Using Digital Imaging to Characterize Threshold Dynamic Parameters in Porous Media Based on Lattice Boltzmann Method

Digital images (DI) and lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) are used to characterize the threshold dynamic parameters of porous media. Two-dimensional representations of the porous structure are reconstructed from segmentation of digital images obtained from a series of tiny samples. The threshold pressure gradients and threshold Péclet numbers are researched on seven test samples by using LBM. Numerical results are in agreement with that obtained by integrating Darcy’s law. The results also indicate that fluids can flow through porous media only if the fluid force is large enough to overcome threshold pressure gradient in porous media. One synthetic case is used to further illustrate the applicability of the proposed technique. In addition, the dynamical rules in our model are local, therefore it can be run on parallel computers with well computational efficiency.     

一种新的膜系设计方法——Needle法

Ｎｅｅｄｌｅ法是一种先进的膜系设计方法，它克服了传统优化方法容易陷入局部极值的缺点，通过在膜系中插入薄层，使得评价函数降低，优化设计可以从任意给定的一层膜开始，文中给出了其数学模型及详细的推导。     

固体表面上流动膜沸腾与液滴蒸发机理研究的新进展

当单个液滴落在温度超过某一临界值的炽热固体表面上时,液滴会像弹性球一样跳跃,并伴随着液滴表面蒸发而滴径逐步缩小.这种现象由J.G.Leidenfrost在1756年所发现,是物理学上著名的“球化态”奇异现象,称为Leidenfrost现象.出现此现象的热表面临界温度则称为 Leidenfrost温度(LFT).不同液体在不同压力下和不同表面状况的LPT是不同的.常压下水在一般平整度的钢铁表面上的LFT大约为300℃.液滴大小不同时所呈现的Leidenfrost现象也会有差异.滴径较大的液滴撞击温度超过LFT的热表面时,将克服表面张力的制约而伸展成圆盘状,悬浮在炽热固体…     

蓝色铬膜层的电沉积机理

本文通过对蓝色铬膜层的XPS分析及电化学方法研究了该膜层的沉积过程。结果表明,整个膜层可分为:120nm厚的交界层(主要成分是Cr和基底Ni),250nm厚的中间层(Cr_2O_3,Ct和CtSe,后者决定了膜层呈蓝色),以及100nm厚的表面层(吸附的Cr(Ⅵ)、Cr(Ⅲ),SeO_4~(2-)和Se),对电沉积历程和机理进行了探讨。     

Ce-Pt-Pd/不锈钢丝网催化剂的制备与催化性能

采用阳极氧化技术在不锈钢丝网上自生长了一层结构致密的阳极氧化膜,并以此为载体,制备出一种高活性、高稳定性的负载型Ce-Pt-Pd催化剂.考察了该系列催化剂对甲苯、丙酮和乙酸乙酯的氧化活性,并用扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱和程序升温氧化技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,不锈钢丝网载体表面自生长的氧化物膜十分有利于活性组分的负载,制得的催化剂具有较高的催化燃烧有机化合物的活性和稳定性.     

有序GaxIn1—xP（x=0.52）光致发光谱研究

报道了对有序ＧａｘＩｎ１－ｘＰ（ｘ＝０．５２）样品的变温和变激发功率密度的ＰＬ谱的研究。在低温Ｔ＝１７Ｋ，低激发功率密度下，谱线呈双峰结构，在低激发功率密度下升高温度，低能端的发光峰发生热猝灭，并在８５Ｋ完全消失。     

Determination of the Potential Barrier at the Metal／Oxide Interface in a Specular Spin Valve Structure with Nano—oxide Layers Using Electron Holography

The local potential distribution in a specular spin valve structure with nano-oxide layers has been mapped by using off-axis electron holography in a field emission gun transmission electron microscope.A potential jump of 3-4 V across the metal/oxide interface was detected for the first time.The presence of the potential barrier confirms the formation of the metal/insulator/metal structure,which contributes to the increasing mean free path of spin-polarized elecrons via the specular reflection of spin-polarized electrons at the metal/oxide interface.It leads to nearly double enhancement of the magnetoresistance ratio from 8% to 15%.