Pd/ZnO催化剂的还原及其催化甲醇水蒸气重整制氢

考察了共沉淀法制备的15.9%Pd/ZnO催化剂的还原对甲醇水蒸气重整制氢反应的影响.结果显示,当催化剂的还原温度为523~573K时,523K下反应的甲醇转化率达到了41.6%,CO2选择性为94.6%,出口CO浓度为1.26%.X射线衍射结果显示,当催化剂的还原温度为523K时PdZn合金开始形成.还原温度为523~573K范围内催化剂活性的提高归因于5~14nmPdZn合金粒子的存在.用程序升温还原及X射线衍射表征手段探究了还原过程中Pd与ZnO之间的相互作用.结果表明,Pd/ZnO可能经历了PdO/ZnO→Pd/ZnO→PdZnO1-x/ZnO→PdZn合金/ZnO的还原过程,而部分PdZn合金在反应过程中可重新被氧化成PdZnO1-x.对反应的活性物种进行了初步探讨.     

Methane to Liquid Hydrocarbons over Tungsten-ZSM-5 and Tungsten Loaded Cu/ZSM-5 Catalysts

Metal containing ZSM-5 can produce higher hydrocarbons in methane oxidation. Many researchers have studied the applicability of HZSM-5 and modify ZSM-5 for methane conversion to liquid hydrocarbons, but their research results still lead to low conversion, low selectivity and low heat resistance. The modified HZSM-5, by loading with tungsten (W), could enhance its heat resistant performance, and the high reaction temperature (800℃) did not lead to a loss of the W component by sublimation. The loading of HZSM-5 with tungsten and copper (Cu) resulted in an increment in the methane conversion as well as CO2 and C5 selectivities. In contrast, CO, C2-3 and H2O selectivities were reduced. The process of converting methane to liquid hydrocarbons (C5 ) was dependent on the metal surface area and the acidity of the zeolite. High methane conversion and C5 selectivity, and low H2O selectivity are obtained over W/3.0Cu/HZSM.     

高分子药物研究——Ⅻ.侧链含5-氟尿嘧啶聚酰胺的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

本文用N-(5-氟尿嘧啶乙酰)谷氨酸双对硝基苯酯与一系列α、ω-多次甲基二胺缩聚制备了6种侧链含5-氟尿嘧啶的聚酰胺。通过元素分析、核磁共振谱、红外光谱和紫外光谱对单体和聚合物的结构进行了鉴定。经初步抗动物肿瘤试验,聚α-(5-氟尿嘧啶乙酰胺基)戊二酰乙二胺对艾氏腹水癌的抑制率为43.0％。     

茂金属催化剂负载对丙烯间规聚合的影响

茂金属催化剂具有活性高、定向性好的特点 .采用茂金属催化剂 ,Ｅｗｅｎ[1] 首次在常温、常压下实现了丙烯的间规聚合 ,得到了高间规度 (ｒｒｒｒ >80 % )的间规聚丙烯 (ｓＰＰ) .ｓＰＰ因其透明性好、耐冲击及耐辐射 ,室温韧性、热密封性及透气性好等特性 ,作为共混材料 ,在医疗产品、包装、纤维、薄膜和汽车配件等方面显示了广阔的应用前景 .国内外许多公司都投入大量人力、物力进行研究 .其中 ,Ｆｉｎａ公司处于技术领先地位 .Ｆｉｎａ公司继 1 987年开发出间规选择性茂金属催化剂后 ,成功地进行了中试聚合实验 ,得到了商用ｓＰＰ .1 994…     

聚γ-(β-氰乙基)胺丙基硅氧烷铂配合物的合成与催化性能

γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷与丙烯腈反应，得到γ-(β-氰乙基)胺丙基三乙氧基硅烷。后者用气相法二氧化硅固载，再与氯亚铂酸钾反应，合成了聚γ-(β-氰乙基)胺丙基硅氧烷铂配合物。研究了它对不饱和烃与三乙氧基硅烷的硅氢加成反应的催化特性。     

Influence of Pretreatment on the Interaction of Oxygen with Silver and the Catalytic Activity of Ag／SiO2 Catalysts for CO Selective Oxidation in H2

The interactions of oxygen with pre~reduced silver catalysts as well as their catalytic propertiesfor CO selective oxidation in H2 after oxygen pre-treatment are studied in this paper. It is found that the pretreatment exerts a strong influence on the activity and selectivity of the silver catalyst. A drop in activity and selectivity is observed after treating a pre-reduced catalyst with oxygen at low temperatures,whereas a converse result is obtained after an oxidizing treatment at high temperatures (T≥350℃). O2-TPD results show that surface oxygen species adsorbs on silver surface after the oxygen treatment at low temperatures. However, penetration of oxygen into the silver is enhanced by a high temperature treatment, meanwhile the surface oxygen species disappear. No other silver species except metallic silver are observed on all the catalysts by XRD, and the size of silver particle is not changed after the treatment with oxygen at low temperatures. The surface oxygen species formed by oxygen treatment can also be removed by hydrogen reduction. The strongly-adsorbed surface oxygen species prohibit the adsorption and diffusion of oxygen species in reaction gas on the surface of silver catalyst, causing the decrease in CO oxidation activity, in other words, it is important to obtain a clean silver surface for increasing the catalyst activity in CO removal from H2-rich feed gas. The differences in activity and selectivity due to the oxygen pretreatment at different temperatures axe discussed in terms of the changes in the surface/subsurface oxygen species of the silver particles.     

寡聚酰胺PyPyPybDp与DNA相互作用的荧光动力学

通过稳态吸收光谱、荧光光谱和时间分辨荧光光谱对寡聚酰胺分子PyPyPybDp(简称PPP)的光物理性质进行了详细研究. 发现PPP的激发态性质受溶剂环境影响较大, 在TKMC缓冲液中, PPP有较弱的荧光, 其荧光寿命为16 ps; 随着溶剂极性逐渐降低, 荧光光谱蓝移, 荧光强度增加, 相应荧光寿命增长. 通过对PPP与DNA双螺旋分子相互作用的荧光动力学研究表明, PPP与DNA相互作用后, 荧光强度增强, 荧光寿命从16 ps增加到32 ps, 证实了存在PPP与双螺旋DNA的结合相互作用.     

SiO2负载的磺化三苯膦铑配合物催化高碳烯氢甲酰化

本文将水溶性磺化三苯基膦铑配合物催化剂负载在SiO_2表面使其复相化,考察不同制备方法制得催化剂的性能及对反应活性和选择性的影响。这种负载化水溶性Wilkinson催化剂比表面积较大,可在适当过量配体存在下保持较高的催化活性;当液态高碳烯烃十一烯酸甲酯和1-己烯在固定床加压流动态反应器中连续进行氢甲酰化催化反应时,产物醛的选择性大于95%;正异醛比(n/i值)随P/Rh摩尔比的提高而提高P/Rh=15,产物中正构醛大于或接近80%(n/i为4)。P/Rh>15后,配体增多几乎不再提高产物n/i值,而影响反应速度。     

载体焙烧温度对Co／ZrO2催化剂催化F－T合成反应的影响

 采用并流共沉淀法制得了ZrO2载体，采用等体积浸渍法制备了钴质量分数为10％的系列负载型催化剂，考察了载体焙烧温度对催化剂催化性能的影响．结果表明，焙烧温度对载体的物化性质有显著影响，提高焙烧温度可降低载体的表面酸性，减弱钴锆之间的相互作用，提高催化剂的活性和选择性．钴负载到低温焙烧的载体上促进了ZrO2由无定形向四方相的转变，提高了催化剂的分散度，降低了催化剂的活性和选择性．     

钼镍负载催化剂表面组份及其活性的研究

利用X光光电子能谱(XPS)，激光拉曼光谱(LRS)和程序升温还原(TRP)等技术，研究了高载钼量的负载钼镍催化剂的表面组份形式．结果表明，催化剂在氧化态、还原态、硫化态时表面的主要组份分别以类似NiMoO_4结构的NiMo_xO_y多种价态钼酸盐及金属镍，氧硫钼镍及硫化钼形式存在．三种化学态的加氢脱硫活性顺序为硫化态，还原态>>氧化态．还原态表面检测到金属镍，据此提出了金属镍所产生的氢溢流效应是还原态活性明显增加的一个原因．文中由硫化态、还原态表面组份与反应活性之间的关联结果支持了Kwart提出的多点催化反应机理．