内参量热力学中的应变参量分析

以连续体的各力学守恒定律和熵函数为基础,给出了完备的变形体内参量热力学的表述框架。讨论了将热力学状态参量分划为外参量和内参量的必要性和依据,论证了热力学内参量和非弹性变形的关系以及将各种类型的非弹性应变列为内参量的数学条件。给出了考虑非弹性变形的内参量热力学基本方程,讨论了熵平衡和熵产生的关系方程和行为特性。引入两种定义的变形体自由能函数的表述方程,给出了各相应的状态方程组。     

多失效模式光电系统可靠性建模分析方法北大核心CSCD

系统可靠性建模分析是开展可靠性分配、预计、故障树分析及可靠性优化设计的基础。介绍了一种光电系统可靠性建模分析方法,针对光电系统中部分分系统具有多种失效模式且各失效模式均服从指数分布的特点,依据齐次马尔科夫理论,采用马尔科夫状态转移图方法建立了产品的可靠性模型,并给出解析表达式、数值计算方法和Monte Carlo仿真方法。最后,将其应用于某机载光电系统供电回路的实例分析中。采用两种计算方法及Monte Carlo仿真方法分别进行计算,并将结果进行对比分析,证明了该方法的正确性及可行性。     

Sensitivity of heavy-ion-induced single event burnout in SiC MOSFET

The energy deposition and electrothermal behavior of SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET)under heavy ion radiation are investigated based on Monte Carlo method and TCAD numerical simulation.The Monte Carlo simulation results show that the density of heavy ion-induced energy deposition is the largest in the center of the heavy ion track.The time for energy deposition in SiC is on the order of picoseconds.The TCAD is used to simulate the single event burnout(SEB)sensitivity of SiC MOSFET at four representative incident positions and four incident depths.When heavy ions strike vertically from SiC MOSFET source electrode,the SiC MOSFET has the shortest SEB time and the lowest SEB voltage with respect to direct strike from the epitaxial layer,strike from the channel,and strike from the body diode region.High current and strong electric field simultaneously appear in the local area of SiC MOSFET,resulting in excessive power dissipation,further leading to excessive high lattice temperature.The gate-source junction area and the substrate-epitaxial layer junction area are both the regions where the SiC lattice temperature first reaches the SEB critical temperature.In the SEB simulation of SiC MOSFET at different incident depths,when the incident depth does not exceed the device's epitaxial layer,the heavy-ion-induced charge deposition is not enough to make lattice temperature reach the SEB critical temperature.     

Monte Carlo simulations for 20 MV X-ray spectrum reconstruction of a linear induction accelerator

To study the spectrum reconstruction of the 20 MV X-ray generated by the Dragon-I linear induction accelerator, the Monte Carlo method is applied to simulate the attenuations of the X-ray in the attenuators of different thicknesses and thus provide the transmission data. As is known, the spectrum estimation from transmission data is an ill-conditioned problem. The method based on iterative perturbations is employed to derive the X-ray spectra, where initial guesses are used to start the process. This algorithm takes into account not only the minimization of the differences between the measured and the calculated transmissions but also the smoothness feature of the spectrum function. In this work, various filter materials are put to use as the attenuator, and the condition for an accurate and robust solution of the X-ray spectrum calculation is demonstrated. The influences of the scattering photons within different intervals of emergence angle on the X-ray spectrum reconstruction are also analyzed.     

混合Heisenberg自旋体系动态相变的滞后标度

采用Monte Carlo方法对离散混合经典Heisenberg自旋体系在周期性外场驱动下动态相变行为进行了模拟计算.在典型Heisenberg自旋体系的哈密顿量基础上,引入表征非晶相的随机各向异性能项(比例为X)和表征晶体相的单轴各向异性能项(比例为1-X),考察了该混合自旋体系磁滞后回线面积A_area随X和单轴各向异性常数A及随机各向异性常数D的变化规律,并确定了该类自旋体系动态相变新的滞后标度关系A_area-A^δD^{η关键词： 海森堡模型 Monte Carlo模拟 磁滞标度 非晶纳米晶}     

τ质量测量方案的Monte Carlo研究

在τ质量实验测量之前对多种测量方案进行了细致的Monte Carlo研究,并进行了比较.确定τ质量测量实验采用最大似然法,并给出可能的测量精度.研究了包括探测效率、束流能散等诸多因素对实验的影响,同时对实验的实现提出要求.     

涡场中黏附性颗粒团聚体粒径分布的预测

黏附性颗粒团聚现象在自然界和工业界普遍存在,扰动流场中黏附性颗粒间的碰撞、摩擦和吸附等动力学行为,导致团聚体形态不断演化,准确预测黏附性颗粒团聚体的粒径分布是调控颗粒团聚过程的重要前提。本文通过二维泰勒格林涡场中黏附性颗粒团聚的数值模拟研究,明确了利用Monte Carlo模型预测团聚体粒径分布的可行性及其适用范围,发现当黏附性颗粒间内聚数小于3.5×10^?4时,Monte Carlo模型可较好的预测团聚体粒径分布,且相对误差小于±30%;而当内聚数大于3.5×10^?4后,Monte Carlo模型不再适用。     

剪切变形下非晶态高聚物的力学行为

基于非平衡态热力学理论，提出了一个适用于不可压材料的新的热粘弹性本构模型．该模型将橡胶弹性理论中的非高斯分子网络模型推广到计及粘性和热效应的情形．通过引入一组二阶张量形式的内变量，建议了一个新的Helmholtz自由能表达式，从而可以用来合理描述内变量的演化规律．根据以上模型，重点研究了热粘弹性材料在简单剪切变形下的力学行为，考察了由于分子链取向分布的变化而产生的“粘性耗散诱导”各向异性，讨论了应变率效应和由于粘性耗散而导致的热软化效应对剪应力的影响．理论预测结果与G’Sell等人的实验数据的定性比较表明了新的本构模型的有效性。     

含杂质无格点基底表面分枝状凝聚体的计算机模拟

根据含杂质熔融玻璃表面金原子凝聚的实验规律，在原子团簇具有随机的线扩散步长和刚性 转动角度的特征条件下，建立了含杂质无格点基底表面的各向异性团簇-团簇凝聚模型，对 团簇的无规扩散、刚性转动以及凝聚全过程进行了计算机模拟，系统地研究了基底表面无规 分布的杂质区域对分枝状凝聚体诸多特性的影响，所得结果与实验事实相符合. 关键词： 薄膜生长 Monte Carlo模拟 分形     

Monte Carlo Simulation of Kinesin Movement with a Lattice Model

Kinesin is a processive double-headed molecular motor that moves along a microtubule by taking about 8nm steps. It generally hydrolyzes one ATP molecule for taking each forward step. The processive movement of the kinesin molecular motors is numerically simulated with a lattice model. The motors are considered as Brownian particles and the ATPase processes of both heads are taken into account. The Monte Carlo simulation results agree well with recent experimental observations, especially on the relation of velocity versus ATP and ADP concentrations.