氧化程度对氧化石墨结构与阳离子交换容量的影响

通过改进hummers法制备了不同氧化程度的氧化石墨。采用XRD、FTIR及XPS等对不同氧化程度氧化石墨样品的结构特征、含氧官能团种类与含量及阳离子交换容量进行表征。结果表明,石墨经氧化后结构层上键入羟基(C-OH)、环氧基(C-O-C)和羧基(-COOH)等含氧官能团;随氧化程度的增加,石墨结构逐渐全部转化为氧化石墨结构,C-O-C和-COOH的含量逐渐增大,而C-OH的含量先增大后略有减小,阳离子交换容量也表现为先增大后减小,对应的最大值分别为1.70、3.80和4.50 mmol·g^-1;氧化石墨碳平面上C-OH发生去质子化反应在层间产生H⁺,其他阳离子与之交换进入GO层间域,C-OH的含量是影响氧化石墨阳离子交换容量的主要因素,随C-OH含量的增加,氧化石墨样品的阳离子交换容量增大。     

新型强阳离子交换在线净化固相萃取整体柱与液相色谱串联质谱联用测定猪肉中的克伦特罗

以甲基丙烯磺酸钠(SMAS)为单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,在内径为4.6mm的不锈钢柱管中聚合得到一种新型强阳离子交换在线净化整体柱。扫描电镜图显示该整体柱结构均匀、连续、多孔。将其用作萃取介质,结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测猪肉中残留的克伦特罗。结果表明,该整体柱能够有效地对猪肉中的克伦特罗富集净化,方法的线性范围为0.05～10.0μg/L,相关系数(r)为0.9988,定量下限为0.5μg/kg,完全满足我国对该类药物残留的限量要求。方法在0.5、1.0、5.0μg/kg 3个加标水平下的平均回收率分别为91%、94%、96%,相对标准偏差分别为4.9%、4.5%、3.4%。该在线净化液相色谱串联质谱法简单、高效、准确,可用于日常检测。     

一种含稀土阳离子的多金属氧酸盐二聚体的合成及晶体结构(英文)

以Na7[α-PW11O39].nH2O,Sm(NO3)3.6H2O和(CH3)4NCl为原料,利用常规的水溶液方法合成了一例新的2∶2型二聚单缺位Keggin结构多金属氧酸盐稀土衍生物[(CH3)4N]6[(α-PW11O39H)Sm(H2O)3]2.9H2O(1);利用X射线单晶衍射表征了其晶体结构.结果表明,该二聚体属单斜晶系,P2(1)/c空间群,晶胞参数为:a=1.300 8(10)nm,b=2.219 0(17)nm,c=2.097 0(16)nm,β=100.992(16),Z=2,R1=0.074 6,wR2=0.182 6.二聚阴离子[{(α-PW11O39H)Sm(H2O)4}2]6-由2个[α-PW11O39H]6-缺位阴离子通过2个[Sm(H2O)4]3+配离子连接形成,Sm3+离子占据[α-PW11O39H]6-阴离子的缺位位置并取八配位单四方反棱柱构型,相邻的2个单取代阴离子[α-PW11O39H]6-通过2个Sm-Ot-W桥连成二聚物.     

含噁二唑大环冠醚的合成、 结构及金属离子识别性能

合成了含有1,3,4-噁二唑基团的大环冠醚: 2,3,11,12-二苯并-4,7,10,16-四氧-14,15-二氮杂双环[11.2.1]-十六烷-13,15-二烯(2)、 2,3,14,15-二苯并-4,7,10,13,19-五氧-17,18-二氮杂双环[14.2.1]-十九烷-16,18-二烯(3)和2,3,17,18-二苯并-4,7,10,13,16,22-六氧-20,21-二氮杂双环[17.2.1]-二十二烷-19,21-二烯(4), 并培养得到其单晶; 通过核磁共振波谱、 高分辨质谱及X射线单晶衍射对其结构进行了表征. 结果表明, 冠醚2属正交晶系, Pna2₁空间群; 冠醚3属于单斜晶系, C2/c空间群; 冠醚4属正交晶系, Pbca空间群. 在3个主体化合物中均存在分子间氢键和π-π相互作用将分子连接成三维空间结构. 采用荧光光谱测定了开链冠醚2,5-二[2-(2-甲氧乙氧基)苯基]-1,3,4-噁二唑(1)和不同环空腔大小的噁二唑冠醚(2~4)对金属离子Li ⁺, Na ⁺, K ⁺, Rb ⁺, Mg ²⁺和Ca ²⁺的键合行为. 研究结果表明, 开链冠醚1和冠醚4对碱土金属Mg ²⁺和Ca ²⁺表现出荧光猝灭行为, 且对Ca ²⁺表现出良好的键合能力和选择性; 而冠醚2对Na ⁺和K ⁺表现出良好的键合能力, 但其Na ⁺/K ⁺的选择性较差.     

The preparation of cationic folic acid and its application in drug delivery system

The cationic folic acid（CFA） was prepared by introducing triethylenetetramine into folic acid with EDCI/NHS and characterized by IR, NMR and mass spectra. It was found that approximately one of two carboxyls in the folic acid molecule was substituted to form CFA. The conversion of γ-carboxyl is found to be 59% higher than 30% of γ-carboxyl. The CFA and doxorubicin hydrochloride can be loaded on the ionic shell of PTX-encapsulated micelle to form CFA loaded binary drug carrier via static interaction in aqueous solutions. The successful loading was demonstrated by zeta potential measurement and the drug load amount（DLA） of CFA was measured by HPLC. In vitro cytotoxicity results revealed the CFA drug carrier showed higher cytotoxicity to cancer cell MDA-MB-321 than the binary drug carrier without CFA and the positive control, while it showed lower cytotoxicity to normal cell HUVEC than the positive control, and similar cytotoxicity with the binary drug carrier without CFA. These results as well as confocal laser scanning microscopy observation indicate the synthesized CFA drug carrier possesses active tumor-targeting property.     

Photo-induced Living Cationic Copolymerization of Isobutyl Vinyl Ether and Vinyl Ether with Carbazolyl Groups

In this work, a fluorescent monomer 2-（9-carbazolyl） ethyl vinyl ether（CEVE） was synthesized in our lab, and its photo-induced living cationic copolymerization behavior with isobutyl vinyl ether（IBVE） was investigated in detail using diphenyliodonium chloride（DPICl）/2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone（DMPA） and zinc bromide（Zn Br2） initiating system in dichloromethane solution at 5 °C, -5 °C, and -15 °C, respectively. The living nature of this copolymerization system was confirmed by adding fresh comonomer method after the copolymerization almost finished. In addition, the obtained fluorescent copolymer poly（IBVE-co-CEVE） has a low glass transition temperature（Tg）, below -10 °C.     

Synthesis,UV-curing behavior and surface properties of fluorine-containing vinyl ether polymers

Five fluorine-containing vinyl ether monomers were prepared by the reaction between 2-vinyloxy ethanol, a fluorinated alcohol and hexafluorobenzene in the presence of sodium hydride in dimethylformamide. Two representative properties of these monomers, UV-curing behavior initiated by a cationic photo-initiator PAG 201 and surface free energy of coating films, were investigated. Photo-polymerization proceeded both rapidly and completely with a high double-bond conversion （〉 90%） and a fast curing rate （maximum curing time 〈 21 s） for three monomers. The surface energies of the monomers and the resulting polymer films were then investigated. The minimum surface free energy of the UV-cured homopolymer films reaches 7.1 mJ/m2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data show that the low surthce tension is influenced by fluorine content in the soft segments and fluorinated chains＇ migration to the surface. The five monomers exhibit low viscosity, low surface energy, good thermal stability and good photo-polymerization properties, which make them great candidates for UV coating and photoresist applications.     

阳离子交换毛细管整体柱的制备及其在毛细管离子色谱中的应用

以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为功能单体,亚乙基二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为自由基引发剂,在三元致孔剂(正丙醇,1,4-丁二醇,水)的存在下,在320!m内径的弹性石英毛细管柱内制备得到带有环氧功能基团的聚合物整体柱基质;利用Na2SO3对其改性,制备得到磺酸基型阳离子交换毛细管整体柱。采用微流泵、毛细管检测池和紫外检测器构建了毛细管离子色谱系统,并对所制备的整体柱的流体力学参数、色谱性能参数进行评价;采用流速梯度洗脱的方式实现9种常见阳离子(Li+,Na+,NH4+,K+,Cs+,Mg2+,Ca2+,Sr2+,Ba2+)的分离分析;此色谱系统还可应用于牛奶中阳离子和三聚氰胺的分离检测。     

季铵型阳离子纤维素对水中腐殖酸的吸附

以异丙醇为分散剂,碱纤维与3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵反应,醚化接枝制得一种环境功能材料-季铵型阳离子纤维素(QACC)。用红外光谱、X-射线衍射和电镜扫描对材料的结构进行了表征:红外光谱中1 644 cm-1处存在明显的季铵基的弯曲振动。经过改性的QACC结晶度下降,比表面积增加。研究了QACC对腐殖酸的吸附性能:pH=8、318 K时,QACC对腐殖酸的饱和吸附容量为622 mg·g-1;其表观活化能为6.45 kJ·mol-1;吸附符合Lagergren二级动力学方程,吸附速率随温度升高而加快;吸附等温模型符合Langmuir等温式,为单分子层吸附;吸附腐殖酸的ΔH、ΔS、ΔG分别为:31.7 kJ·mol-1、119 J·mol-1·K-1、-5.34 kJ·mol-1,吸附主要为化学吸附。     

可聚合表活性单体的研究进展

可聚合表活性单体(英文简称,Surfmer)是一种功能性表面活性剂,其特点为分子结构中同时具有亲水和疏水的基团,且含有可聚合的双键。这一结构特点赋予它们独特的物理化学性质———两亲性和可聚合特性。可聚合表活性单体作为新型的聚合单体在工业生产、科学研究等领域有着广泛的应用价值。本文根据可聚合表活性单体离子电荷的不同,综述了六种可聚合表活性单体的合成、性质及应用研究情况,并对可聚合表活性单体的研究趋势和未来前景进行了展望。