溶胶-凝胶制备技术与新型催化材料Ⅲ.溶胶粒子表面修饰方法制备催化膜

提出用溶胶粒子表面修饰方法，结合溶胶凝胶技术制备无机催化膜．该方法的基本原理是利用合适的金属配合物在胶粒表面的吸附作用，经溶胶凝胶过程，将活性组分结合到无机膜中．实验测定结果表明：（ＮｉＥＤＴＡ）２－，ＶＯ－３，ＭｏＯ２－４，（Ｐｄ（ＮＨ３）４）２＋，ＰｄＣｌ２－４，ＰｔＣｌ２－６和ＲｈＣｌ３－６可用来修饰ＡｌＯＯＨ溶胶．以Ｐｄ／γＡｌ２Ｏ３催化膜的制备为例，经三次溶胶凝胶过程，可制得无裂缺的厚度为９μｍ的Ｐｄ／γＡｌ２Ｏ３催化膜，膜材料的平均孔直径为６ｎｍ，Ｐｄ被均匀地分布在膜的顶层，其平均粒径为２３ｎｍ．     

Ultrasound imaging and evaluation of lesion induced by High Intensity Focused Ultrasound

The present study was to investigate the differential imaging method for detecting HIFU (High Intensity Focused Ultrasound)-induced lesions and the estimation of variation of attenuation for lesion evaluation with log spectral difference algorithm. Experiment results of bovine muscle and liver in vitro were acquired. Several algorithms for lesion detection - Absolute Difference (AD), Sum Absolute Differences (SAD) and Sum Squared Differences (SSD) - were analyzed with several window sizes and threshold values. Then three attenuation parameters were compared to evaluate the degree of tissue damage. It was found that variation of the mean attenuation △α was an effective parameter to evaluate lesions.     

铁铝催化体系催化丙烯酸丁酯聚合

研究了Fe(acac)3-Al(i-Bu)3-8-羟基喹啉(acac=乙酰丙酮)催化体系催化丙烯酸丁酯(BA)聚合，考察了聚合规律，用凝胶渗透色谱研究了聚合物分子量和分子量分布．动力学研究表明聚合反应对单体浓度呈一级关系，表观活化能为13．9kJ／mol．     

氧化钴—氧化锰／吸附树脂对甲酚的催化氧化性能的研究与结构表征

本文通过制备吸附树脂Ｄ３５２０负载的钴，锰双金属氧化物催化剂（Ｃｏ－Ｍｎ－Ｏ／Ｄ３５２０），考察了在强碱性醇溶液中氧化对甲酚制对羟基苯甲醛的催化性能。利用ＸＲＤ，ＸＰＳ，ＩＲ等方法研究了催化剂的表面结构及其与催化性能的关系。     

冲击波对结晶MgO晶体结构,表面性质和催化剂性能的影响

用ＸＲＤ，ＥＳＲ和ＴＰＤ等技术研究冲击波处理的结晶ＭｇＯ后发现，ＭｇＯ的晶格发生畸变，微应力值ε１／２Ｄ显著增大，有大量缺陷产生并形成Ｆ心，晶体的平均晶粒减小，且表现出各向异性，从而引起了催化剂表面碱中心强度增大，数目变化，在对乙烷氧化脱氢反应中表现出较高的活性和对乙烯的选择性，初步讨论了可能的结构模型和催化机理。     

催化动力学光度法测定痕量铝

痕量铝在硝酸介质中能催化加速过氧化氢和高碘酸钾与二甲苯胺兰FF之间的褪色反应。研究了反应的最佳实验条件,建立了测定痕量铝的新方法。方法检出限为6.1×10-10gAl3+/mL,检测范围为0-1.0μgAl3+/25mL。本方法具有高灵敏度,选择性较好,操作简便,快速的特点。用以测定水样中的痕量铝,获得满意结果。     

催化荧光法测定痕量草酸

在硫酸介质中 ,草酸能催化重铬酸钾氧化罗丹明B褪色 ,使体系荧光猝灭 ,建立了催化荧光法测定草酸的新方法。催化反应在 50℃水浴中进行 1 0min ,为假零级反应。测定草酸的线性范围为 0 4～ 1 2 0mg·L- 1 ,其回归方程为ΔF =8 42c(mg·L- 1 ) 3 81 ,r=0 9983 ,检出限为 0 1 6mg·L- 1 。试验了 30种共存物质的干扰情况。此法用于生物样品中草酸含量的测定 ,结果满意。     

Residual stress profiling of an aluminum alloy by laser ultrasonics

A residual-stress profile along the thickness of an aluminum alloy sheet is determined by laser-ultrasonic technique. Surface acoustic waves are generated by a Nd:YAG pulse laser and detected by a Heterodyne interferometer on a lateral free surface of the sheet. The distribution of residual stress is determined by measuring the relative variation of the wavevelocities at different location of the sample along its thickness. This technique is validated by three different residual stress profiles obtained experimentally.