MgSO4-K2SO4-H2O三元体系在75 ℃沸腾蒸发非平衡态的成盐特征

采用105 ℃恒温热源, 75 ℃恒温沸腾, 蒸发强度为240～260 g/(h·L)等控制条件, 对MgSO4-K2SO4-H2O体系进行蒸发结晶实验, 研究了该体系在沸腾蒸发条件下的成盐规律, 根据实验现象, 定义并确定了实验条件下的初级成盐区, 扩展成盐区和条件成盐区. 实验结果表明: (1)该体系K2SO4, Leonite, langbenite和MgSO4·H2O等盐能够形成初级晶核的初级成盐区与溶解平衡相区存在明显偏离, 其中K2SO4成盐区域缩小, 而Leonite和MgSO4·H2O结晶区域均有不同程度的增大; (2) 在蒸发结晶过程中, 成盐晶种的存在使该盐的成盐区比初级成盐区有所扩展; (3) 由于成盐区的扩展, 使成盐区域出现不同程度的交错. 在交错区域成盐的种类取决于晶种的种类, 即存在条件成盐区, 这是非平衡态成盐相关系区别于平衡相图和介稳相图的特征区域.     

Synthesis of 6-methyl-6H-indolo[3,2-c]isoquinoline and 6-methyl-6H-indolo[2,3-c]isoquinoline: two new unnatural isoquinoline isomers of the cryptolepine series

11H-indolo[3,2-c]isoquinoline has been synthesized in two steps starting from 4-bromoisoquinoline and 2-bromoaniline via a selective Buchwald-Hartwig reaction followed by a Pd-catalyzed intramolecular direct arylation involving C(sp²)-H activation. The synthesis of 7H-indolo[2,3-c]isoquinoline was achieved by a combination of a Suzuki reaction with an intramolecular nitrene insertion reaction starting from 4-bromoisoquinoline and {2-[(2,2-dimethylpropanoyl)amino]phenyl}boronic acid. Selective methylation of the tetracyclic skeletons yielded the title compounds 6-methyl-6H-indolo[3,2-c]isoquinoline and 6-methyl-6H-indolo[2,3-c]isoquinoline, which have never been described in the literature before.     

多模叠加态|Ψe4,Ⅲ〉q中广义电场分量的N次方H压缩

利用多模压缩态理论,详细研究了由多模偶相干态和多模虚偶相干态的线性叠加所组成的一种新型的四态叠加多模叠加态光场|Ψ_e⁴,Ⅲ〉_q中广义电场分量的等幂次N次方H压缩特性结果表明:1)在腔模总数q与压缩次数N的乘积q·N=4m(m=1,2,3,…)的条件下,态|Ψ_e⁴,Ⅲ〉_q的广义电场分量可恒处于等幂次NH最小测不准态2)在q·N=4m’+2(m’=0,1,2,…)的条件下,当态间的初始相位差(θ₁-θ₂)、各模的初始相位和 φ_j,以及各模平均光子数之总和 R_j²等分别满足一定的取值条件时,态|Ψ_e⁴,Ⅲ〉_q的广义电场分量总可呈现出周期性变化的偶数次的等幂次N次方H压缩效应.