生态环境系统中一类相互作用生态种群的动态优化与控制(英文)

生态环境系统是一个复杂的有待于综合运用生物科学、环境科学、信息科学、数学科学与计算机科学深入研究的信息系统.而其中对生态系统宏观优化调控决策的研究已成为了近年来国内、外数学与生态学工作者深入探讨的一大课题.基于当前生态种群研究须向宏观与微观两极纵深发展、延伸以及数量种群生态学复杂系统建模的需要,本文通过对一类具有竞争机理局部稳定的两种相互作用生态种群模型保解析性及其宏观优化调控的讨论,进一步将生态环境系统的调控严谨化,给一类生态系统的动态分析与调控优化提供了很有价值的方法与手段.这不仅对于两种相互竞争和互惠互存的生态系统的建模与分析具有重要意义,而且对于更为复杂的生态环境系统的动态分析与宏观调控也具有较大的指导作用与应用价值.     

Y(PV)O_4:Eu~(3+)荧光粉表面包覆Y(OH)_3的性能

采用化学共沉淀法对Y(PV)O4∶Eu3+荧光粉进行表面包膜处理,获得了表面均匀包覆Y(OH)3膜层的Y(PV)O4∶Eu3+荧光粉。用SEM、XRD等手段对其表面形貌、晶格结构性能进行了表征。结果表明:在Y(PV)O4∶Eu3+粉体表面均匀包覆Y(OH)3膜层后,Y(PV)O4∶Eu3+的晶格结构、发光性能没有改变,亮度较未包覆的荧光粉有较大提高,且没有发生色坐标偏移现象。     

One-step Synthesis of ε-Caprolactam by the Liquid Phase Nitrosation of Cyciohexane over the Catalysts Containing CH3COO-or-COOH

ε-Caprolactam（CL or CPL） is one of the most important intermediates used in polymer industry for the production of several million tons of nylon-6 every year^[1]. All current commercial processes for the production of caprolactam are based on either benzene or tolueneI21. Caprolactam is synthesized by the Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime with fuming sulfuric acid or sulfuric acid as the reaction medium, and cyclohexanone oxime is produced by the reaction between cyclohexanone and hydro- xylamine（only one exception is the Toray PNC process）.     

超细Y2O3：Eu荧光粉的阴极射线发光和光致发光

本文首次报道由尿素溶胶法制备的球形、超细(120~250nm)高效Y2O3:Eu红色荧光粉的晶体结构及其阴极射线发光和光致发光性质.这种超细颗粒在254nm激发时的发光强度比商用的传统微米样品低.但在中等电压(≤10kV)的电子束激发下,其阴极射线发光强度超过商用微米样品.这种接近纳米的Y2O3:Eu超细颗粒已表现出较强的表面效应.对实验结果进行了分析和讨论.     

Hydrothermal Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Cobalt（Ⅱ） Complexes Constructed by Dipyrido[3,2-a：2＇,3＇-c]phenazine and Different Carboxylate Ligands

Two new metal-organic complexes,{[Co2(bptc)(DPPZ)2(H2O)2]·H2O}n 1 and {[Co2(ccm)2(DPPZ)2]·2H2O}n 2,were obtained by the hydrothermal reactions of Co(NO3)2·6H2O with chelating ligand dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine(DPPZ) and the corresponding carboxylic acid,namely,3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid(H4bptc) or 2-carboxycinnamic acid(H2ccm),respectively.The complexes were structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analyses,IR spectra,and thermal gravimetry.1 presents unique chiral chain structures,which are further consolidated into three-dimensional supramolecular frameworks via noncovalent bonds,such as hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions.2 features infinite double-chain structures,which are connected by strong π-π interactions to result in three-dimensional supramolecular architectures.     

两种非对称芳基二噻吩并[2,3-b:3',2'-d]噻吩的合成与光谱特性

合成了两种非对称芳基取代的并三噻吩化合物.以2-溴-5-三甲基硅-二噻吩并[2,3-b:3',2'-d]噻吩为原料,经脱除四甲基硅烷(TMS)和Suzuki偶联两步反应制备了2-噻吩基二噻吩并[2,3-b:3',2'-d]噻吩,总产率为67.4%;以2-苯基二噻吩并[2,3-b:3',2'-d]噻吩为原料,经N-溴代琥...     

白光LED用Na0.35BaMo8O16：Eu3+荧光粉的发光性质

采用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备了Eu³⁺掺杂的新型钼酸盐基Na_0.35BaMo₈O₁₆红色荧光粉。利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱等方法对荧光粉的结构、形貌及组成进行了表征。结果表明,经800℃退火可以得到表面光滑基本呈长方体结构的Na_0.35BaMo₈O₁₆:Eu³⁺样品。在614 nm波长光的监测下,Na_0.35BaMo₈O₁₆:Eu³⁺荧光粉的激发光谱为一宽带和系列锐峰,其最强激发峰出现在蓝光465 nm处,表明该荧光粉可以与广泛使用的蓝光LED芯片的输出波长相匹配。在465 nm蓝光的激发下,Eu³⁺在Na_0.35BaMo₈O₁₆中有位于614 nm处的非常强的⁵D₀→⁷F₂跃迁发射,色坐标值 (0.650 8,0.348 9)与标准红光的色坐标值(0.67,0.33)接近,有望成为一种潜在的适用于蓝光LED芯片的光转换红光材料。     

荧光粉CaWO4：Eu3+中WO42-与Eu3+间的能量转递

通过高温固相法分别制备了CaWO₄和CaWO₄:1%Eu³⁺ 样品. 测量了样品不同温度(10–300 K)的荧光光谱、荧光衰减曲线和 时间分辨荧光光谱. 样品的荧光光谱表明: 在240 nm紫外光激发下, 两个样品在430 nm处都展现出来源于WO₄^2-的蓝色发射; 样品CaWO₄:Eu³⁺的Eu³⁺(⁵D₀→⁷F_{1, 2, 3,4})的特征发射则归属于WO₄^2-到Eu³⁺ 间的能量传递.由样品室温(300K)荧光衰减曲线发现: 纯CaWO₄的荧光寿命为8.85μs,Eu³⁺掺杂之后WO₄^2-的荧光寿命缩短至6.27μs,这从另一方面证明了WO₄^2-与Eu³⁺间能量传递的存在. 由荧光寿命得到T=300K时, CaWO₄: 1%Eu³⁺中WO₄^2-与Eu³⁺间的能量传递效率(η_ET)为29.2%, 能量传递速率(ω_ET)为4.65×10⁴ s^-1.通过时间分辨荧光光谱, 获得了从WO₄^2-到Eu³⁺之间的能量传递的时间演变过程,当温度由10 K增加到300 K时, 能量传递出现的时间单调变小. 测试了不同温度(10–300 K)对CaWO₄:Eu³⁺的荧光寿命的影响, 发现在10–50K时,Eu³⁺的荧光寿命增加, 但温度超过50K时发生猝灭, 荧光寿命开始下降; WO₄^2-的荧光寿命则是随着温度的升高逐渐缩短. 关键词： 能量传递 红色荧光粉 温度依赖 4：Eu³⁺')" href="#">CaWO₄：Eu³⁺     

生长条件对脉冲激光沉积制备ZnO：Al薄膜光电性能的影响

本文研究了脉冲激光沉积(PLD)生长过程中, 铝掺量、氧压及衬底温度等实验参数对ZnO:Al(AZO)薄膜生长的影响, 并利用扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、X射线衍射、霍尔效应、光透射光谱等实验手段对其透明导电性能进行了探讨. 变温霍尔效应和光透射测量表明, 当靶材中铝掺量大于0.5 wt%时, 所制备AZO薄膜中铝施主在80 K时已完全电离, 因Bernstein-Moss (BM) 效应其带隙变大, 均为重掺杂简并半导体. 进一步系统研究了氧压和衬底温度对AZO薄膜透明导电性能的影响, 实验发现当氧压为1 Pa, 衬底温度为200 ℃时, AZO 导电性能最好, 其霍尔迁移率为28.8 cm²/V·s, 薄膜电阻率最小可达2.7×10^-4 Ω·cm, 且在可见光范围内光透过率超过了85%. 氧压和温度的增加, 都会导致薄膜电阻率变大. 关键词： 脉冲激光沉积法 ZnO：Al薄膜 透光性 导电性     

Investigation of grain mass flow in a mixed flow dryer

The numerical modeling of grain drying is a topic of great relevance to post-harvest engineering. The required type of drying process depends on the quantity of grain to be dried and the required quality of the grain. The choice of the drying system depends on the operating parameters of the drying process. The granular flow pattern of the material exerts a significant influence on the drying process. Post-harvest drying of grain is essential for better storage, handling, and processing. Therefore, it is important to know the material behavior that controls the particle flow patterns of grain in the drying equipment to guarantee the product quality and to optimize the drying process conditions. The discrete element method （DEM） was applied to investigate the particle flow pattern of wheat through a mixed-flow dryer （MFD） without airflow, and the findings were compared with experimental results in this work. The investigations were performed using dry wheat with 14 wb% moisture content.