烷烃类分子对NCO(A2∑+)自由基的猝灭

采用激光光解-激光诱导荧光(LP-LIF)的方法,用266 nm激光光解CHBr3分子产生CH自由基,再与N2O继续反应作为NCO自由基的产生源,用438.6 nm激光将电子基态X2∏i(0010)的NCO激励到激发态A2∑+(00°0)上,通过检测激发态NCO时间分辨荧光信号,测得室温(298 K)下NCO(A2∑+)被烷烃类分子猝灭的实验结果,获得了A2∑+(00°0)态猝灭速率常数.实验发现,随着烷烃分子中C-H键数增加,其猝灭截面也近线性增加,但随着分子体积增大,这种增加趋缓.     

虫草素的全合成研究

虫草素具有广谱的生物活性和药理学作用,有着重要的开发价值.为了大量制备高纯度虫草素,分别以D-葡萄糖和D-木糖为原料,以Barton-McCombie反应脱去葡糖糖和木糖3’-羟基合成得到3’-脱氧核糖为关键步骤,分别经过8步和7步化学反应以37%和40%的总产率完成了虫草素的全合成,产物纯度>98.5%.     

α-甲基苯乙烯共聚物接枝碳纳米管超疏水表面的制备

采用自由基聚合法将共聚物接枝到多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)上制备超疏水表面。结果表明,以α-甲基苯乙烯(AMS)与甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)为单体,经自由基聚合可得到共聚物AMS-co-BMA(PAB),其热降解产物接枝到MWCNT表面可制得与水滴静态接触角为165°,滚动角小于3°的超疏水表面。SEM分析结果表明,共聚物的接枝一方面增大了管间的空隙,增加了表面粗糙度,另一方面又为降低表面能提供了条件。不同pH值液滴测试及放置时间的影响结果表明,该超疏水表面具有较好的稳定性和耐久性。     

表面接枝含氟苯乙烯共聚物的聚酯薄膜制备与表征

利用表面引发原子转移自由基聚合(SI-ATRP)在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)薄膜表面接枝苯乙烯和4-氟苯乙烯的共聚物.研究不同反应时间和不同配比下接枝共聚物对聚酯薄膜表面组成、结构和性能的影响.通过傅利叶变换红外光谱仪(ATR/FTIR),X-射线光电子能谱仪(XPS),凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对接枝改性前后PET薄膜的表面组成,结构和形貌进行分析;利用接触角测试和表面能计算对比研究接枝改性前后PET薄膜的表面性能.结果表明反应时间和单体百分含量对接枝百分率及接触角有一定的影响,随着反应时间的增长,聚酯薄膜表面接枝百分率增大,接触角增加,表面自由能下降.     

1,2-Dihydroparatocarpin A的全合成

以对羟基苯甲醛和2,4-二羟基苯乙酮为起始原料,经C-异戊烯基化、保护酚羟基、羟醛缩合、DDQ环化及对甲基苯磺酸催化环化等反应,首次完成了天然异戊烯基查尔酮衍生物1,2-Dihydroparatocarpin A的全合成,总收率21.8%。化合物的结构经1H NMR,IR和MS确认。     

α，ω-二羧基-甲基丙烯酸丁酯低聚物的合成及MS分析

利用传统自由基聚合法，在四氢呋喃溶液中自由基引发聚合甲基丙烯酸丁酯单体而得到ω-羧基-甲基丙烯酸丁酯低聚物(CTBMA)(分子量在1500左右)；利用CTBMA末端酯基的反应特性，在二氧六环／水／KOH混合溶液中皂化CTBMA，使之转化为α，ω-羧基甲基丙烯酸丁酯低聚物(di-CTBMA)；研究了溶剂的类别、反应时间等反应条件对皂化产物结构的影响；利用MALDI-TOF-MS及LSIMS对皂化各阶段产物进行了分析监测．实验表明，在适当的皂化条件下，CTBMA皂化时主要为末端酯基转化为羧基，相应得到的产物di-CTMBA具有很好的结构特性，其官能团度(functionality)接近2．     

硫化铜空心球的合成和生长机理及其在抗肿瘤中的应用

以Cu(NO_3)_2·3H_2O,H_2C_2O_4和Na_2S·9H_2O为原料,利用简易水热方法合成了笼状硫化铜空心球。所得产物用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)进行了表征,并研究了其可能的形成机理。所得CuS空心球具有较高的光热转换性能,在近红外光辐照下,对肿瘤细胞具有明显的光热毒性。     

1, 1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁介导的芳烃碳氢键芳基化反应制备联芳基骨架

The broad existence of the biaryl linkage in bioactive organic molecules and functional materials makes it an attractive synthesis target via construction of aryl-aryl carbon bonds. Transition metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of two pre-functionalized aryl partners, e.g., Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and Negishi cross-coupling reactions, are the main methods typically used for the construction of biaryl linkages. Since the end of the last century, transition metal catalyzed direct C―H arylation of unactivated arenes has emerged as a practical alternative to the well-established cross-coupling strategies. However, the use of transition metal catalysts and/or organometallic reagents would lead to problems, such as the disposal of waste from large-scale syntheses and the removal of heavy metal contaminants from pharmaceutical intermediates. In this regard, the base-promoted homolytic aromatic substitution (BHAS) reaction of aryl halides with unactivated arenes offers a simpler strategy for the synthesis of biaryl scaffolds, and avoids the use of transition metals. Although the BHAS reaction can proceed to a small extent without any additives, particularly at elevated temperatures, the addition of organic promoters would significantly accelerate the reaction rate and improve the overall efficiency of the process. Over the past ten years, a wide variety of N- and O-based organic promoters have been developed to promote the BHAS reaction in the presence of the tert-butoxide base. The mechanism of the BHAS reaction has been studied extensively, and is accepted as occurring via a radical chain process involving an aryl radical. However, the role and mode of initiation of most organic promoters studied remain controversial. The development of more and varied organic promoters will surely promote the mechanistic understanding and further development of the BHAS reaction. Herein, we report that 1, 1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf, or DPPF) can act as a P-based promoter to facilitate the direct arylation of unactivated arenes with aryl iodides using potassium tert-butoxide as the base and electron donor. A broad range of aryl iodides and arenes reacted smoothly under the optimized reaction conditions, giving arylated products in good yields and with high regio-selectivity. Intramolecular C―H arylation also worked well following a sequence of single electron transfer (SET)/initiation, 5-exo-trig aryl radical addition, ring expansion, deprotonation, and re-aromatization/propagation. A mechanistic study indicated that the diphenylphosphino group of dppf played a vital role in the initiation step by enhancing the SET-inhibiting ability of the tert-butoxide anion. A primary kinetic isotope effect was observed in the parallel reactions between 4-methoxy-iodobenzene with benzene and deuterated benzene, implying that the deprotonation of the cyclohexadienyl radical intermediate by tert-butoxide was the rate-determining step in the radical chain pathway.     

含吗啉基片段的水杨醛席夫碱类化合物的合成及其淬灭1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基性能

通过3-氟-4-吗啉基苯胺和取代水杨醛缩合反应,合成了14个含吗啉基片段水杨醛席夫碱类化合物(Ⅰa-Ⅰn)。通过核磁共振波谱仪(NMR)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、液相色谱-质谱联用仪(LC-MS)和元素分析等技术手段研究了产物的结构和淬灭1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基的活性。 结果表明,在0.02~0.10 g/L,所有化合物均表现出一定的淬灭DPPH自由基活性。 其中,化合物Ⅰd和Ⅰf表现出较为优异的性能,化合物Ⅰd的活性在30%~55%,化合物Ⅰf的活性则大于50%。 随着化合物Ⅰd、Ⅰh、Ⅰj和Ⅰn质量浓度的增大,其淬灭DPPH自由基的活性均呈现增强趋势。     

原子转移自由基聚合技术用于以单分散树脂为基质的温敏色谱固定相的制备及性能评价

以α-溴异丁酰溴为引发剂,CuCl/CuCl2/2,2′-联二吡啶(Bpy)为催化体系,在室温条件下通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)使N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)键合在单分散交联聚甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯树脂（PGMA/EDMA 树脂）表面,制备了具有温敏性的聚合物色谱填料,并用元素分析、红外光谱等对其进行了表征;详细考察了该填料对芳香烃化合物的分离性能、温敏性能、稳定性和重现性。元素分析得出NIPAM单体的接枝率为10.4%;通过改变温度,可以有效地分离对羟基苯甲醛、邻甲酚和4-丁基苯胺3种混合物。结果表明,所合成的固定相具有很好的色谱性能和温敏性能,稳定性和重现性良好。