烟草对甘油的吸附

研究了水溶液中两种不同粒径的烟草对甘油的吸附作用。测定了两种不同粒径烟草在不同温度下的吸附等温线。考察了温度、酸度和乙醇对吸附的影响。结果表明：在稀溶液中吸附甘油符合Langmuir模型；烟草对甘油的吸附具有吸附速度快，温度影响小的特点。     

Investigation of Quantitative Relationship between Adsorbed Amount of Solute and Solvent Concentration at Relatively High Solute Con－centration by Frontal Analysis in RPLC

In previous paper a new adsorption isotherm which relates the amount of solute absorbed to the solvent concentration is pro-posed and simplified, and it only can be used at lower solute concentration. In this article the scope of the new adsorption isotherm is extended and the expressions with three and four parameters are obtained. The equations with multi-parameters are valid when the adsorbed mounts are larger and show non-linear logarithmic relationships. Tests with a homologue of are-matic alcohols by frontal analysis in reversed phase liquid chro-matography demonstrate that the experimental results fit those equations well. In addition, the predicted values by the multi-parameters were found to fit the experimental values well also. The parameters have physical meaning only for the two-param-eter equation for the aromatic alcohols.     

ADSORPTION OF 1,2,4-ACID BY WEAKLY BASIC RESIN： ISOTHERMS, THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS

The adsorption properties, including the adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics and kinetics, of l-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid (1,2,4-acid) onto weakly basic resin ND900 are investigated. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich equations can give a good fit to the adsorption isotherms, which indicates an endothermic and a favorable adsorption in our study range. A high yield in elimination of about 45.21%-97.28% is obtained for the tested adsorption systems. The capacity and affinity of the adsorption increase with temperature, due to the phenomena of “solvent-motivated” effects. The value of ΔH is 51.59 kJ/mol, which indicates a chemical adsorption and then expects the poor desorption property of ND900. The negative value of ΔG indicates the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process, and the positive value of ΔS shows the increased randomness at the solid/solution interface during the adsorption process. The value of the adsorption rate constant lower than 0.013 min^-1 is indicative of a slow adsorption rate. The intra-particle diffusion must be one of the rate limiting steps.     

十二烷基氧丙基-β-羟基三甲基溴化铵与阴离子聚电解质的缔合作用

运用电势滴定和表面张力法研究了阳离子表面活性剂十二烷基氧丙基－β－羟基三甲基溴化铵(C12NBr)与疏水修饰的丙烯酸类聚合物AMB，AMBA及柔性阴离子聚合物HPAM的结合等温线。结果表明，C12NBr与HPAM缔合过程中有明显的协同特征，即结合量突然上升，并且在很窄的表面活性剂浓度范围内达到饱和。C12NBr与AMB或ANBA的相互作用是非协同性的，结合等温线经历了较宽的浓度范围，没有明显的临界聚集浓度，结合量较小，此现象归结为这类聚合物具有较高的疏水性。     

ADSORPTION AND RELEASING PROPERTIES OF BEAD CELLULOSE

The adsorption of some dyes on samples of bead cellulose obtained in the Unit of Research-Production “Cuba 9“ was studied. Methylene blue, alizarin red and congo red fitted the adsorption isotherm of Langrnuir. Adsorption kinetics at pH = 6 was linear with the square root of time indicating the diffusion is the controlling step. At pH = 12 a non-Fickian trend was observed and adsorption was higher for the first two dyes. Experiments carried out to release the methylene blue occluded in the cellulose beads gave a kinetic behavior of zero order. The study of cytochrome C adsorption was included to test a proteinic material. Crosslinking of bead cellulose was performed with epichlorohydrin decreasing its adsorption capacity in acidic or alkaline solution.     

二组分气体在固体上吸附的研究(IV)

测定了丙酮－正己烷、甲苯－正己烷、苯－正己烷、正戊烷－正己烷四个二组分气体在部分石墨化的灯黑上的吸附等温线,并测定了单组分气体吸附等温线．对比了上述四个二组分气体,分别在硅胶、硅烷化硅胶和灯黑上吸附的十二个吸附体系的吸附规律．结果表明,二组分气体在吸附剂上的竞争吸附的强弱,基本上可以通过它们的纯组分气体在吸附剂上第一层吸附热Q1数值的大小加以预测．     

一种新的三元金属氢化物Mg2CoH5的制备及性质研究

由金属镁粉和钴粉,在350—500℃,15—50巴氢压下,制备了新的三元金属氢化物Mg_2CoH_5。 X粉末衍射证实,在400℃以下得到的氢化物为四方结构,其晶胞参数为a=4.4863,c=6.154在高于425℃时得到的氢化物为六方结构,其a=4.6754,c=10.0907。同时还测得了它的吸放氢速度,根据压力组成等温线的测定,求得了分解热焓。比表面、导电、催化性能也进行了测定。     

柠檬酸色谱分离过程的吸附性质研究

 提出了一种通过在分析型柱上测定和模拟不同温度时的柱床空隙率和吸附等温线等热力学性能的变化行为 ,来筛选和研究用于从发酵液中以色谱法分离提纯柠檬酸的固定相结构的方法。     

磷脂单分子膜普适状态方程研究

从现有的磷脂单分子膜状态方程入手, 以磷脂临界相变面积(A_c)和相变温度(T_c)为参比, 引入对比面积(A_r), 对比温度(T_r), 并通过分析磷脂分子间作用力和底液分子与磷脂分子间作用力的影响, 提出了第三参数——相对铺展因子的概念, 导出了磷脂单分子膜普适状态方程. 运用1,2-二豆蔻酰基-sn-丙三基-3-磷脂酸, 1,2-二豆蔻酰基-sn-丙三基-3-磷脂酰胆碱, 1,2-二棕榈酰基-sn-丙三基-3-磷脂酰胆碱等磷脂单分子膜的实验数据进行一致性校验的结果表明, 该模型在扩展膜(LE)直至凝聚膜(LC)的整个区域均能较好地描述磷脂单分子膜的π-A曲线. 所获得的各磷脂的相对铺展因子绝对值直接表明了该物质的成膜特性.