Optical humidity-sensitive mechanism based on refractive index variation

A novel composite model is put forward for humidity-sensitive material based on Maxwell-Garnett and effective medium theory. The analytical expression of the relation between effective refractive index and relative humidity is shown with different absorption factors and porosities. The larger the absorption factor is, the higher the refractive index is. The refractive index of humidity-sensitive SiO2 film decreases with the increase of ceramic material porosity. The sensitivity of optical humidity sensor can reach the magnitude of 10-3. In comparison with the experimental humidity-sensing curve by the method of p-polarized reflectance and the analysis of mechanism, theoretical simulation is in agreement with experimental results. Therefore, this composite model is proved to be reasonable which lays new theoretical foundation in further research on optical humidity sensor.     

MIL-125(Ti)及其氨基功能化材料修饰石英晶体微天平的湿敏性能

采用简单的溶剂热法制备金属有机框架化合物MIL-125(Ti)和NH_2-MIL-125(Ti)材料,并通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、傅氏转换红外线光谱分析仪和比表面积测试仪对所得样品进行表征。将2种材料修饰构建为石英晶体微天平传感器,测试其在11%～97%RH相对湿度范围内的湿度感测性能。实验结果表明,基于MIL-125(Ti)和NH_2-MIL-125(Ti)构建的传感器对湿度具有灵敏度高、重复性好、响应/恢复快等特点。相对于没有氨基修饰的MIL-125(Ti),NH_2-MIL-125(Ti)材料修饰的传感器对湿度表现出更高的响应性能。在环境湿度约52%时,NH_2-MIL-125(Ti)传感器对11%RH湿度响应值比MIL-125(Ti)湿度传感器的大57 Hz,说明氨基功能化对MIL-125(Ti)的湿敏性能有显著的增强作用。此外,通过Materials Studio模拟计算获得了水分子与MIL-125(Ti)及NH_2-MIL-125(Ti)作用的吸附焓,也证明氨基功能化对MIL-125(Ti)的湿度敏感性能具有增强作用。     

尿素水解法制备降解地表臭氧的Pd-Mnox/Al2O3催化剂

采用尿素水解法制备了Pd-MnOx/Al2O3催化剂,运用低温N2吸附-脱附和X射线衍射对其进行了表征,并评价了其催化降解地表O3反应活性,考察了Pd,MnOx焙烧时间和MnOx含量刘催化剂活性的影响.结果表明,在高空速(660000h-1)、高相对湿度(85%～90%)条件下,MnOx焙烧时间为6h且.MnOx含量为...     

用数字化实验演示浓硫酸的吸水性

浓硫酸的吸水性实验,尤其是浓硫酸对气体的干燥实验,难以用传统的实验手段演示。利用相对湿度传感器进行对比实验,分别测定有浓硫酸和没有浓硫酸的密闭容器中空气湿度的变化,可以非常明显地看到空气的湿度在浓硫酸作用下急剧减小,说明浓硫酸将空气中大部分水吸收了,从而得出浓硫酸具有吸水性,浓硫酸可以作为气体干燥剂。     

PCA法在分析大气气溶胶常量参数之间相关性分析中的应用

本研究采用日本产NL-20型气溶胶采集器采集大气气溶胶,测定了其溶解液的pH值和电导率．并用PCA（Principal Component Analysis）方法分析了五种因素之间的相关关系得出,TsP的浓度与电导率和相对湿度呈现显著正相关性,而TSP的浓度与pH值和温度呈现出负相关．     

相对湿度对材料表面粘附力影响的研究

利用自制微摩擦及粘附力测试装置考察了在微载荷条件下,相对湿度对Si(100)材料表面粘附力的影响,分析了在大气环境中水分子的毛细作用力和范德华力对粘附力的贡献,并以BET吸附模型为基础推导出考虑湿度影响的粘附力计算公式.结果表明:在微载荷条件下,相对湿度对材料表面的粘附力影响十分显著,随着相对湿度升高粘附力增加,特别是相对湿度RH在40%～80%之间时,粘附力变化最为显著;当相对湿度RH小于20%时,范德华力大于水的毛细作用力且占主导地位;当相对湿度RH大于20%后,水分子的毛细作用力不断增加,同时范德华力因水膜的存在而降低,水的毛细作用力占主导地位.     

Experimental investigations of granular shape effects on the generation of electrostatic charge

In solid processing systems, electrostatic problems are commonly observed for granules of various shapes. However, a complete understanding of the basic dependence of electrostatic charge generation on particle shape has yet to be established. This observation motivated the present study on examining the effect of granular shape on electrostatics. In this study, polyvinyl chloride （PVC） granules （diameter 1.1-4.1 ram, in the shape of a triangle or trapezium） were first discharged to remove any residual charges and sub- sequently their electrostatic charging characteristics were studied by allowing a granule to slide along a pipe wall. Several factors such as granular front-facing angle, length-ratio, sliding area, sliding orienta- tion, sliding times, and relative humidity were considered when studying their effects on the electrostatic charging of granules. It was found that triangular granules with smaller front-facing angles tended to generate more electrostatic charge. The amount of electrostatic charge increased with granular length- ratio and sliding area but decreased with humidity. In addition, granular sliding in the orientation of the front-facing angle （for triangular granules） or the short side （for trapezoidal granules） generated more electrostatic charge than that in the orientation of the long side. For both granule shapes, the elec- trostatic charge increased with granular sliding times and reached a saturated state after around 8-9 sliding movements. The saturated electrostatic charge increased with either granular length ratio or sliding area.     

Silicon推出全新温度传感器

<正>芯科实验室(Silicon Labs)推出相对湿度(RH)和温度传感器(Si701x/2x传感器),可大幅简化RH感测设计,同时提供业界领先的能效和易用性。新型系列产品可为家庭自动化、HVAC、冷藏、医疗照护、远程监控、汽车和工业设备等提供精确RH感应。当与Silicon Labs广受欢迎的节能型微控制器和无线IC产品相结合时,Si701x/2x系列产品可为连接到物联网的各种可连     

飞机设备舱通风结露试验研究

针对在潮湿环境或雨后天气,飞机设备舱内易出现的通风结露问题,首先理论分析通风结露问题以及解决措施;然后确定飞机设备舱通风结露缩比试验方案,最后进行了飞机设备舱通风结露缩比试验验证,结果表明:航空地面空调保障装备夏季送风过程,飞机设备舱内空气相对湿度先上升后下降,而上升的最大值近乎为100%,因而析出水滴,而先通热风再通冷风可以有效避免通风结露问题的发生,具有现实借鉴意义.     

PM2.5质量浓度廓线的激光雷达反演研究

针对PM2.5质量浓度在空间不同高度上的分布测量较难这一问题,采用激光雷达和大气透射仪以及粒径谱仪进行联合探测,反演PM2.5质量浓度廓线.考虑相对湿度等因素的影响,通过大气透射仪和粒径谱仪建立地面PM2.5质量浓度与大气透过率之间的函数关系.以大气透射仪所测地面大气透过率值为基准,修正激光雷达大气透过率在高空的边界值,结合Fernald后向积分法反演出大气透过率的垂直分布.依据建立的函数关系和大气透过率垂直分布,得到PM2.5质量浓度廓线,并采用HYSPLIT后向轨迹分析不同高度层气溶胶的输送和动态变化.通过激光雷达、大气透射仪和粒径谱仪的联合探测实验,结果表明:经大气透射仪修正后,大气透过率垂直分布精度得到了提高,PM2.5质量浓度廓线很好的反映了气溶胶垂直分布的微物理变化特征.