基于超声波换能器的钢筋机械损伤与锈蚀损伤检测及其对比研究

超声导波检测技术有检测耗时少、覆盖范围大等优点.为检测钢筋混凝土结构中钢筋损伤,采用超声波换能器研究不同深度和位置的机械损伤对超声导波传播的影响,建立损伤程度与导波特征关系.通过反射系数C定量分析损伤程度,并结合损伤反射回波判断损伤位置.在钢筋点锈蚀以及均匀锈蚀损伤检测中,锈蚀程度达到最大时,L波实际波速分别为4 738.1 m·s^-1和5 069.7 m·s^-1,以此区分锈蚀损伤与机械损伤,最后基于小波变换的时频分析判断损伤状况.研究成果可为钢筋损伤检测研究提供参考.     

用于无创血糖检测的调频连续波激光雷达技术理论分析

连续无创血糖检测能够更好地实现对糖尿病的管理和治疗.提出一种利用调频连续波(FMCW)激光雷达技术实现无创血糖测量的方案,通过检测皮肤散射系数的改变来测量血糖浓度的变化.与传统的光学相干层析成像血糖检测法相比,结构更简单,利于实现仪器的小型化、便携化.FMCW激光雷达无创血糖测量系统采用差分干涉的方法,将时域的信号转移...     

科苑快讯

绝对湿度对流感的影响虽然流感的发病原因至今不明，但是最近一份对过去研究数据的重新分析显示，较低的“绝对”湿度（而不是以前认为的“相对”湿度）更利于流感病毒的生存和传播。研究人员一般以“相对湿度”作为空气中水分含量的检测指标。相对湿度是指在特定温度下，水分的实际含量和可能存在的最大含量的比值。最大含量会随温度呈指数增加，     

宝兴大理石矿的放射性检测

宝兴县境内的大理石资源以其白度高、储量丰、品质优、易开采而享誉中外。对四川省宝兴县陇东镇大理石矿区进行了放射性环境地质调查,通过对取回的大理石样品中226Ra、232Th、40K这3种核素的比活度的测定,根据比活度换算出这几种核素的外照射指数和内照射指数,把所得结果和中华人民共和国国家标准《建筑材料放射性核素限量》中规定的建筑性材料分类标准作对比后发现其内照射指数与外照射指数都符合《建筑材料放射性核素限量》中A类建筑材料和装饰材料的要求,它的产销与适用范围不受限制。     

Novel correction method for X-ray beam energy fluctuation of high energy DR system with a linear detector

A high energy digital radiography (DR) testing system has generated diverse scientific and technological interest in the field of industrial non-destructive testing. However, due to the limitations of manufacturing technology for accelerators, an energy fluctuation of the X-ray beam exists and leads to bright and dark streak artifacts in the DR image. Here we report the utilization of a new software-based method to correct the fluctuation artifacts. The correction method is performed using a high pass filtering operation to extract the high frequency information that reflects the X-ray beam energy fluctuation, and then subtracting it from the original image. Our experimental results show that this method is able to rule out the artifacts effectively and is readily implemented on a practical scanning system.     

Non-contact evaluation of the resonant frequency of a microstructure using ultrasonic wave

This paper presents a novel non-contact method for evaluating the resonant frequency of a microstructure, Firstly, the microstructure under test is excited by ultrasonic waves. This excitation method does not impose any undefined load on the specimen like the electrostatic excitation and also this is the first actual use of ultrasonic wave for exciting a microstructure in the literature. Secondly, the amplitudes of the microstructure are determined by image edge detection using a Mexican hat wavelet transform on the vibrating images of the microstructure. The vibrating images are captured by a CCD camera when the microstructure is vibrated by ultrasonic waves at a series of discrete high frequencies （〉30 kHz）. Upon processing the vibrating images, the amplitudes at various excitation frequencies are obtained and an amplitude-frequency spectrum is obtained from which the resonant frequency is subsequently evaluated. A micro silicon structure consisting of a perforated plate （192 × 192 μm） and two cantilever beams （76 × 43 μm） which is about 4 μm thickness is tested. Since laser interferometry is not required, thermal effects on a test object can be avoided. Hence, the setup is relatively simple. Results show that the proposed method is a simple and effective approach for evaluating the dynamic characteristics of microstructures.     

英国研制手持式检测仪器识别假酒

英国技术人员正在研制一种手持式设备，从而可通过瓶子快速检测假冒威士忌和葡萄酒，此举旨在打击假冒威士忌和葡萄酒的行为。根据苏格兰威士忌协会的资料，在创纪录的2010年，备受欢迎的酒类销售为英国的出口增加了34．5亿英镑。威士忌在金砖四国的销量也显著增加。其中在中国增加了24％，达到5500万英镑。然而与此同时，假冒威士忌和葡萄酒的情况也屡屡发生。     

量子宇宙学

本文对HawKing等人在量子宇宙学框架中的发展作了全面的总结,并对此框架中出现的新的概念及各种模型及结果作了概括和讨论。     

重正化群与渗流理论

本文由一系列讲演组成,内容包括:临界现象与渗流,标度理论,位置空间重正化群与渗流,位置空间重正化群用于热力学相变,动量空间重正化群与高斯模型和动量空间重正化群用于S~4模型。     

相变与临界现象(Ⅰ)——临界现象引论

本文是由一系列讲演所组成,它包括相变与临界观象的基础理论及精确解。全文共分五部分——临界现象导论,Ising模型,顶角模型,渗流及模型理论综述。