离子微束技术及其多学科应用

通过微米孔准直或电磁聚焦技术可将加速器产生的MeV离子束形成微米尺寸的离子束斑(微束), 从而用来研究固体和生物样品的微米空间分辨的材料信息和辐照响应。 结合MeV离子微束的发展历史综述了微束技术和跨学科应用, 包括利用微束开展具有空间分辨的离子束分析、 单粒子效应、 微纳加工和细胞辐射响应等研究。 介绍了中国科学院近代物理研究所的高能重离子微束辐照装置, 该装置成功地将总能量为1 GeV的C离子在大气中聚焦为1 μm×2 μm的微米束斑。 Beam of MeV ions from particle accelerators can be confined by collimators or focused by electrical/magnetic quadruples into micrometer size, and this microbeam can be used to obtain spatial information or radiation effect in solids and biological samples. This paper reviews the technical developments and the multi disciplinary applications of microbeam, including ion beam analysis, single event effect in semiconductor devices, proton beam writing and cellular response to targeted particle irradiations. Finally, the high energy heavy ion microbeam facility at the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences is introduced, which has successfully focused 1 GeV Carbon ions into a beam spot of 1 μm×2 μm in air.     

Breakdown voltage analysis of Al0.25Ga0.75N/GaN high electron mobility transistors with partial silicon doping in the AlGaN layer

In this paper,two-dimensional electron gas（2DEG） regions in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors（HEMTs） are realized by doping partial silicon into the AlGaN layer for the first time.A new electric field peak is introduced along the interface between the AlGaN and GaN buffer by the electric field modulation effect due to partial silicon positive charge.The high electric field near the gate for the complete silicon doping structure is effectively decreased,which makes the surface electric field uniform.The high electric field peak near the drain results from the potential difference between the surface and the depletion regions.Simulated breakdown curves that are the same as the test results are obtained for the first time by introducing an acceptor-like trap into the N-type GaN buffer.The proposed structure with partial silicon doping is better than the structure with complete silicon doping and conventional structures with the electric field plate near the drain.The breakdown voltage is improved from 296 V for the conventional structure to 400 V for the proposed one resulting from the uniform surface electric field.     

非化学计量配比La0.67Sr0.33-x□x MnO3的结构和输运性质的研究

利用固相反应法制备了非化学计量配比的类钙钛矿锰氧化物La0.67Sr0.33-x□xMnO3(0相似文献   

Identification of lactobacillus casei-BDI and Streptococcus thermophilus by fluorescence spectra

Fluorescence analysis applied in the study of lactic acid bacteria （LAB） provides a new method and theory to study probiotics and realize the detection and identification of the strains. It is also possible to achieve automation and computerization. In this letter, the differences between the fluorescence spectra of lactobacilIus casei-BDI （Lc-BDI） and Streptococcus thermophilus （St） are shown, and the second-order derivative spectra are used to further study the diversity of these two strains. According to the results, with the excitation wavelengths of 285 and 340 nm, there are significant differences between them. The experiment is repeated for 6 times, showing good repetitiveness.     

槲皮素的光谱分析

槲皮素属于黄酮醇类化合物,广泛存在于蔬菜、水果、茶和葡萄酒等很多食物中。它是一种极强的天然抗氧化剂,具有抗血栓、抗炎、抗病毒、抗肿瘤等作用。本文分析了槲皮素的UV、IR、¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、MS、TG、DSC等,给槲皮素的生产、质量控制提供可靠的光谱数据。     

某机载红外转塔低温像面抖动的分析与研究

针对某机载红外转塔在低温环境下会产生像面抖动的现象,分析了引起像面抖动的主要因素,通过建立模型、热力学分析和静力分析,得出在低温环境下俯仰支架变形量最大为0.34 mm,承受加速度过载下变形最大为0.46 mm。通过对俯仰支架进行调整、固化形态,使俯仰组件低温转动平滑,应力变形量在0.05 mm以内。同时对旋变布线方式及电机电刷安装位置提出了改进措施并给出了控制数据,解决了某机载红外转塔低温像面抖动问题。     

基于一代像增强器的高分辨率X射线相机

为了实现在较低剂量下获得较高的分辨率,研制了一款价格低廉的X射线CCD相机。该相机使用硫氧化钆作为转换屏、经一代像增强器增强后的图像通过光锥耦合到CCD相机上;为了提高系统的光传输效率,提出了将像增强器输出直面板或倒像器直接更换成光锥,其小端直接同CCD相机耦合的方案;通过灰度分析计算对比度曲线,拟合得出系统的本征空间分辨率为13 Lp/mm;通过拍摄实际景物,可以清晰地看到其内部的细节,显示出比较好的图像质量。     

EMD时频分析拉曼光谱和近红外光谱

用时频方法分析拉曼光谱和近红外光谱。经验模态分解光谱成为特征模态分量,模态分量比重计算显示拉曼光谱能量均匀分布于各个分量,而近红外光谱的低阶特征模态分量只承载了较少的原光谱有效信息。真实光谱和数值实验均显示,经验模态分解视拉曼光谱为调幅信号,具有高频能量吸附特性; 视近红外光谱为调频信号,在一阶特征模态分量中可以较好实现高频窄带解调。一阶特征模态分量希尔伯特变换显示,经验模态分解拉曼光谱时易出现模态混叠现象。进一步在时频域分析玉米叶片近红外光谱,经验模态分解后截掉低能量的一、二阶分量,用剩余特征模态分量重构光谱信号,均方根误差为1.001 1,相关系数为0.981 3,两个指标反映出重构精度较高; 分解趋势项表明在近红外光波段,吸光度随着波长的减小呈现递增趋势; 特征模态分量的希尔伯特变换显示,657 cm-1是碱胁迫光谱特有频率,可作为碱胁迫光谱特征频率来辨识。     

一种基于热释电效应的X射线荧光分析谱仪

利用热释电晶体实现了一个X射线激发源,并以此激发源和高能量分辨率的硅漂移探测器构建了一个X射线荧光分析谱仪。首先通过分析计算热释电晶体厚度和靶厚度对产生X射线的影响选定了激发源的设计参数;然后测量了激发源发射的X射线本底,其能量范围在1～27 keV,包含有Cu和Ta的特征X射线,最大强度在每秒3 000个计数以上,对本底的测量同时显示出谱仪的探测器部分对Cu的8.05 keV特征峰的分辨率达到210 eV,具有很高的能量分辨率;最后使用该谱仪测试了Fe,Ti和Cr等三种单质样品和高钛玄武岩样品,测试结果表明该谱仪可以有效的分析出样品的元素成分。由于这种X射线荧光分析谱仪的各组成部分体积都很小,进一步便携化后非常适合于非破坏、现场和快速的元素分析场合。     

不同采收期滇龙胆的红外光谱鉴别研究

采收是中药生产的重要环节,采收时间直接影响中药质量和产量,是中医临床安全有效用药的前提,开展中药适时采收期的研究具有重要意义和应用价值。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法对72份不同采收期的滇龙胆进行鉴别研究,用TQ8.0软件对原始光谱进行一阶导数(first derivative,FD)、二阶导数(second derivative,SD)、标准正态变量(standard normal variate,SNV)、多元散射校正(multiplicative scatter correction,MSC)和平滑(savitaky-golay filter,SG)预处理,样品按3∶1分为校正集和预测集,同时建立主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least square discriminant analysis,PLS-DA)模型。结果显示,选取1 800~600cm~(-1)波段范围的光谱,去除光谱噪音;SNV结合二阶导数光谱和SG(15,3)平滑,预处理结果满意。主成分分析表明,前三个主成分方差贡献率为92.47%,5月、9月和10月份采收的样品差异较小。偏最小二乘判别分析建立判别模型,决定系数R2和校正均方根误差(RMSEE)分别为0.967 8和0.086 0,可对18个预测集样品进行准确分类。红外光谱法结合主成分分析、偏最小二乘判别分析对不同采收期滇龙胆的分类和判别效果较好,为不同采收期的中药鉴别提供理论依据。