荷电颗粒在旋转环形通道内分离性能研究

为研究带电旋转环形通道内荷电颗粒的运动和沉积特性,本文使用计算流体力学两相流离散颗粒法对带电旋转环形通道内的荷电颗粒的运动过程进行了模拟。根据模拟结果分析了不同粒径、电压、入口雷诺数和通道长径比等参数对荷电颗粒运动和沉积的影响,研究了荷电颗粒在旋转通道内离心力与电场力之间的竞争关系,探索了离心力和电场力导致的荷电颗粒运动和沉积变化的规律。结果表明,单个不同粒径颗粒具有不同的颗粒逃逸电压区间,区间的大小随着颗粒粒径的增大而增大,且区间的宽度随着通道长径比的增大将会明显变小;多个颗粒的逃逸率曲线,不同粒径的颗粒将会有不同程度的交叉,随着长径比的增大,颗粒逃逸率曲线的高度与交叉会有明显的减小,而随着转速的增大,颗粒逃逸率曲线的交叉会有一定程度的减小,且高度不会有明显变化。     

运动电荷的电/磁场高斯定理的直接验证

尽管麦氏方程组的张量协变形式已然揭示了高斯定理的相对论协变性,但在大学物理的教学中仍然缺乏对运动电荷的高斯定理的切身体会与直接验证.本文首先运用电磁场张量变换的方法推导出运动电荷的电场与磁场强度,再运用积分及矢量运算的若干技巧,直接而简单地验证了高斯定理对于运动电荷的电场与磁场仍然满足,从而直接验证了电场与磁场的高斯定...     

导体壳内外的电场彼此独立的简易证明

本文提供了一种证明导体壳的内外电场彼此独立的简易方法.     

A novel simulation method to evaluate the collection performance of a monolithic active pixel sensor

A novel simulation method is presented in this paper to evaluate the collection performance of monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS) devices for minimum ionizing particle tracking. A simplified 3D matrix pixel structure is built using the computer aided design software Sentaurus. The virtual device is then divided into hundreds of parts and an independent customized X photon model is involved in each part to simulate the conditions under ⁵⁵Fe radiation. After data processing and analysis, charge collection efficiency, collection time and diffusion conditions can be estimated in detail. In order to verify the reliability of the method, comparisons are made between the simulations and experiments. Although there are some defects, it can be concluded that the proposed idea is a feasible method for the evaluation of the MAPS collection performance.     

重离子冷却储存环CSRm双电子复合实验研究类锂36,40Ar15+离子同位素移动

配备电子冷却装置的重离子储存环为开展高电荷态离子的双电子复合（dielectronic recombination,DR）精密谱学研究提供了绝佳的实验平台。本工作在兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环主环（HIRFL-CSRm）上开展了类锂36,40Ar15+离子的双电子复合实验,实验观测了电子-离子质心系能量范围为0~35 eV的双电子复合速率系数谱。通过外推法获得了36,40Ar15+离子2s_1/2→2p_1/2和2s_1/2→2p_3/2的跃迁能量。同时利用GRASP2K程序理论计算了36,40Ar15+离子2s_1/2→2p_1/2和2s_1/2→2p_3/2跃迁的质量移动因子和场移动因子,进而得到双电子复合谱的同位素移动值。36,40Ar15+离子2s_1/2→2p_1/2和2s_1/2→2p_3/2同位素移动分别为0.861 meV和0.868 meV。它们均小于目前CSRm上双电子复合实验的实验分辨为~10 meV,进而解释了实验测量的DR谱上未能观察到同位素移动的原因。然而,高电荷态离子的同位素移动场效应与原子序数Z5成正比,因此,在重离子加速器冷却储存环实验环（HIRFL-CSRe）以及未来大型加速器--强流重离子加速器装置（HIAF）上有望通过DR精密谱学方法研究高电荷态重离子甚至放射性离子的同位素移动,进而获得相关原子核的核电荷半径等信息。The cooler storage ring is equipped with an electron-cooler. It is an excellent experimental platform for dielectronic recombination (DR) experiment of highly-charged ions. In this paper, the dielectronic recombination experiments of lithium-like Ar15+ ions with mass number 36 and 40 are conducted at the HIRFL-CSRm(main ring of the Cooling Storage Ring of Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou). The experimental electron-ion collision energy scale is from 0 eV to 35 eV. Extrapolation method is exploited to obtain the excitation energies of transitions 2s_1/2→2p_1/2 and 2s_1/2→2p_3/2 of the 36,40Ar15+ ions from experimental data. Meanwhile, GRASP2K program is utilized to calculate the mass shift factors and field shift factors of 36,40Ar15+ ions for 2s_1/2→2p_1/2 and 2s_1/2→2p_3/2 transitions to obtain isotope shifts in DR spectra. In theoretical calculation, isotope shifts of 36,40Ar15+ ions corresponding to 2s_1/2→2p_1/2 and 2s_1/2→2p_3/2 are 0.861 meV and 0.868 meV, respectively. They are both less than the experimental precision (~10 meV) of these dielectronic recombination experiments at the CSRm, which explains that isotope shifts cannot be distinguished from the experimental dielectronic recombination spectra. However, the field shift of highly-charged ions is proportional to Z5. In the future, the dielectronic recombination experiments of highly-charged heavy ions even radioactive ions will be conducted at the HIRFL-CSRe (experimental ring of the Cooling Storage Ring of Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou) and the future large accelerator facility--HIAF(High intensity Heavy-ion Accelerator Facility) to measure isotope shifts to obtain the nuclear charge radius information.     

分子动力学模拟玻璃微球充气保气性能的机理

为了探讨载能重粒子辐照改善惯性约束聚变中所用玻璃微球的充气性能,以及热弛豫过程中改善其保气性能的微观机制,利用分子动力学的方法对载能重粒子辐照前后的SiO₂玻璃在内部形成气体扩散微通道的机理进行了模拟研究。结果表明,重粒子辐照可以在SiO₂玻璃中形成明显的扩散通道,说明辐照后的玻璃更适合通入Ar等较大尺寸气体;在高温高压的条件下,形成的扩散通道有逐渐关闭的趋势,辐照产生的缺陷能够在一定程度上得到修复。因此,利用重粒子辐照的方法,可在玻璃体中产生充气的微通道,该通道在高温高压下可实现关闭,从而起到开关的作用。模拟结果可为实验上通过重粒子辐照提升微球玻璃充气保气性能的方法提供理论支持,说明该方法具有可行性。     

掺杂含量对环氧纳米复合电介质陷阱与空间电荷的影响

环氧纳米复合电介质具有抑制空间电荷积聚、高电阻率、高击穿强度等优异性能,对直流电力设备的发展具有重要的作用.但纳米粒子含量对纳米复合电介质陷阱、电导率和空间电荷的影响机理尚不清楚.本文在纳米复合电介质交互区结构模型的基础上提出了计算交互区浅陷阱和深陷阱密度的方法,得到了浅陷阱和深陷阱密度随纳米粒子含量的变化关系.随着纳米粒子含量的增加,浅陷阱密度逐渐增大,深陷阱先增加然后由于交互区重叠的影响而逐渐减少.研究了纳米粒子含量对浅陷阱控制载流子迁移率的影响,发现随着纳米粒子的增多,浅陷阱大幅增多,浅陷阱之间的平均间距迅速减小,导致载流子更容易在浅陷阱间跳跃迁移,浅陷阱控制载流子迁移率增大.建立了纳米复合电介质的电荷输运模型,采用电荷输运模型计算研究了环氧/二氧化钛纳米复合电介质的空间电荷分布、电场分布和电导率特性.发现在纳米粒子添加量较小时,交互区的深陷阱对电导的影响起主导作用;纳米粒子添加量进一步增加,浅陷阱对电导的影响将起到主要作用.     

Novel high-voltage self-adaptive power device based on interface charge＊

This paper presents a novel high-voltage lateral double diffused metal-oxide semiconductor （LDMOS） with self- adaptive interface charge （SAC） layer and its physical model of the vertical interface electric field. The SAC can be self-adaptive to collect high concentration dynamic inversion holes, which effectively enhance the electric field of dielectric buried layer （EI） and increase breakdown voltage （BV）. The BV and EI of SAC LDMOS increase to 612 V and 600 V/tim from 204 V and 90.7 V/ttm of the conventional silicon-on-insulator, respectively. Moreover, enhancement factors of r/which present the enhanced ability of interface charge on EI are defined and analysed.     

梯形平行流换热器流量均布性模拟研究

运用数值模拟的方法,通过改变入口Re数分析U型和Z型两种不同进出口结构的梯形微通道换热器。研究表明:随着入口速度的增加,两种结构的总流量分配不均匀度变大,Z型结构梯形微通道换热器的不均匀度增加了约89.7%,U型结构梯形微通道换热器不均匀度增加了约87.7%,U型结构梯形微通道整体不均匀性比Z型结构梯形微通道不均匀性增加了12%-31%。入口速度较低时,两种结构梯形微通道的进出口压降比较接近,随着入口速度的增加,U型结构的进出口压降逐渐大于Z型。