氧化硅气凝胶的超临界制备及纳米结构

简要介绍了用溶胶－凝胶法制备新型功能材料氧化硅气凝胶的方法，着重阐述了氧化硅气凝胶的各种干燥过程对其纳米结构的影响，说明了超临界干燥工艺在保持气凝胶的纳米多孔结构方面的突出重要地位，同时，用比表面积测量，扫描电镜，小角Ｘ射线菜射等研究了这种轻质纳米多孔非晶固态材料的结构特性，介绍了这种材料的应用前景。     

纳米硅薄膜光吸收谱的研究

用恒定光电导法测量了纳米硅(其晶粒尺寸为3-5nm,晶态成分比X_c为45％—50％)薄膜在0.9—2.5eV范围的光吸收谱。分析了在不同光子能量范围可能存在的对光电导作主要贡献的几种光跃迁过程,以及随着X_c的增加,材料由非晶、微晶转变为纳米硅薄膜时光吸收谱的变化。发现纳米硅晶粒之间的界面区(平均厚度约为1nm)中载流子的跃迁及传输过程对整个范围的光吸收谱起主导作用。联系纳米硅的这种特殊结构解释了有关实验结果。 关键词：     

200AGeVpp、pS和SS碰撞中单奇异粒子产生数据的分析

用相对论性核-核碰撞的蒙特卡罗事件产生器──LUCIAE,分析了200AGeVpp､pS和SS碰撞中单奇异粒子产生的实验数据.结果表明:SS中心碰撞相对于pp或pS最小偏畸事件,似乎有更强的末态相互作用,更短的奇异粒子产生时间,和更大的奇异粒子对压低因子. 从pp到pS再到SS奇异增强的实验事实,似乎不必引入夸克-胶子等离子体就能得到解释.     

高功率振荡器锁相的粒子模拟

用粒子(PIC,Particle-in-Cell)模拟方法研究了当前颇感兴趣的高功率振荡器的锁相问题。给出了模拟计算结果。讨论了锁相(Phase Locking)、Priming和InjectionSeeding等概念的区别。     

关于ηc粒子及其电磁衰变

本文在势模型的框架内估算了ηc粒子的质量、宽度及几种主要电磁衰变道的分支比.指出禁戒型磁跃迁ηc→J/ψγ的相对论修正结果比简单的非相对论估算有可能大一个量级.讨论了北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)对级联电磁辐射过程ψ′(3686)→γηc→γγ¹P₁,γγJ/ψ,3γ进行测量的可能性.     

Structural Phase Transformations of ZnS Nanocrystalline Under High Pressure

In-situ energy dispersive x-ray diffraction on ZnS nanocrystalline was carried out under high pressure by using a diamond anvil cell. Phase transition of wurtzite of 10nm ZnS to rocksalt occurred at 16.0GPa, which was higher than that of the bulk materials. The structures of ZnS nanocrystalline at different pressures were built by using materials studio and the bulk modulus, and the pressure derivative of ZnS nanocrystalline were derived by fitting the equation of Birch-Murnaghan. The resulting modulus was higher than that of the corresponding bulk material, which indicates that the nanomaterial has higher hardness than its bulk materials.     

Experimental Evidence of the Rapidly Increasing Neutron Yields in Proton—Induced Reaction on Heavy Target Across 0.6—1 GeV

The independent yield distribution of the Hg isotopes,measured for the reaction of 600MeV ^18O projectile with a ^nat.Pb target,is converted to 18O 208Phb system and is compared with an Hg-isotope distribution from the spallation reaction of 1A GeV^208Pb on proton.The comparison shows the differences between the two distributions on the production cross sections,isotope-distribution widths as well as their shapes.A great increase of the neutron-deficient Hg isotope yield with increase of bombarding energies of protons from 600MeV to 1GeV is derived.This fact results in an experimental evidence for rapid increasing neutron yields with rising proton bombarding energy from 0.6GeV to 1 GeV.     

J/Ψ粒子是由粲夸克和反粲夸克组成的束缚态的实验证明

叙述了J／ψ粒子是由粲夸克和反粲夸克组成的束缚态的实验证明的历史过程，以及发现J／ψ家族，一系列粲介子和粲重子的实验．人们可以从中获得有益的启示．     

Preparation and Optical Properties of SnO2／SiO2 Nanocomposite

SnO2/SiO2 nanocomposites have been prepared by the soaking-thermal-decomposing method, tin oxide nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the mesopores of silica. The optical absorption edge of the obtained nanocomposite presents a redshift compared with bulk tin oxide, With the increasing annealing temperature during the procedure of the sample preparation, the optical absorption edge of the sample moves to shorter wavelength (blueshift). These optical properties can be ascribed to the amorphous structure and band defects of surface layers of the tin oxide nanoparticles.