝化膜的稳定性提高,我们曾就不经后处理的载波钝化过程进行过探讨,本文着重探讨钼酸盐后处理对载波钝化膜表面状态和化学稳定性改善的作用机理。     

32Cr2MoVA合金结构钢标准物质的研制

本标准物质系合金钢。主要成份有碳、硅、锰、磷、硫、铬、镍、钼、钒,同时还含有锡、铅、砷、锑、铋等微量元素,每种元素成份都具有良好的线性关系。它可作为量值传递和仲裁分析的依据,同时也可用于校验分析仪器与分析方法的正确性和可靠性。     

波形钢腹板箱梁的约束扭转剪应力分析

基于周边不变形理论,结合闭口薄壁杆件约束扭转的计算分析,研究了波形钢腹板箱梁在约束扭转时混凝土悬臂板上扭转剪应力的分布,并进行了计算.通过对悬臂板在约束扭转中剪力流计算公式的推导,进一步阐述了其自由扭转剪应力及翘曲扭转剪应力的分布,指出了相关文献在这部分计算中存在的问题.通过一个简支波形钢腹板组合箱梁算例,将该文方法计算结果与ANSYS有限元计算结果进行比较.结果表明:在波形钢腹板箱梁截面中,主要由波形钢腹板承受扭转剪应力,其次是混凝土底板,底板剪应力最大值发生在底板中心处,其数值近似等于腹板剪应力的一半,而混凝土顶板和悬臂部分的扭转剪应力很小;该文计算的扭转剪应力结果在总体上符合有限元得到的扭转剪应力分布规律,在悬臂自由端为0,随着离开悬臂自由端距离的增大,扭转剪应力逐渐增大并达到峰值.     

液体炸药滑移内爆加载下钢管的变形与层裂破坏研究

用液体炸药滑移内爆加载方式,研究了不同炸药厚度和外壳条件下20钢圆管的内聚变形和破坏特征。实验中,钢管发生了较大径向应变,应变值大致随炸药厚度的增加而线性增大。在炸药厚度不低于3mm时钢管变形均匀,轴对称较好;药厚小于3mm时其变形不再是基本轴对称收缩,管子表面出现扭转褶皱。各种装药厚度下,均未观察到预期的层裂破坏。对未层裂的原因进行了初步分析。