表面活性剂在色谱分析中的应用与进展

表面活性剂应用于色谱分析中可作流动相、固定相、增敏剂等,本文就其在无机、有机及药物分析中的应用予以综述。收集文献98篇。     

Separation of Felted Explosives by Pressurized Microemulsion Electrokinetic Chromatography

A new MEEKC method assisted with pressure-driven mobile phase was presented for the separation of felted explosives. Microemulsion solution was composed of 80 mmol/L heptane-120 mmol/L SDS (sodium dodecyl sulphate)-900 mmol/L butanol-10 mmol/L borate at pH 9.4 and a pressure-driven flow of 0.020 mL/min under 1.3 MPa was employed to manipulate the separation. Explosives HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclooctane) and TATB(triamino-trinitrobenzene), which were felted on fluorine rubber F2311 (polytrifluorochlorethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride 1/1 co-polymerization) and F2314 (polytrifluorochlorethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride 4/1 co-polymerization) were well separated with very good peak shapes.     

利用温度跃升傅立叶变换红外原位分析技术对斯蒂酚酸碳酰肼和斯蒂酚酸氨基脲快速热解反应的研究

Flash pyrolysis of （CHZ）2TNR and （SCZ）2TNR was conducted by T-jump/FTIR spectroscopy under 0.1 MPa Ar atmosphere. The results show that eleven IR-active gas products obtained during flash pyrolysis process of the two title compounds are NO, CO, HCN, NH3, NO2, N2O, HNCO, HNO2, CO2, H2O and HCHO, of which NO and CO are the main gas products. The molar fraction of the individual product in the pyrolysis gas mixture was described as a function of time. At least some of the NO2, N2O and H2O can result from the oxidization reaction of NH3 during flash pyrolysis of （CHZ）2TNR. It can be concluded that the two compounds are not worthy of further in-depth consideration of the adoption in detonators as eco-friendly primary explosive, and should not be used as gas generation composition of automobile crash airbag system taking into account the toxicity.     

自适应中值滤波用于色谱信号去噪的研究

在分析化学领域中，如何从被干扰的信号中有效去除噪声并恢复有用信号，具有重要的意义。此文从中值滤波基本概念出发，针对经典中值滤波器滑动窗口长度固定对信号去噪的影响，提出了自适应中值滤波器，通过对某元素色谱曲线进行去噪处理，并与移动均值法和小波变换法进行比较表明，此方法不仅能有效地滤除脉冲和高斯噪声，而且使色谱峰的边缘得到良好保护，从而提高了色谱数据分析的精确性。     

严重重叠的色谱峰对的解析

本文根据指数修正的高斯函数模型(EMG),并利用回归分析提出了一种解析严重重叠的色谱峰对的方法。此法可适用于相对峰谷在50％～95％的严重重叠的色谱峰对的解析。     

使色谱峰产生拖尾的一个因素--柱出口效应

使用塔板理论证明存在一种使正常色谱峰产生拖尾的因素－柱出口效应。证明符合线性分配的样品组分虽然在色谱内存在3种不同浓度的分布形态,但在流出色谱后却都因柱出口效应的影响而转变成拖尾峰。在不加任何近似处理的情况下,使用塔板理论直接对不同塔板数、容量因子的色谱峰不对称性进行了计算;计算结果同样支持了柱出口效应的存在。     

Refolding of Denatured／Reduced Lysozyme Using Weak－Cation Exchange Chromatography

Oxidative refolding of the denatured/reduced lysozyme was investigated by using weak-cation exchange chromatography (WCX). The stationary phase of WCX binds to the reduced lysozyme and prevented it from forming intermolecular aggregates. At the same time urea and ammonium sulfate were added to the mobile phase to increase the elution strength for lysozyme. Ammonium sulfate can more stabilize the native protein than a common eluting agent,sodium chloride. Refolding of lysozyme by using this WCX is successfully. It was simply carried out to obtain a completely and correctly refolding of the denatured lysozyme at high concentration of 20.0 mg/mL.     

在1－溴丁烷的制备实验中,2－溴丁烷生成机理的探讨

本文设计了一系列实验，通过这些实验证明了在用正丁醇、溴化钠和硫酸制备１－溴丁烷的实验中，正丁醇脱水生成丁烯，丁烯与溴化氢加成产生２－溴丁烷。溴化氢与沸腾的丁醇反应得到１－溴丁烷，无２－溴丁烷产生。     

《色谱定性与定量》（第二版）

该书主要介绍了色谱分析中常用的定性和定量方法。在定性分析中除了介绍经典的保留值定性的各种方法外,对近年来在色谱定性分析中使用的质谱和红外光谱的谱图解析作了较详细的介绍。定量分析中除了介绍各种定量分析方法外,对数据处理中的误差分析、定量结果的评价和表达方法作了详细介绍。