手机电源新家族——当代高能化学电源

 手机已成为当代一种时尚文化,发短信息、打游戏、上网、下载铃声、查看当天的新闻和电子邮件,正在迅速成为新一代中青年的精神宠儿。因为手机不再仅仅被当做联络信息的工具,它已成为交友娱乐,追求时尚,甚至是治疗孤独的爱物。因此,信息消费年轻化将是一个不可逆转的潮流。未来5年,中青年消费将更加趋于享受生活,追逐前卫和展示个性。随着信息技术的发展,通讯技术产品开发的日新月异,高能化学电源成为电子产品的原动力,是须臾也离不开的开路电压高、高比能量、工作温度范围宽、放电平稳、自放电小、长寿命的化学电源。     

纳米氧化钛-乙二醇溶胶溶液的研究

选用了钛酸丁酯、硬脂酸和乙二醇作为表面活性剂，采用表面化学修饰和表面物理修饰2种方法修饰纳米氧化钛，然后分散在乙二醇溶剂中形成溶胶溶液．并通过红外光谱仪、紫外分光计、原子力显微镜，分析了表面化学修饰后的纳米氧化钛表面化学结构的变化，观测了纳米氧化钛溶胶在乙二醇溶剂中稳定性．试验结果表明表面活性剂与纳米氧化钛的表面的不饱和键之间形成了新的化学结构，粒子表面可能接枝上有机长链，提高了纳米粒子在溶剂中的相容性．表面化学修饰后的纳米氧化钛与乙二醇溶剂形成了较稳定的溶胶体系，而且纳米溶胶粒径较小．表面活性剂添加量与纳米粒子添加量控制在(1～1．2)：1时，可以获得纳米溶胶粒径较小，同时溶胶稳定性较好的纳米氧化钛-乙二醇溶胶体系．     

安培

安培(1775-1836)，法国物理学家，对数学和化学也有贡献．1775年1月22日生于里昂一个富商家庭．少年时就显出数学才能．他的父亲信奉卢梭的教育思想，供给他大量图书，令其走自学道路，于是他博览群书，吸取营养．卢梭关于植物学的著作燃起他对科学的热情，1802年他在布尔让——布雷斯中央学校任物理学和化学教授；1814年被选为帝国学院教学部成员；1819年主持巴黎大学哲学讲座；1824年担任法兰西学院实验物理学教授．1836年6月10日在巡视法国各大学途经马赛时逝世．终年61岁．     

Atomic-scale simulation of nano-grains:structure and diffusion properties

Nanograins are characterized by a typical grain size from lto 100 nm.Mclecular dynamics aimubations have been carried out for the nanograin sphere with the diameters from 1.45 to 10.12 nm.We study the influence of grain size on structure and diffusion properties of the nanograins.The results reveal that as the grain size is reduced,the fraction of grain surface increases significantly,and the surface width is approximately constant；the diffusicn coefficlent is increased sharply,and the relation of the diffusion coefficient and the grain size is close to exponential relation below 10nm.     

纳米Zr-V-O粉末的XRD及TG-DSC研究

利用机械合金化制备纳米Zr-V粉末，对制备过程的材料进行物相分析和热分析试验。初始粉末Zr（150μm）和V（150μm）元素粉末（纯度99．15％）按原子比1：2或1：1进行混合后在氩气气氛中放入SimoloyerCMol—2球磨仓中，按几种不同的试验条件进行球磨。同时在997K和1047K下热处理40min和1h，并对热处理前后的粉末进行了物相和TG-DSC实验分析。     

Raman properties embeddedof GaSb nanoparticlesin SiO2 films

The Raman shifts of nanocrystalline GaSb excited by an Ar^ ion laser at wavelengths 514.5, 496.5, 488.0, 476.5,and 457.9nm are studied by an SPEX-1403 laser Raman spectrometer respectively, and they are explained by phonon confinement, tensile stress, resonant Raman scattering and quantum size effects. The Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman spectra of GaSb nanocrystals strongly support the Raman feature of GaSb nanocrystals. The calculated optical spectra compare well with experimental data on Raman scattering GaSb nanocrystals.     

Dissociative Chemisorption of an H2（v,j） Molecule on Rigid Ni （100） Surface： Dependence on Surface Topologies and Initial Rovibrational States of the Molecules

The H2(v,j) Ni(100) collision system has been studied to understand the effects of the surface sites and initial rovibrational states of the molecule on molecule-surface interactions, by a quasiclassical molecular dynamic simulation method. Dissociative adsorption of an H2 molecule on the rigid Ni(100) surface is investigated at topologically different three sites of the surface. Interaction between the molecule and Ni surface was described by a London-Eyring-Polani-Sato (LEPS) potential. Dissociative chemisorption probabilities of the H2(v, j) molecule on various sites of the surface are presented as a function of the translation energies between 0.001-1.0eV. The probabilities obtained at each collision site have unique behaviour. At lower collision energies, indirect processes enhance the reactivity, effects of the rotational excitations and impact sites on the reactivity are more pronounced. The results are compared with the available studies. The physical mechanisms underlying the results and quantum effects are discussed.     

让学生说题--化学课上培养思维能力的一项重要活动

1 问题的提出 解决化学问题是培养化学思维能力、深化学生认知过程的一个重要环节.传统教学中,不论是随堂练习,还是课后作业,总是一种模式:学生做,教师评讲.固然,通过解题,可以复习巩固所学知识,掌握一些解题方法,但是笔练往往不能反映学生的思维过程(学生对题目中的知识出点、题型结构、条件到问题的关系等等的认知情况),选择、填空等类型题更是如此;同时,解题时,学生一般都独立思考,缺少相互间的讨论、交流和提高的机会,不少学生会因某一处卡壳而使思维中断.     

Giant Magneto-Impedance of Co50Ni22Ga28 Alloy with High Chemical Ordering

The microstructure of CosoNi22Ga28 ribbon with the L10 structure is examined. The band-like morphology is observed. These bands with the width in a range of 40-200 nm appear along the transverse direction of the ribbon. The giant magnetoimpedance （GMI） effect in this alloy is measured. The results show that Co5oNi22Ga28 exhibits a sharp peak of the GAI effect. The maximum GAH ratio up to 360% is detected. The GMI effect measured versus temperature shows large jumps of the magnetoimpedance amplitude at the reversal martensitic transformation temperature 240℃ and Curie temperature 375℃C respectively. The jump ratios of the magnetoimpedance amplitude examined at these temperatures are about 5 and 10, respectively.