电磁理论课程教学改革与实践

文章提出了构建电磁理论课程体系的基本原则，以四大客体为研究对象，四大关系为纲要，三大基本假设和场的迭加原理作为理论基础，适当吸收现代物理学和高新技术的科学结论和观点，将电磁学与电动力学整合为电磁理论课程，突出电磁场的波动性和相对性，拓展加深电磁势的内容，注重电磁理论所隐含的科学人文思想的发掘。对教学实践的具体成效进行全面总结。     

Conditional Generation of Multiparticle Entanglement via Cavity QED

We propose a simple scheme to not only generate GHZ states and W states of the multiparticle but also form a new category of multiparticle entangled states by letting the A-type three-level atoms simultaneously interacting with a coherent cavity field followed by the selective measurements on the cavity mode. We investigate the influence of the cavity dissipation on the generated entangled state and discuss the experimental feasibility of our scheme. It is shown that the intensity of the coherent cavity field plays an instructive role in contribution to state preparation process while the cavity decay and the detuning between the atoms and cavity mode result in the deterioration of the generated entangled state.     

Quantum Field Theory with a Minimal Length Induced from Noncommutative Space

From the inspection of noncommutative quantum mechanics, we obtain an approximate equivalent relation for the energy dependence of the Planck constant in the noncommutative space, which means a minimal length of the space. We find that this relation is reasonable and it can inherit the main properties of the noncommutative space. Based on this relation, we derive the modified Klein-Gordon equation and Dirac equation. We investigate the scalar field and φ4 model and then quantum electrodynamics in our theory, and derive the corresponding Feynman rules. These results may be considered as reasonable approximations to those of noncommutative quantum field theory. Our theory also shows a connection between the space with a minimal length and the noncommutative space.     

Scheme for Generalized Quantum State Sharing of a Single-Qubit State in Cavity QED

An experimentally feasible scheme for generalized quantum state sharing of an arbitrary unknown single- qubit state in cavity QED is presented. Using a generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger （GHZ） state as the quantum channel among the three parties, the quantum information （i.e. the single-qubit state） from the sender can be split in such a way that the information can be recovered if and only if both receivers collaborate. Moreover, the scheme is insensitive to both the effects of thermal field and cavity decay.     

粘性土壤中苯酚的电动力学迁移研究

采用电动力学技术修复苯酚污染的粘性土壤,研究了苯酚的吸附特性,以及粘土中苯酚的最佳萃取剂和萃取条件,并讨论了不同pH、含水率、电场强度及不同添加物条件下苯酚的迁移特性. 实验得出,苯酚的吸附符合Freundlich等温式,最大吸附量362 mg·kg^-1;用三氯甲烷做萃取剂,超声波20 min加恒温震荡30 min,从土壤中提取苯酚,萃取率可达到94.3%;土壤电动力学过程中苯酚向阳极迁移并在距离阳极0 ~ 6 cm处富集. 在pH值8.16,含水率为40%,电场强度为2 V·cm^-1条件下,阳极添加0.1 mol·L^-1 NaOH溶液,并向阴极添加0.05 mol·L^-1 LAS溶液,苯酚的迁移效果达到最佳,在距阳极0 cm和6 cm处苯酚富集倍数分别达到139.0%和133.7%.     

线偏振激光场中原子的多光子电离的光电子角分布研究

非微扰量子电动力学的发展使我们可以利用精确的波函数和非微扰的散射理论来研究多光子电离问题.文章作者及其合作者发展了光电子角分布的处理方法,利用复合相位Bessel函数来表征光电子的跃迁几率幅,将光电子的角分布与复合相位Bessel函数直接联系起来.研究发现,复合相位Bessel函数的性质决定了光电子角分布的主要特点及其随激光强度、频率以及光电子能量的演化.该理论不但证实了实验上已经观测到的各种光电子角分布,而且还预言了实验上尚未观测到的光电子角分布,确立了光电子角分布的标度定律.