酵母核糖核酸的UV-Vis光谱探针反应的机理研究

采用UV－Vis分光光度法，研究在pH7－8的缓冲溶液中，酵母核糖核酸（RNA）与3－氨基－6－二甲氨基－2－甲基吩嗪盐酸盐（ZR）相互作用；反应生成红色配合物，该配合物的最大吸收波长为540nm；反应前后的吸收光谱变化明显，配合物的吸收峰与试剂本身比较红移90nm；研究了体系的酸度、温度、时间等基本反应条件以及不同类型的离子对体系的影响，发现离子强度的改变对体系的吸光度有明显的影响。     

酵母甘露聚糖硫酸酯化前后结构与生物活性比较研究

对酵母甘露聚糖及硫酸酯化酵酯母甘露聚糖的相对分子质量、红外光谱、离子色谱、比旋光度、IO4^-氧化、SO4^2-含量、Smith降解、电泳及THP－1细胞分泌IL-la的水平等进行了测定，结果表明，硫酸酯化后相对分子质量增加，IR光谱[α]D^20均有明显变化，电泳迁移加快，IO4^-氧化甲酸生成量减少，硫酸酯化位置在非还原末端，C（3）对碱位置稳定，Smith降解结果表明硫酸化前后基本结构无明显变化。硫酸酯化前后样品对THP－1细胞分泌IL－1a水平影响差异显，对IL-6,IL-8,TNFa,IL-2亦有影响。     

吲哚咪唑基钌(Ⅱ)联吡啶配合物与酵母RNA的相互作用

通过紫外-可见光谱和荧光光谱滴定、稳态荧光猝灭和溴化乙啶竞争键合实验研究了Ru(Ⅱ)配合物[Ru(bpy)(H₂iip)₂](ClO₄)₂{bpy=2,2′-联吡啶, H₂iip=2-(吲哚-3-基)-咪唑[4,5-f][1,10]-邻菲罗啉}的酵母RNA键合性质. 结果表明, 二者键合模式为嵌入键合, 其键合常数为7.09×10⁶ L/mol, 比小牛胸腺DNA的键合常数大, 且比同类配合物[Ru(bpy)₂(H₂iip)](ClO₄)₂的酵母RNA键合常数大.     

Immobilization and Properties of Lipase from Candida rugosa on Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes with Biomimetic Phospholipid Moities

Reported here is a protocol to fabricate a biocatalyst with high enzyme loading and activity retention, from the conjugation of electrospun nanofibrous membrane having biomimetic phospholipid moiety and lipase. To improve the catalytic efficiency and activity of the immobilized enzyme, poly（acrylonitrile-co-2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine）s（PANCMPCs） were, respectively, electrospun into nanofibrous membranes with a mean diameter of 90 nm, as a support for enzyme immobilization. Lipase from Candida rugosa was immobilized on these nanofibrous membranes by adsorption. Properties of immobilized lipase on PANCMPC nanofibrous membranes were compared with those of the lipase immobilized on the polyacrylonitrile（PAN） nanofibrous and sheet membranes, respectively. Effective enzyme loading on the nanofibrous membranes was achieved up to 22.0 mg/g, which was over 10 times that on the sheet membrane. The activity retention of immobilized lipase increased from 56.4% to 76.8% with an increase in phospholipid moiety from 0 to 9.6%（molar fraction） in the nanofibrous membrane. Kinetic parameter Km was also determined for free and immobilized lipase. The Km value of the immobilized lipase on the nanofibrous membrane was obviously lower than that on the sheet membrane. The optimum pH was 7.7 for free lipase, but shifted to 8.3-8.5 for immobilized lipases. The optimum temperature was determined to be 35 ℃ for the free enzyme, but 42-44℃ for the immobilized ones, respectively. In addition, the thermal stability, reusability, and storage stability of the immobilized lipase were obviously improved compared to the free one.     

3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶与酵母线粒体基因组维持蛋白Mgm101的相互作用

采用酵母双杂交方法, 以Mgm101p为诱饵, 筛选酵母cDNA文库. 分离鉴定15个与Mgm101p相互作用的蛋白因子, 其中5个阳性克隆均为GPD1编码的3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH). 克隆了GPD1在 S. cerevisiae的同系物ScTDH2基因, 进行绿色荧光蛋白GFP标记、 亚细胞组分分离和蛋白质印迹分析, 结果表明, GAPDH除了在细胞质为糖酵解酶的主要作用外, 可能为多功能蛋白, 在酵母线粒体中与Mgm101p相互作用参与线粒体DNA维持的生物过程.     

吖啶橙共振光散射法测定酵母核糖核酸

在pH 11.2的B-R缓冲溶液中,吖啶橙与酵母核糖核酸形成缔合物,使酵母核糖核酸的共振散射增强。体系的最大散射波长为333nm,酵母核糖核酸的质量浓度在0.05~15.0mg·L-1范围内与共振散射增强强度(ΔI)呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为0.017mg·L-1。据此,提出了一种简单而快速测定酵母核糖核酸的方法。应用此方法测定2个空白合成样品中酵母核糖核酸的含量,测得平均回收率为99.0%,平均相对标准偏差(n=5)为1.3%。     

酵母PHO4基因的结构改造与功能分析

酵母PHO4基因编码的蛋白质是阻遏型酸性磷酸酯酶基因表达系统中的正调控因子。本文根据由核苷酸序列推导的氨基酸序列对PHO4蛋白的结构域作了分析。通过寡聚核苷酸的插入或片段的缺失对PHO4基因的编码区进行改造,观察它们在细胞内对酸性磷酸酯酶基因表达的影响,推测不同结构区的功能作用。结果表明PHO4蛋白的第162到171位附近的氨基酸残基可能组成一个与负调控因子PHO80相互作用的功能区。     

咔咯锰(Ⅲ)配合物催化RNA磷酸二酯类似物HpPNP的水解断裂反应机理

采用密度泛函B3LYP方法研究了咔咯锰(Ⅲ)配合物催化水解断裂RNA磷酸二酯类似物2-羟丙基-4-硝基苯基磷酸酯(HpPNP)的反应机理以及中位取代基的性质和数目对反应能垒的影响。计算结果表明:断裂反应以特殊碱催化(SBC)机理进行,咔咯锰(Ⅲ)配合物与HpPNP形成双氢键和双配位独特的过渡态结构,经由P-O键断裂后形成产物。与无催化剂时相比,带吸电子取代基的咔咯锰(Ⅲ)配合物的催化能使反应能垒下降4%~34%。咔咯锰(Ⅲ)配合物中位的吸电子取代基效应能显著降低反应能垒,促进水解断裂反应的进行。     

Mediated Electrochemical Measurements of Intracellular Catabolic Activities of Yeast Cells

Coupling with the dual mediator system menadione/ferricyanide, microelectrode voltammetric measurements were undertaken to detect the ferrocyanide accumulations arising from the mediated reduction of ferricyanide by yeast cells. The results indicate that the dual mediator system menadione/ferricyanide could be used as a probe to detect cellular catabolic activities in yeast cells and the electrochemical response has a positive relationship with the specific growth rate of yeast cells.