双晶铝晶界弛豫的转变温度

测量了夹角分别为60°和153.4°的[110]对称倾侧铝双晶晶界的扭转滞弹性蠕变曲线,指出了晶界的弛豫强度在低于温度T₀时变为零,此温度(T₀)约等于该金属的熔点温度(T_m)的二分之一,这说明晶界的内部结构在这个温度的附近发生了显著的变化。 关键词：     

玻璃化转变机制的串模型与液态低频力学谱研究

本文对近期本课题组在玻璃化转变研究工作进行了扼要的总结。主要包括我们提出的玻璃化转变机制的申模型、发明的一种液态低频力学谱方法、以及用该方法对水的玻璃化转变的表征。     

不透明玻璃显现出的曙光——块体金属玻璃的发现与应用

在足够高的冷却速度下，如同其他大多数物质一样，金属合金溶体在冷冷却到室温的过程中能够经过玻璃化转变过程变成非晶态固体——金属玻璃。金属玻璃因其具有许多优异和独特的物理、化学和力学性能而一直受到很大的关注。在过去，由于玻璃形成能力的限制，金属合金只能制成厚度为数十数米的薄带状金属玻璃，因而其应用范围受到极大的限制。通过对金属合金的组成、溶体的过冷与稳定性及玻璃形成能力的关系研究，人们用常规的方法在较低的冷却速度下就能在许多金属合金体系中形成三给尺度都达毫米至数厘米的块体金属玻璃，这为金属玻璃获得广泛的应用奠定了基础。     

邻苯二甲酸二甲酯系材料的液态簧振动力学谱测量

用液态簧振动力学谱方法对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的系列样品进行了测量. 在升温过程中所测温区范围内，结果表明邻苯二甲酸二甲酯样品相继发生了动力学玻璃化转变、过冷液态的结晶、晶体—液态相变和挥发过程，而在邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯样品中仅仅发生了动力学玻璃化转变和挥发过程. 上述实验结果与分析表明，液态簧振动力学谱方法是研究拥有液态过程的可靠和有效的方法，并且能够提供物质变化的丰富信息.     

类涡旋激发持续到远高于Tc的温度

金属和半导体的磁电效应在凝聚态物理研究中占有重要地位 .例如 ,通过霍尔效应和磁电阻的测量 ,可以决定半导体中载流子的符号、浓度和迁移率 ,决定材料中电子散射机制 ,进而探索电子结构 .磁电效应测量按电流和外场的相对取向以及是否存在温度梯度 ,被分为若干类 ,让我们举例说明 .令矩形被测样品躺在ｘｙ平面 ,测量电流Ｊｘ 沿ｘ方向通入 ,外场Ｂ⊥ 与样品表面垂直即沿ｚ方向 .如果我们测量横向电场Ｅｙ,则得到霍尔效应 ;如果测量横向温度梯度δＴ δｙ ,则得到埃廷斯豪森 (Ｅｔｔｉｎｇ ｓｈａｕｓｅｎ)效应 ;如果测量的是纵向温度梯度δ…     

高取代度玉米醋酸酯淀粉的制备与表征

高取代度玉米醋酸酯淀粉的制备与表征;取代度;醋酸酯淀粉;玻璃化转变温度;结晶度     

金属Cu晶化与玻璃化行为的分子动力学模拟

A series of simulations of the crystallization and vitrification processes for metal Cu were carried out by means of the molecular dynamics technique. The radial distribution function, common neighbors, internal energy and volume of the system were recorded during the processes. The atomic internal energy, atomic Voronoi volume and atomic stress field of the relax system were analyzed at zero temperature. The interaction between atoms in the system is described using the embedded atom potential as proposed by Mishin. The simulation results show that crystalline and non-crystalline phases form at lower and higher cooling rates respectively. In comparison to nanocrystals, it is found that metallic glass has higher internal energy and larger volume. The intrinsic stress field is induced by distortion of the lattice.     

高聚物负载双金属催化剂催化二氧化碳-氧化环己烯的共聚反应

由CO2 氧化环己烯 (CHO)配位催化共聚制得高Tg 的脂肪族聚碳酸亚环己基酯 ,并用IR、NMR和DSC等进行了表征 ,用TG对聚合物的热稳定性进行分析 .加入环氧丙烷 (PO)三元共聚并分析PO/CHO摩尔比对Tg 的影响 .加入异氰酸苯酯有提高产物特性粘数的作用     

Synthesis and Characterization of Soluble Polyester Based on Calixarene Dicarboxylic Acid with Tertiary Butyl Pendant Groups

A series of new polycalixesters(PCES) were synthesized by polyesterification of calixarene dicarboxylic acid derivatives having tertiary butyl pendant groups at the upper rim using five different diols. All polyesters were readily soluble in polar solvents such as NMP(N-methylpyrrolidone), DMF(dimethylformamide), DMSO(dimethylsulfoxide), pyridine, THF(tetrahydrofurane), HMPA(hexamethylenephosphoramide) and DMAC(dimethylacetamide). The PCES were also partially soluble in TCE(tetrachloroethane) and ethanol and they were unsoluble in aceton. The glass transition temperatures of polyesters were between 80-184 °C, the crystallinity temperatures of polyesters were between 130–212 °C and the melting temperatures of polyesters were between 185–234 °C, as determined by differential scanning calorimeter(DSC). The inherent viscosities of polyesters were obtained from 0.55 dL/mg to 0.61 dL/mg. The temperatures at 10% weight loss of polyesters ranged from 182 °C to 237 °C. The temperatures at 25% weight loss of polyesters ranged from 258 °C to 331 °C. The half weight loss(50%) temperatures of polyesters were among 315 °C to 371 °C and the char yields at 600 °C were determined within 13% to 22.3% in N2 atmosphere, as determined by thermo gravimetric analysis(TGA). The polyester, PES3, has the higher melting point(234 °C) and higher inherent viscosity(molecular weight) than the other polyesters.