医学超声研究的一些新进展

1991年12月在美国奥兰多(Orlando)召开的IEEE1991超声年会上有许多医学超声方面的研究报告,反映了当前医学超声研究的一些发展,本文选择几个方面的内容作一介绍。 一、超声背散射显微镜 目前常用的B型超声诊断仪使用的超声频率是3—10MHz,相应的分辨率是毫米级的。近年来许多研究单位研究开发20MHz以上直到100MHz的B型成像系统,其分辨率可达到20μm。由于人体组织     

Low-threshold, high-efficiency, high-repetition-rate optical parametric generator based on periodically poled LiNbO3

We report a high-repetition-rate optical parametric generator (OPG) with a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) crystal pumped by an acousto-optically Q-switched CW-diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO_4 laser. For the maximum 1064nm pump power of 970mW, the maximum conversion efficiency is 32.9% under the conditions of 250℃, 1064nm pulse repetition rate of 22.6kHz and pulse width of 12ns, and the PPLN OPG threshold in the collinear case is less than 23.7μJ. The output power increases with the increase of the crystal temperature. The 1485－1553nm signal wave and 3383－3754nm idler wave are obtained by changing the temperature and the angle of the PPLN crystal.     

Mid—Infrared Optical Parametric Oscillator Based on All—Solid—State—Pumped Periodically Poled LiNbO

We report the tunable mid-infrared generation with a periodically poled LinbO3(PPLN).Using an all-solid-state pumped Nd:YVO4 laser as the pump source and a PPLN nonlinear crystal with grating periods of 28.2-30.8μm,we have achieved wavelength conversion in the 2.90-4.05μm spectral range by period tuning.The use of confocal cavity design has brought a compact,all-solid-state configuration with an average output powers of idler up to -200mW.The maximum power of 277mW was obtained at the wavelength of 3.35um.     

A Complexity View of Acid Deposition

We show that acid deposition is analogous to complex systems composed of a series of interconnected components. Frequency-size distributions of weekly hydrogen deposition (WHD) of precipitation are consistent with double power-law in two different regimes separated by a crossover WHD. The distribution of variations in acid deposition over a week interval is remarkably symmetrical, with long tail extending over eight orders of magnitude. The acid deposition fluctuations exhibit fractal Brown motion with two different temporal scaling regimes and long-range correlation exists in the series. The power-laws in the acid deposition dynamics are considered to be indicators of self-organization of atmosphere under environmental pollution stress.     

面阵探测器的像点亚像素定位研究

面阵探测器可直接探测点目标图像的位置，但其定位精度受到探测器分辨率的限制。因此，亚像元精度技术得到了发展。它是利用目标像点的灰度分布特性，通过内插细分算法，确定出像点位置。可将定位精度提高1—2个数量级。本文介绍了几种实现目标像点亚像素定位的内插细分算法。对它们的计算公式、特点进行了分析，并进行了实验验证。     

"直四面体"中一组有趣的性质

波利亚说 :“类比是一个伟大的引路人 ,求解立体几何问题往往有赖于平面几何中的类比问题 .”把立体几何知识与相关的平面几何知识类比 ,是实现知识转移的有效方法 ,有利于化难为易 ,启迪思维 .下面利用直四面体中一组性质说明之 .图 1 -11　定义如果从三棱锥P -ABC的顶点P出发的三条棱两两互相垂直 ,那么称这个三棱锥为直四面体 .(如图 1 -1 )2　性质图 2 -1性质 1　在直四面体P-ABC中 ,记S△ABC 是底面△ABC的面积 ,S△ABP,S△BCP,S△CAP 分别为三个侧面三角形ABP ,BCP ,CAP的面积 ,(如图 2 - 1 )①设△ABO为△ABP在平…     

镁离子内扩散铌酸锂研究(Ⅱ)—— X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜表征

对不同扩散条件的铌酸锂单晶基片进行了X射线衍射分析(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜观察(SEM)。结果表明,在扩散表面富镁层出现一新相结构,可能是由Li-Mg-Nb-O组成的三元系相结构,这一新相被认为是镁离子内扩散的真正扩散源。并对晶格发生畸变、镁离子内扩散机理以及镁的扩散层折射率变化机理进行了分析和讨论。 关键词：