烟草对甘油的吸附

研究了水溶液中两种不同粒径的烟草对甘油的吸附作用。测定了两种不同粒径烟草在不同温度下的吸附等温线。考察了温度、酸度和乙醇对吸附的影响。结果表明：在稀溶液中吸附甘油符合Langmuir模型；烟草对甘油的吸附具有吸附速度快，温度影响小的特点。     

Investigation of Quantitative Relationship between Adsorbed Amount of Solute and Solvent Concentration at Relatively High Solute Con－centration by Frontal Analysis in RPLC

In previous paper a new adsorption isotherm which relates the amount of solute absorbed to the solvent concentration is pro-posed and simplified, and it only can be used at lower solute concentration. In this article the scope of the new adsorption isotherm is extended and the expressions with three and four parameters are obtained. The equations with multi-parameters are valid when the adsorbed mounts are larger and show non-linear logarithmic relationships. Tests with a homologue of are-matic alcohols by frontal analysis in reversed phase liquid chro-matography demonstrate that the experimental results fit those equations well. In addition, the predicted values by the multi-parameters were found to fit the experimental values well also. The parameters have physical meaning only for the two-param-eter equation for the aromatic alcohols.     

ADSORPTION OF 1,2,4-ACID BY WEAKLY BASIC RESIN： ISOTHERMS, THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS

The adsorption properties, including the adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics and kinetics, of l-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid (1,2,4-acid) onto weakly basic resin ND900 are investigated. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich equations can give a good fit to the adsorption isotherms, which indicates an endothermic and a favorable adsorption in our study range. A high yield in elimination of about 45.21%-97.28% is obtained for the tested adsorption systems. The capacity and affinity of the adsorption increase with temperature, due to the phenomena of “solvent-motivated” effects. The value of ΔH is 51.59 kJ/mol, which indicates a chemical adsorption and then expects the poor desorption property of ND900. The negative value of ΔG indicates the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process, and the positive value of ΔS shows the increased randomness at the solid/solution interface during the adsorption process. The value of the adsorption rate constant lower than 0.013 min^-1 is indicative of a slow adsorption rate. The intra-particle diffusion must be one of the rate limiting steps.     

Isothermal Kinetics Modelling of the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over the Spray-Dried Fe-Cu-K Catalyst

The isothermal kinetics of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) over Fe-Cu-K spray-dried catalyst was studied in a spinning basket reactor. The experiments were carried out at a constant temperature of 523 K, n(H2)/n(CO) feed ratios of 0.8-2.0, reactor pressures of 1.1-2.5 MPa, and space velocity of 0.556×10-3 Nm3/kgcat·s. Kinetic model for hydrocarbon formation was derived on the basis of simplified carbide mechanism to reduce the number of parameters. Two individual rate constants for methane and ethene were considered. Furthermore, the model was modified empirically by non-intrinsic effect, such as physisorption and fictitious olefin pressures that were taken into account, and the influences of secondary reaction of α-olefins on product distribution. The simulation results showed that the experimental phenomena of FTS and the deviations from ASF distribution, such as the relatively high yield of methane and low yield of ethene observed experimentally could be depicted basically.     

ADSORPTION OF METHYLENE BLUE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION ON ATTAPULGITE

Batch adsorption experiments were carried out for the removal of methylene blue （MB） from aqueous solution using attapulgite as adsorbent. The effects of various parameters such as temperature, contact time, the pH value, and attapulgite dosage on the adsorption performance were investigated. The standard curve and regression equation were established by spectrophotometry. The adsorption experimental results showed that the adsorption equilibrium data were well in accord with Langmuir adsorptive model. The optimal result was acquired under the experimental condition of attapulgite dosage 0.18g, MB concentration 50.0mg/L, pH 10, and adsorption time 20min at room temperature.     

十二烷基氧丙基-β-羟基三甲基溴化铵与阴离子聚电解质的缔合作用

运用电势滴定和表面张力法研究了阳离子表面活性剂十二烷基氧丙基－β－羟基三甲基溴化铵(C12NBr)与疏水修饰的丙烯酸类聚合物AMB，AMBA及柔性阴离子聚合物HPAM的结合等温线。结果表明，C12NBr与HPAM缔合过程中有明显的协同特征，即结合量突然上升，并且在很窄的表面活性剂浓度范围内达到饱和。C12NBr与AMB或ANBA的相互作用是非协同性的，结合等温线经历了较宽的浓度范围，没有明显的临界聚集浓度，结合量较小，此现象归结为这类聚合物具有较高的疏水性。     

二组分气体在固体上吸附的研究（I）：——新的快速迎头色测定吸附等温…

本文提出了一个新的二组分气固吸附的色谱测定系统。该系统由迎头色谱系统及普通色谱系统联合组成。通过各种阀门的转换，可以分别测得吸附到达平衡时，吸附相和气相中各组分的吸附量的蒸气压。并详细探讨了影响吸附数据测定的各主要因素。     

几种二价阳离子的交换对13X分子筛氮氩分离性能的影响

采用水溶液离子交换法分别制备了不同二价阳离子(Mg²⁺、Zn²⁺和Ca²⁺)交换的13X型分子筛，并在25 ℃下测定了各分子筛吸附剂的氮和氩的吸附等温线。研究发现，13X分子筛经Mg²⁺和Zn²⁺交换后，吸附剂的吸氮能力及氮氩分离能力降低；13X分子筛经Ca²⁺交换后，吸附剂的吸氮能力及氮氩分离能力随分子筛中钙离子交换度的增加而增大。对常压氮氩分离性能较好的CaNaX系列分子     

ADSORPTION AND RELEASING PROPERTIES OF BEAD CELLULOSE

The adsorption of some dyes on samples of bead cellulose obtained in the Unit of Research-Production “Cuba 9“ was studied. Methylene blue, alizarin red and congo red fitted the adsorption isotherm of Langrnuir. Adsorption kinetics at pH = 6 was linear with the square root of time indicating the diffusion is the controlling step. At pH = 12 a non-Fickian trend was observed and adsorption was higher for the first two dyes. Experiments carried out to release the methylene blue occluded in the cellulose beads gave a kinetic behavior of zero order. The study of cytochrome C adsorption was included to test a proteinic material. Crosslinking of bead cellulose was performed with epichlorohydrin decreasing its adsorption capacity in acidic or alkaline solution.