STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES ON THE SORPTION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS AT THE KAOLINITE AND BENTONITE SURFACES

The isotherms for sorption of fulvic acid from weathered coal,and the distribution ratios,Rd,of ^169Yb at various concentration of fulvic acid on Na-bentonite and Na-Kaolinite have been measured.Meantime,the dependences of Rd of ^169 Yb on pH values at a constant initial concentration of FA were obtained.It was not found that the parallel relationship between the high affinity of humic substance to the clay and the high uptake of metal which has strong ability to complex with this humic substance.     

膨润土-硅藻土复合陶粒制备及去除Cr(Ⅵ)的研究

以膨润土,硅藻土和竹粉为原料,通过埋烧法制备膨润土-硅藻土复合陶粒,通过XRD和IR分析了陶粒的组成特征,研究了pH,陶粒添加量,铬液初始浓度,时间和温度等条件对吸附率的影响,并进行了动力学分析,对实际废水处理进行了初步探讨。结果表明:烧结的陶粒具有吸附Cr(VI)离子能力,吸附最佳条件是pH值为1,复合陶粒用量2g,100mLCr(VI)浓度为100mg·L~(-1)的含铬溶液吸附时间为10h,去除率可达99.52%,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型。对某实际废水进行处理后,吸附率为99.37%,效果明显。     

阳离子膨润土制备和性质的研究

用插入法将混合金属层状氢氧化物正电胶体沉淀于膨润土矿物晶体层间,合成了阳离子膨润土,其最高ζ电位40mV。研究了温度、Mg~(2+)浓度、pH值及无机电解质等对阳离子土ζ电位的影响。发现该阳离子膨润土的悬浮体与不同价数的阴离子作用符合Schulze-Hardy规则,并对Al~(3+)有特性吸附,而对Mg~(2+)则没有。     

膨润土吸附氨基酸研究

本文用钠、钙两种类型膨润上对四种不同性质氨基酸进行了静态吸附试验，并对膨润土吸附氨基酸有关因素进行了研究。试验证明：钙膨润土吸附氨基酸能力较强，酸处理膨润土吸附性最好，等电；点时吸附量最大。在浓度为500mg·L－1pH＝7溶液中，酸处理膨润土吸附赖氨酸可达200mmol·100g－1。     

紫外光照射下染料污染物在二氧化钛柱状膨润土上的光降解

在紫外光下, 用不同条件下干燥的二氧化钛柱状膨润土降解二氯酚和橙二. 超临界条件下干燥的样品由于它的结构特点对二氯酚和橙二的降解有高活性. 使用P25和不同条件下干燥的二氧化钛柱状膨润土测定了二氯酚降解过程中TOC和COD的变化. 黏土催化剂易于通过过滤或沉降分离.     

氟钒锰共掺对TiO2柱撑膨润土光催化脱硝性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备氟钒锰共掺改性的TiO₂柱撑膨润土，使用XRD、氮吸附、UV-vis光谱和SEM等手段对其进行了表征测试，并对其室温下的可见光催化脱硝性能进行了评价研究。结果表明，对于NO质量浓度为661 μg/m³的气体，F-V-Mn共掺TiO₂柱撑膨润土的光催化脱除效率近似达到100%，而NO质量浓度提升至1657 μg/m³时，光催化效率为81.9%，与未柱撑的F-V-Mn共掺TiO₂相比提高了33.8%。F-V-Mn共掺TiO₂柱撑膨润土上光催化脱反应速率常数最大，是V-Mn共掺TiO₂柱撑膨润土的2倍，且前者的抗水和抗SO₂中毒能力也更强。TiO₂柱撑不仅保留了膨润土的片状晶体结构，而且使膨润土层间距由0.667 nm增大至0.710 nm，吸附能力增强；同时，掺杂元素能抑制TiO₂金红石相生长，降低TiO₂禁带宽度，提高可见光响应，延长使用寿命，拓宽应用范围。     

The effect of metal ions with different valences on the retardation of soil-bentonite barrier materials and its mechanism

In this paper, with K＋, Ca2＋ and Fe3＋ as the objects of study, retardation of soil-bentonite （SB） barrier materials for metal ions with different valences is investigated, and the adsorption mechanism, migration patterns and permeation behavior are explored so as to provide a theoretical basis for their application. The results show that the adsorption process for metal ions with different valences by SB barrier materials is fast, and the higher the valence, the greater the adsorption capacity. The fitting of the adsorption process conforms to pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics and Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption equation, which explains that chemical adsorption is the dominating state and that the SB surface has certain heterogeneity. The permeability coefficient of K＋, Ca2＋ and Fe3＋ in SB each has a maximum and the higher the valence, the sooner the maximum appears. Also the higher the valence, the more obvious the effect on SB retardation performance; and the sooner the ion breaks through the barrier wall completely, that is, the wall＇s retardation performance for higher valent ions may decline.     

TiO2柱撑膨润土对染料茜素红的吸附行为

TiO2柱撑膨润土对染料茜素红的吸附行为;柱撑膨润土;吸附;茜素红;动力学;热力学     

改性膨润土吸附染料废水的研究进展

综述了近几年来国内利用改性膨润土吸附处理染料废水的某些进展,探讨了改性方法、pH值、温度、吸附时间、膨润土投加量和共存离子等因素对膨润土吸附染料的影响。展望了改性膨润土吸附染料的发展趋势。     

CdS/膨润土复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

以CdCl₂和硫代乙酰胺为反应物,通过湿化学法合成CdS/膨润土复合材料,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)以及紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)等分析技术对其结构及光学性能进行表征。以罗丹明B和亚甲基蓝为目标污染物,考察了CdS/膨润土复合材料对有机染料的降解性能。结果表明:在罗丹明B和亚甲基蓝的初始浓度为20 mg/L 时,光照3 h后,CdS/膨润土对它们的降解率分别为80.6%和88.3%,优于CdS及膨润土原土催化剂。