Studies on the Structure and Properties of Cordierite Synthesized by Talc-Magnesite

Homogeneous cordierite has been synthesized at low cost by talc-magnesite and coal gangue as the main raw materials. The mechanism of synthesizing cordierite under such a com- posing system of raw materials, and the effect of temperature on the crystal cell parameters and microstructure and thermal expansion coefficient of cordierite crystal have been studied via testing methods of XRD, SEM, etc. The result shows that the homogeneous cordierite can be synthesized by the systematic composing materials of “talc-magnesite—coal gangue—talc” with heat pre- servation at 1350 ℃ for 1 h; as the keeping time is prolonged, Al3+ and Mg2+ in cordierite crystal are replaced by a few impurity ions such as Fe3+, Fe2+, etc., and the crystal cell parameters of cordierite present an increase trend; as the high-temperature heat preservation is prolonged, the content of glassy phase in the sample is increased, its density is improved, and its thermal expansion coeffi- cient presents an increase trend.     

Theoretical Study on the Hetero-Diels-Alder Reactions between 3-Pyridinedithioesters and 1-Phenylsulfanylbutadiene

The mechanism, catalytic effect and solvent effect of the hetero-Diels-Alder reac- tions between 3-pyridinedithioesters and 1-phenylsulfanylbutadiene have been studied theoretically using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. The results show that all of these reactions proceed in a concerted but asynchronous way. In some reactions the formation of C-S bond is prior to that of C-C bond and the opposite results are found in other reactions. The BF3 catalyst may lower the activation barriers by changing the energies of LUMO for 3-pyridine- dithioester. THF solvent has trivial influence on the potential energy surface of these reactions. With the BF3-catalyzed reactions, regioselectivity and stereoselectivity observed experimentally were predicted correctly by calculations and these results originate probably from C-H···F interaction in two transition states.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2-Amino-4- chloro-5-（4-methylbenzyl）-6-methylpyrimidine

The title compound 2-amino-4-chloro-5-(4-methylbenzyl)-6-methylpyrimidine (C26H28Cl2N6, Mr = 495.44) has been synthesized and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 14.892(7), b = 6.129(3), c = 14.889(7) , β = 109.795(8)°, V = 1278.7(10) 3, Z = 2, F(000) = 520, Dc = 1.287 g/cm3, μ = 0.280 mm-1, the final R = 0.0577 and wR = 0.1589 for 1357 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). A total of 6091 reflections were collected, of which 2257 were independent (Rint = 0.033). The X-ray analysis reveals that the chlorine atom and methyl of the title compound are disordered.     

纸吸管中非挥发性迁移物的非靶向筛查及风险评估

根据欧盟法规推荐的两种食物模拟物对纸吸管样品进行模拟迁移试验,并基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF MS)对样品中的迁移物进行非靶向筛查,得到包括润滑剂、施胶剂、抗氧剂降解产物、消泡剂在内的31种有意添加物和非有意添加物。利用该课题组前期建立的风险矩阵,即风险=危害(毒性水平+Cramer分级+4×致突变性)×暴露(4×水溶性+4×渗透性),对纸吸管中31种迁移物进行风险分级。结果表明,未发现Ⅰ级高风险物质,Ⅱ级风险物质中得分较高的来自润滑剂(十六酸酰胺等)、施胶剂(海松酸等)和消泡剂(聚乙二醇等)中的成分,对Ⅱ级风险物质进行半定量分析,通过对比暴露量和TTC阈值,发现酰胺类润滑剂(尤其是芥酸酰胺)存在健康风险,应在纸吸管生产加工过程中引起关注。     

基于混合吸附剂磁性固相萃取/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水中磺胺和喹诺酮类抗生素残留

通过制备磁性大孔有机共聚物材料(Fe₃O₄@Si O₂@PLS)和磁性金属有机骨架材料(Fe₃O₄@ZIF-8),将两种材料同时作为磁性吸附剂,建立了混合吸附剂磁性固相萃取/高效液相色谱-串联质谱(MSPE/HPLC-MS/MS)测定水中4种磺胺类和8种喹诺酮类抗生素残留的分析方法。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和X-射线衍射仪(XRD)对两种磁性材料进行表面形貌和结构表征,结果显示,亲水亲脂大孔有机共聚物(PLS)包覆于磁性纳米粒子Fe₃O₄表面,且Fe₃O₄成功附着于正六边形金属有机骨架材料(ZIF-8)晶体表面,可以满足磁性固相萃取的要求。通过优化吸附剂用量、萃取方式、吸附时间、样品p H值、洗脱剂种类及洗脱时间,在最优的实验条件下,12种目标物的线性范围为0.5～10μg/L,相关系数(r²)为0.996 1～0.999 8,检出...     

固相萃取/气相色谱-质谱法测定燃香烟气中9种大麻素类新精神活性物质

建立了同时测定燃香烟气中9种大麻素类新精神活性物质的气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析方法。样品在燃香烟气收集装置中经溶剂提取,浓缩离心后,采用HLB固相萃取小柱净化,毛细管色谱柱Agilent HP-5MS毛细管柱（30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm）分离,使用电子轰击电离（EI）源检测,SIM模式进行质谱监测,内标法对9种大麻素类化合物进行定量。结果表明,9种大麻素类化合物在27 min内完成分离分析,并在0.01～4.0 mg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数（r2）均不小于0.999 5,方法的检出限（LOD,S/N=3）和定量下限（LOQ,S/N=10）分别为0.003～0.06 mg/L和0.01～0.2 mg/L。在阴性样品中进行1、2和10倍定量下限的加标回收实验,9种大麻素类化合物的回收率为74.8%～114%,相对标准偏差（RSD,n=6）为1.6%～9.1%。采用该方法对10种市售的燃香样品进行测定,均未检出大麻素类化合物。建立的方法操作简便,可快速对燃香烟气中大麻素类化合物进行定性和定量分析,且能满足发烟量大燃香的检测需求。该方法的建立为我国燃香中大麻素类...     

表层取样法结合气相色谱-串联质谱测定竹木砧板中19种防腐防霉剂残留

建立了表层取样/气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)测定竹木砧板中19种防腐防霉剂残留的方法。通过表层取样法制备样品后先进行酸化,然后利用乙酸乙酯-正己烷(2∶8,体积比)混合溶剂提取,经方法优化后无需进行衍生化反应及净化操作,采用多反应监测扫描(MRM)模式检测,基质匹配溶液外标法定量。结果表明,19种组分在0.005～200.0μg/mL范围呈良好的线性关系(r²> 0.990),检出限(LOD,S/N=3)为0.001～0.17 mg/kg,定量下限(LOQ,S/N=10)为0.003～0.55 mg/kg;在低、高2个不同加标水平下,19种目标物的回收率为65.8%～97.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为4.3%～13%。利用该方法对市售竹木砧板和一次性筷子样品进行检测,发现非定型包装竹木砧板中存在五氯酚残留量高的风险隐患,可为相关部门提供风险预警。     

固相萃取/液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水果蔬菜中双胍辛胺的残留量

建立了测定沃柑、菠萝蜜、苹果、葡萄、生菜、黄瓜、西红柿、芦笋等水果蔬菜中双胍辛胺残留量的固相萃取/液相色谱-串联质谱方法。试样用0.2%乙酸水提取,二氯甲烷萃取杂质,提取液经WCX固相萃取柱净化,10%甲酸乙腈洗脱,氮吹至近干后以0.2%甲酸水复溶。采用甲醇和0.2%甲酸水为流动相,经Eclipse Plus C18(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)分离,在电喷雾离子源正离子模式下采用双胍辛胺的双电荷加合母离子m/z 178.8及其子离子m/z 100.0和187.0进行多反应监测（MRM）扫描,基质加标曲线进行定量。结果表明,双胍辛胺在0.005～0.160 mg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r≥0.995;0.010、0.020、0.050 mg/kg加标水平下的平均回收率为88.5%～109%,相对标准偏差（RSD,n=6）为2.1%～8.8%;方法检出限为0.005 mg/kg,定量下限为0.010 mg/kg。该方法快速、准确、灵敏,适用于水果蔬菜中双胍辛胺残留量的测定。     

微流控芯片-质谱联用技术在细胞代谢与药物代谢中的研究进展

细胞代谢与药物代谢是新药筛选和研发的关键环节,在推动人类大健康发展进程中具有重要意义。通常情况下,细胞代谢和药物筛选以传统细胞培养测定研究为主,多为静态培养条件,无法很好地模拟体内细胞动态微环境。微流控芯片-质谱联用是近年发展起来的一种新型高通量分析技术。微流控芯片模块可高度模拟细胞体内动态微环境,与质谱联用可实时在线检测样品物质,具有高效、快速、简便、样品和试剂消耗低等特点,广泛应用于细胞代谢和药物代谢分析,有利于加速药物筛选研发进程。该文重点综述了微流控芯片-质谱联用技术及其在细胞代谢和药物代谢方面的应用概况,并对目前存在的局限性进行了讨论和展望,以期为微流控芯片-质谱联用技术在新药研发与细胞分析领域的发展提供参考。     

7-甲氧基香豆素-3-羧酸-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯用于神经肽的标记与分析

选用7-甲氧基香豆素-3-羧基-N-琥珀酰亚胺酯(MCSE)作为衍生试剂, 并借助高效液相色谱和质谱等仪器对甲硫脑啡肽、亮脑啡肽和神经紧张素等3种神经肽进行了标记与分析.