"导棒"的启动方式与收尾状态探析

机车的启动问题是机械能部分的重要内容．无独有偶，在磁场中滑轨上的导棒也存在类似的启动问题(简称滑轨问题)，而且两者之间还有相通之处．笔者下面就磁场中导棒的启动方式与收尾状态逐一剖析，与同行探讨．     

SEQUENTIAL QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING METHODS FOR OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS WITH STATE CONSTRAINTS

A Kind of direct methods is presented for the solution of optimal control problems with state constraints.These methods are sequential quadratic programming methods.At every iteration a quadratic programming which is obtained by quadratic approximation to Lagrangian function and Linear approximations to constraints is solved to get a search direction for a merit function.The merit function is formulated by augmenting the Lagrangian funetion with a penalty term.A line search is carried out along the search direction to determine a step length such that the merit function is decreased.The methods presented in this paper include continuous sequential quadratic programming methods and discreate sequential quadrade programming methods.     

工程项目施工状态诊断模型

文章提出了工程项目施工的投资状态函数、进度状态函数、质量状态函数和环境状态函数，并以状态函数为基础，建立了项目施工状态诊断模型。文章给出各层次中的状态函数，理出了施工状态量化诊断的思路，对各层次中状态诊断函数的描述作了探索。     

电磁加载下的高能量密度物理问题研究

1物质的高能量密度状态文中所述的高能量密度状态是指物质由于受到外界能量输入或自身能量转换,使其内能增大而造成的高压力、高密度和高温度状态。能量的体积密度的量纲等同于压力的量纲,由此可知内能增加量为1MJ/cm3时,物质内部的压力约为1TPa量级。通常认为在高能量密度状态下,固体物质的可压缩性应有显著影响,气态物质应达到接近极限压缩的程度,相当于0.1TPa或0.1MJ/cm3的内能密度。密度为0.01g/cm3的物质被加热到100eV,其压力则为0.1TPa,对氢气而言比能量约10MJ/g。高能炸药PBX-9404的化学反应能密度约为0.0096MJ/cm3,爆压为36…     

势能的对称性与守恒定律

本文分析了势能的时空对称性与三个守恒定律的关系。     

Pseudo-Spin-Valve Trilayer Using Amorphous CoNbZr Layer： Giant Magnetoresistance, Domain Structures and Potentials for Spin-Electronic Devices

We propose a pseudo-spin-valve (PSV) trilayer using amorphous CoNbZr Mloy for soft magnetic layers. The giant magnetoresistance (GMR), domain structures and their variation upon thermal annealing are investigated. The GMR effect is not only stable up to 300℃ but also enhanced due to the improvement of the interfaces between Cu and magnetic layers. With high annealing temperature, the magnetoresistance (MR) ratio decreases rapidly as a result of serious layer interdiffusion. Dense stripe domains, which disappear after annealing at 300℃ for 1h, are observed in the sandwiched films. It is found that after patterning to elliptic stripe with aspect ratio of 6:1, the trilayers have a single domain and their MR ratio increases. The dynamic MR behaviour under an ac magnetic field indicates that the patterned stripes have good linear MR responses. Therefore, it is believed that the CoNbZr/Cu/Co PSV trilayers have strong potentials for spin-electronic devices including magnetic random access memory.     

也谈“心理状态数”的估计

读了董、宋两位同志的“心理状态数矩法估计”(见本期)一文,觉得该文提出了一个在实用上有意义的问题,二位用知法推导出了有关的估计,形式也比较简洁便于计算,有其一定的优点,另一方面,也感到还有些可进一步探讨的问题,因此写了这篇小文,供对此问题有兴趣的同志参考.董、宋两位同志所提出的统计模型是:有独立随机样本Y1,…,Yn,它来自参数c和б的,以为概率密度的总体,要估计c。此处0≤c≤2, б>0,他们提出了矩估计法,本文先来考察极大似然估计法,并指出其优点。 1.极大似然估计法 样本Y1,…,Yn的似然函数是其中m是Y1,…Yn中不大于0的个数,…     

应用马尔科夫状态转移链的作战航空综合体效能评估

文章阐述了作战航空综合体的相关概念及组成,应用马尔科夫状态转移链建立了作战航空综合体完成典型作战任务时的数学模型,确定了作战效能的评估指标,最后通过具体算例检验了模型的正确性和可行性.     

Simulation of Patterns and Qualitative Analysis of Pattern Rotation in an End-Pumped Nd：YVO4 Laser

We simulate some laser output patterns observed in our previous experiment employing superposition of Laguerre- Gaussian modes. The rotating pattern is qualitatively analysed from the point of contemporary spatial burning hole effect of the lasing crystal.