首次测定短寿命缺中子同位素~（153）Er和~（157）Yb的EC／β~＋衰变

利用（１６）Ｏ重离子束轰击（１４２）Ｎｄ和（１４７）Ｓｍ同位素靶分别生成（１５３）Ｅｒ和（１５７）Ｙｂ．借助氦喷嘴带传输系统和Ｘ－γ、γ－γ符合测量方法分离鉴别核素并测量其衰变性质．首次建立了（１５３）Ｅｒ和（１５７）Ｙｂ的ＥＣ／β＋衰变纲图．从中指认出（１５３）Ｈｏ的一个新三（准）粒子态和两个新单粒子态，指认出（１５７）Ｔｍ的一个新的同质异能态和一条新转动带．低位能级系统分析表明：在Ｈｏ和Ｔｍ这两条奇Ａ核的同位素链中基态形状的转变区都在中子数８６和８８之间．     

量子干涉、无反转激光和折射率增强

若利用外加电磁场在三能级级联衰变系统原子介质中产生下能级相干,则选择非相干抽运速率,可在该介质中获得无反转激光。本文对强外场、共振两种情形分别进行了讨论。同时,通过数值计算发现该介质可使以一定频率传播的光在既无吸收、又无色散时获得大的折射率。     

20Naβ延迟α衰变研究的新结果

以25及35.5MeV质子轰击氖靶,对²⁰Na的β延迟α衰变作了重新研究.实验中使用了以气体电离室作为ΔE探测器的新型粒子望远镜系统,在所测带电粒子谱的0.695MeV及0.907MeV处,首次观察到两个新峰.根据粒子鉴别、分支比和寿命测量,确信它们是来自²⁰Na的低能β延迟α衰变,由此修改了²⁰Na的衰变纲图和低激发态纲图,并讨论了它在天体物理研究中的意义.     

J/ψ辐射衰变过程中产生的ξ(2230)的研究

用推广的矩分析方法研究了过程e⁺e^－→J/ψ→γ+X, X→pp, 得到了该过程的矩的表达式, 并用于确定衰变到pp的共振态X的自旋; 还给出了用矩关系式表示的过程的螺旋度振幅比.     

Spectra of ZnO nanoparticles under low photon energy excitation

Time-integrated photoluminescence （PL） spectra between 1.2 and 2.25 eV of ZnO nanoparticles were observed at ambient temperatures when they were excited by a picosecond （ps） laser pulse at a low photon energy of 2.33 eV/532 rim, to show clear red shift when the excitation intensiW increased. Gaussian analysis shows that the red shift is due to increase of the relative magnitudes of the Gaussian combination in the low energy region. Temporal evolution of the dominant emissions exhibited a similar double-exponential decay process, in which the respective two distinct decay durations of 189 ps at the corresponding amplitude of 82% and 2081 ps at 18% were identified. Speculation based on the surfacestate emission due to the large surface-to-volume ratio of nanoscale materials is used to explain the phenomena.     

被探测到的地球中微子

中微子的量是很稀少的，它的质量和相互作用也是很小的，但在太阳内部，作为核聚变反应的副产品，它的数量却是很巨大的。由此可见，中微子是经常出现于核反应与宇宙射线簇射中，过去安置于地下的陆地探测器曾给出过各种中微子的记录，现在由于掌握了测定地球内部辐射衰变中电子反中微子的数量，从而开辟了中微子物理的一个新纪元，     

ψ(2S)扫描实验中衰变宽度误差与亮度的确定

结合ψ(2S)扫描实验中衰变宽度测量的特点,介绍了确定积分亮度的叠代方法与确定衰变宽度误差的抽样方法.这两种方法既简单又精确可靠     

丰中子氮同位素β￣衰变的理论研究

使用壳模型系统地研究了丰中子氮同位素的β￣衰变,并对其衰变子核18,19,20,210的能级结构性质给出理论计算,所得结果与实验符合较好.研究了18,19,20N核的Gamow-Teller允许型β￣衰变的特性,对与近期实验观测不一致之处进行了讨论和分析.预言了21N的β￣衰变及其子核高激发态的能级结构性质.这些计算将对氮同位素的实验研究很有帮助.     

Top Quark Decay t → cb-↑b in Topcolor-Assisted Technicolor Models

The topcolor-assisted technicolor （TC2） model predicts the existence of the top-pions and the CP-even top-Higgs with large flavor-changing couplings to the top quark, which at tree-level can mediate the top quark three-body decay t → cb-↑b. We study this decay, show the dependence of the decay rate on the relevant TC2 parameters and compare the results with the predictions in the minimal supersymmetric model. We find that the decay rate in the TC2 model is much larger than that in the minimal supersymmetric model if the new particles are not too heavy. However, in consideration of the ODF and the LEP experiment limits, the top-pion mass is greater than 340 GeV in a more realistic parameter space, so the decay width of the channel t → cb-↑b intermediated by top-pions will be depressed greatly and difficult to be detected at the future collider. Thus, to observe this channel at the future collider, considering the top-higgs contribution may be the possible way when the masses of the top-pions and the top-higgs are not degenerate.     

超重核294118和291116及其α衰变链上各核素半衰期的研究

运用推广的液滴模型（GLDM）确定了超重核294118和291116及其α衰变链上各核素的衰变势垒, 采用量子力学中的WKB方法计算α衰变中的势垒穿透几率, 对该链上各原子核的α衰变半衰期进行了研究。 此外, 还利用Royer公式对该链上各原子核的α衰变半衰期进行了计算。 结果表明, GLDM 考虑亲和能与Royer公式给出的α衰变半衰期与超重核区的实验值符合很好, 验证了GLDM和Royer公式在超重核区的适用性,可以用来预测超重核的半衰期。 最后, 预言了Z=118 和116 同位素链上各核素的半衰期, 结果表明, 在Z=118和116中存在α衰变长寿命同位素, 这需要实验上的检验。The α decay potential barrier of the newly synthesized superheavy nuclei starting from 294118 and 291116 have been determined and their half lives have been studied with the Generalized Liquid Drop Model(GLDM) connected with WKB approximation and Royer’s formulae．The α decay half lives of the nuclei belonging to the superheavy nuclei starting from 294118 and 291116 have been calculated．The calculated results are in agreement with the experimental data, which show that the α decay half lives of superheavy nuclei with the GLDM and Royer’s formulae can be applied in the studying on superheavy nuclei successfully．Finally, the half lives of Z=118 and 116 isotopes have been predicted, and the results suggest there may be some long lived superheavy nuclei for α decay in those isotopes.