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介绍了在SUNIST装置上进行的ECW辅助欧姆感应电流启动实验。在ECW(2.45GHz/20kW/10ms)和垂直场感应的共同作用下,先驱动起一个较小的等离子体电流(<1kA),再投入欧姆场,可以获得比常规欧姆放电更高的电流爬升速率,提高伏秒数的利用效率。这种启动方式为SUNIST欧姆放电提高了灵活性,可以在不进行硬件改动的前提下增加调节等离子体平衡的余量,拉长放电的持续时间。     

单空泡与自由液面相互作用规律研究进展

空化与空泡溃灭现象普遍存在于自然界、标识码械和生物医学等领域.空泡与自由面相互作用会产生瞬态强烈耦合,涉及到空泡非球形溃灭、自由面非线性变形及失标识码象,是流体力学领域重要的前沿与基础问题. 本文围绕这一热点,从空泡非球形演化和自由面变形规律角度出发,概标识码纳近年该领域的研究进展与成果. 对于近自由面空泡的非球形演化,基于表征开尔文冲量的无量纲参数,重点关注了体积振荡、射流生成、水锤效应及溃灭标识码生成等关键过程,介绍了关键参数的理论建模方法,获得了空泡溃灭过程中能量分配机制. 针对自由液面变形演化,根据细射流和粗射流生成和发展,归纳了 4 种典型现象及特点:透明水层及水柱生成、不稳定与稳标识码水裙结构. 进一步总结了开尔文冲量理论、界面凹陷奇点概念和泰勒不稳定性等理论模型的建立和应用,讨论了气泡溃灭过程、液面标识码界面稳定性等主要机制. 此外,本文也概述了空泡脉动对球状、圆柱状等非平面液面变形行为的影响,归纳了曲率对于液面变形的影响机制. 最后,针对目前研究状况提出该领域研究中尚未解决的问题,期望对将来的空泡及空泡群与自由液面相互作用深入研究提供借鉴.      

聚合氯化铝制备球形拟薄水铝石和γ-Al_2O_3的研究Ⅰ——制备条件探讨

采用实验室自制的聚合氯化铝为原料,结合溶胶-凝胶法和油滴法制备球形拟薄水铝石及其衍生物γ-Al2O3,采用XRD,TEM和N2吸附法对样品进行了分析表征,探讨了不同pH值、不同铝形态含量的聚合氯化铝、不同煅烧温度及不同表面活性剂对产物结构性质的影响。结果表明:pH值在8.5附近合成的水合氧化铝以拟薄水铝石为主;高Alc含量的聚合氯化铝有利于形成高比表面积的球形产物;在450～750℃下煅烧产物为球形γ-Al2O3,并且随温度升高,产物比表面积下降、孔径增大,孔容变化不明显,在1000℃下煅烧产物为球形θ-Al2O3与γ-Al2O3的混合物;随着聚乙二醇表面活性剂分子量的增加,所得球形γ-Al2O3的孔容和孔径增大,聚乙二醇10000的扩孔效果最好,450℃下煅烧所得球形γ-Al2O3的比表面积、孔容分别达326m2·g-1、0.55cm3·g-1。     

气液接触法制备球形氢氧化镁

利用气液接触法成功合成出了形状规则的球形氢氧化镁,并用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、热重(TG-DTG)、扫描电镜(SEM)和激光粒度仪表征了所得产品的结构、形貌、及粒度分布等性质。结果显示：所得球形氢氧化镁颗粒分散性较好,样品的表观粒径D₅₀=7.41μm,热分解温度始于363.6℃。最后根据气液接触反应的原理及氨气易挥发和被吸收的性质,对球形氢氧化镁的形成机理进行了讨论。     

静止空气中球形雨滴收尾速率及斯托克斯黏性阻力使用条件

文章利用光滑球体空气阻力系数较为准确的Wallis公式,逐步地分析计算出20℃的静止空气中不同半径球形雨滴的收尾速率,并与部分实际测量值进行比较,指出差距的原因.文章又以Wallis公式为标准,估计出在精度要求不是太高的情况下,光滑球体的斯托克斯一次方黏性阻力公式大致适用于Re<0.1的雷诺数区间,其间的相对误差<3.0%.这对20℃的静止空气中雨滴下落时斯托克斯公式始终能够成立的半径要求便是r<1.9×10^-5 m,可见斯托克斯公式完全不能适用于通常大小的雨滴.文章指出,撰文的目的在于对球形模型下雨滴的收尾速率进行较为精确的计算,以弥补其他某些文献的不足,而所使用的Wallis拟合公式相对最值得信耐.     

Time—Frequency Analysis of Electromagnetic Pulse Response from a Spherical Target

Transient backscattering from a spherical target under incidence of an electromagnetic pulse is studied.The target can be a perfectly conducting sphere,a dielectric sphere or a dielectric spherical shell.To understand the scattering mechanism from transient impulse echoes for target detection,both the short-time Fourier transform(STFT) and the wavelet transfrom(WT) are applied to retrieval of scattering information from the backscattering data.Analysis in both the time and frequency domains demonstrates that the WT is more feasible than the STFT to clarifying scattering process of the scatterer because of its excellent multi-resolution characteristic.This technique shall be helpful for scattering analysis and detection of more complex single or multi-targets.     

一个四阶方程组在全直线上的整体吸引子

This paper studies the long time behavior of the following Cauchy problem The authors prove the existence of global attractor by showing the corresponding operator semigroup is asymptotically compact.     

A New Semi-Empirical Method for Total Cross Sections of Electron Scattering from Spherical Polyatomic Molecules at 30-5000 eV

Electron scattering from spherical polyatomic molecules in the intermediate and high energy range is studied by employing the developed semi-empirical formula for electron scattering from simple diatomic molecules. The total cross sections of electron scattering from CF4 and CC14 are obtained over the incident energy range 30-5000 eV. The quantitative total cross sections are compared with the measurements and with the other calculations wherever available including the results derived from the additivity rule model and the correlated optical potential [Chin. Phys. Left. 21 (2004) 474], and good agreement is obtained over the incident energy range 30-5000eV. It is shown that the calculations derived from the semi-empirical formula are much closer to the measurements than other calculations. Finally, some quantitative information of the single Yukawa potential is also obtained.     

等离子体理论—用球形托卡马克建立D-^3He聚变反应堆的可能性

最近几年，在磁约束聚变研究中，一类新的途径，即叫做球型托卡马克或叫做球形环的途径，取得了重要的进展,同时，托卡马克继续取得进展，国际热核实验反应堆计划（ITER）已进入实施阶段。在球形环实验中，经常可以达到高达50％以上的磁流体稳定的比压值。球形环的约束定标关系，虽然不如托卡马克那样具有庞大的数据库，但看起来也不比托卡马克差。于是，基于D及^3He之类先进燃料的聚变反应堆的兴趣有所回升，因为这类反应堆产生的高能中子的数量要小很多，后者对第一壁的损伤使得壁材料问题成为一个很困难的问题。本文利用ITER设计中公认的定标律及运行参数窗口来探讨建立基于球形环概念的D和^3He燃料的聚变反应堆的可能性。     

Magnetic Fluctuation Measurement in Sino United Spherical Tokamak Plasma

To investigate the magnetic fluctuations and for further transport study, the poloidal and radial magnetic field t is conducted on the Sino United Spherical Tokamak （SUNIST）. Auto-power spectral density indicares that the magnetic fiuctuation energy mainly concentrates in the frequency region lower than lO kttz. The magnetic field oscillations, which are characterized by harmonic frequencies of 40 kHz, are observed in the scrape- off layer; by contrast, in the plasma core, the magnetic fluctuations are of Gaussian type. The time-frequency profiles show that the poloidal magnetic fluctuations are temporally intermittent. The autocorrelation calculation indicates that the fluctuations in decorrelation time vary between the core and the edge.