一步法合成吲哚用Ag／SiO2催化剂的失活及其抑制

 用简单浸渍法制备了Ag／SiO2催化剂．该催化剂对苯胺和乙二醇一步合成吲哚表现出很高的催化活性，但同时存在明显的失活．TG，XRD和TEM表征结果表明，催化剂失活的主要原因是反应过程中催化剂表面的积碳和银粒子的烧结．向反应体系中通入氢和水蒸气能够减少催化 剂表面的积碳；向催化剂体系加入ZnO助剂能较大程度地提高银的分散度，并能有效抑制反应过程中银粒子的烧结．     

镧对V2O5/γ-Al2O3催化剂在异丁烷脱氢中活性的影响

V2O5／γ-Al2O3是用于异丁烷脱氢的新型催化剂，引入适量的镧不仅可改善活性组分的分散度，提高催化脱氢活性，而且还增强了催化剂的抗积炭能力，通过FTIR，BET，TG，TPR和TEM等手段研究了镧对催化剂性能的影响。     

Ionic Liquid Based Electrolyte with Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 as Framework for Quasi-solid-state Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

Quasi-solid-state electrolytes were fabricated with mesoporous silica SBA-15 as a framework material. Ionic conductivity measurements revealed that SBA-15 can enhance the conductivity of the quasi-solid-state electrolyte. The diffusion coefficients of polyiodide ions such as Ⅰ3ˉ and Ⅰ5ˉ which were confirmed by Raman spectroscopic measurement, were about twice larger than that of I-. The optimized photoenergy conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells （DSSC） with the quasi-solid-state electrolyte was 4.3% under AM 1.5 irradiation at 75 mW·cm^-2 light intensity.     

反应条件对固相合成负载羰基铑原子簇催化剂及其性能的影响

本文报告了由金属盐直接固相合成负载铑络合物或原子簇催化剂的新方法及IR谱表征。CO容易使表面吸附有水分子的RhCl_3/SiO_2还原并生成表面羰基物Rh~+-(CO)_2/SiO_2;CO、CO/H_2和CO/2H_2等不同还原气对表面络合物的生成没有影响。采用H_2还原只能得到金属Rh催化剂。水是重要影响因素,如果RhCl_3/SiO_2先抽空脱水,再用含水的CO还原,就会使Rh~+(CO)_2/SiO_2转化为Rh_6(CO)_(16)/SiO_2。此外,还考察了负载原子簇的CO加氢和热分解反应性能。采用CO还原RhCl_3/SiO_2制备的催化剂同负载原子簇催化剂的反应行为非常相近,而且比传统催化剂具有更高的反应活性。     

La-Ce对PbTiO3陶瓷气相扩渗生成La2Ti6O15和CeTi21O38的陶瓷材料及其电性能

报道了采用气相法对PbTiO3陶瓷扩渗La-Ce混合稀土元素的研究. 在气相扩渗过程中, La, Ce与PbTiO3陶瓷组元发生了复杂反应,生成了稀土化合物La2Ti6O15和CeTi21O38, 制备出未见报道的La2Ti6O15-CeTi21O38-PbTiO3陶瓷材料, 经测试其导电性能发生了十分显著的变化. La2Ti6O15-CeTi21O38-PbTiO3陶瓷材料的室温电阻率从2.0 ×1010??@m下降为0.248 ?@m,而且随着温度的变化, 晶粒电阻呈现明显的PTCR效应,而晶界电阻随着温度的升高,呈急剧连续降低状态,总电阻的变化规律与晶界电阻的变化相一致, 试样总电阻的PTCR效应已不存在, 近趋导体. 经XPS测试分析, 进一步证实了La2Ti6O15-CeTi21O38-PbTiO3陶瓷材料中铅、钛等元素均有变价, 因而导致了La2Ti6O15-CeTi21O38-PbTiO3陶瓷材料电阻率的降低, 测试结果还首次给出了La2Ti6O15-CeTi21O38-PbTiO3陶瓷材料中各元素结合能位置的峰值. TG-DTA热分析表明La2Ti6O15-CeTi21O38-PbTiO3陶瓷材料具有较好的高温热稳定性.     

Physico-chemical Characterization of Mo-Hβ Zeolite Catalysts

A series of Mo-impregnated Hβ samples, with MoO3 loading in Hβ zeolite in the mass fraction range of 0. 5%-6.0%, were studied by means of XRD and IR in order to characterize their structures. Mo/Hβ sampies‘ crystallinity almost linearly decreases with increasing the amount of MoO3 loaded, The IR spectra and XRD patterns suggest that the progressive destabilization of the Hβ zeolite structure is caused by increasing Mo loading in (MoO3 Hβ zeolite). During the calcination, Al2(MoO4)3 formed from the dealumination of Hβ zeolite, causes the substantially partial breakdown of the zeolite framework when the Mo loading in MoO3 Hβ is relatively high.     

载体和担载酸对乙烯直接氧化合成乙酸反应的影响

 在固定床流动反应器上研究了Pd－酸／载体体系催化乙烯直接氧\r\n化合成乙酸的反应，并对载体相同但担载酸强度不同的催化剂的催化活\r\n性进行了比较．结果表明，担载酸的强度明显影响催化剂的活性，酸强\r\n度越大其催化活性越高．用NH3－TPD和异丙醇脱水探针反应表征了二氧\r\n化硅、活性碳和酸性白土三种载体担载的Pd－H4SiW12催化剂的酸性，\r\n并测试了三种催化剂的催化活性．结果表明，载体通过影响担载酸的强\r\n度而影响催化剂的活性，载体上的强酸中心越多，催化剂的活性越高．\r\n测定了二氧化硅、活性碳和酸性白土三种载体担载的Pd－H4SiW12催化\r\n剂上Pd的分散度，并与其催化活性相关联．结果表明，决定乙烯直接氧\r\n化生成乙酸反应活性的主要因素是催化剂的酸强度而不是Pd的分散度．     

Pt/K2La2Ti3O10催化剂的合成及其光催化分解甲醇水溶液制氢

用高温固相法合成了具有类钙钛矿型结构的层状化合物K₂La₂Ti₃O₁₀, 用XRD, UV-DRS对其进行表征. 利用不同还原方法制备了Pt/K₂La₂Ti₃O₁₀光催化剂, 并且用脉冲氢氧滴定法(HOT)测定了K₂La₂Ti₃O₁₀表面Pt的分散度. 考察了Pt/K₂La₂Ti₃O₁₀光催化分解甲醇水溶液制氢的活性. 比较了负载Pt与负载Ni和纯的K₂La₂Ti₃O₁₀的光催化活性. 研究了Pt负载量、不同还原方法对光催化分解水制氢反应活性的影响. 在最佳的Pt负载量2%(质量百分比)下, 产氢速率达到233.88 mmol·h^&;#8722;1. 讨论了该催化剂的能带结构及反应机理.     

Preparation and characterization of vanadium(IV) oxide supported on SBA-15 and its catalytic performance in benzene hydroxylation to phenol using molecular oxygen

Preparation of dispersed transition metal oxides catalyst with low oxidation state still remains a challenging task in heterogeneous catalysis.In this study,vanadium oxides supported on zeolite SBA-15 have been prepared under hydrothermal condition using V 2 O 5 and oxalic acid as sources of vanadium and reductant,respectively.The structures of samples,especially the oxidation state of vanadium,and the surface distribution of vanadium oxide species,have been thoroughly characterized using various techniques,including N 2-physisorption,X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),UV-visible spectra(UV-Vis) and UV-visible-near infrared spectra(UV-Vis-NIR).It is found that the majority of supported vanadium was in the form of vanadium(IV) oxide species with the low valence of vanadium.By adjusting hydrothermal treatment time,the surface distribution of vanadium(IV) oxide species can be tuned from vanadium(IV) oxide cluster to crystallites.These materials have been tested in the hydroxylation of benzene to phenol in liquid-phase with molecular oxygen in the absence of reductant.The catalyst exhibits high selectivity for phenol(61%) at benzene conversion of 4.6%,which is a relatively good result in comparison with other studies employing molecular oxygen as the oxidant.     

An expedient one-pot synthesis of highly substituted imidazoles using supported ionic liquid-like phase（SILLP） as a green and effcient catalyst and evaluation of their anti-microbial activity

An effcient method for the synthesis of imidazole derivatives by a three-component condensation of benzil or 9,10-phenanthrenequinone,aldehydes and ammonium acetate using supported ionic liquidlike phase（SILLP）catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation or classical heating conditions is reported.The present methodology offers several advantages,such as excellent yields,simple procedures,short reaction times,simple work-up and mild conditions.The catalyst is easily separated from the products by fltration and also exhibits remarkable reusable activity.These highly substituted imidazoles were also evaluated for their anti-microbial activity.