NO气体的空间交叉CARS

采用具有高空间分辨率的空间交叉BOX CARS相位匹配方法,完成了对NO气休室温下、Q支(v=0→v=1)振转CARS谱的测量,研究了它与NO气体压强及激光线宽的关系.从CARS基本理论出发,考虑到激光线宽及不同线型,计算出理论曲线,与实验谱线进行了比较,洛伦兹线型的理论模拟和实验结果符合较好.     

Na-Na碰撞引起的钠共振荧光线型变异

在钠原子气体中,观察到了由激光诱导的光抽运和Na－Na碰撞效应引起的钠原子共振荧光的线型变化。运用计及“速度改变碰撞”效应的速率方程计算和讨论了共振荧光的线型变窄现象。     

中国科学院高温气体动力学重点实验室研究进展

在钱学森先生的倡导下,中国科学院力学研究所自20世纪50年代末期就开始了高温气体动力学的基础研究,相关研究进展曾经为发展我国``两弹一星'和神州飞船做出了重要贡献.在钱学森先生创立的气动研究队伍和科研积累的基础上,中国科学院于1994年组建了中国科学院高温气体动力学重点实验室.实验室成立以来一直坚持钱学森先生倡导的技术科学理念,按照中国科学院基础性、前瞻性和战略性的办院方针,面向航空航天和国民经济的重大战略需求,研究高温、高超声速条件下,具有分子内态变化介质流动的高温气体动力学前沿学科问题.通过不断提出新方法、新概念、新技术,支撑国家重大战略需求的关键技术攻关,推进高温气体动力学的学科发展.近年来,在国家973项目,国家自然科学基金委重大、重点项目和创新研究群体,科学院国际合作伙伴团队,863项目和中国科学院方向性创新项目的支持下,实验室在高焓高超声速气体流动规律、高超声速推进方法、稀薄气体非平衡流动、高超声速飞行器构型理论与优化等主要研究方向取得了重要研究成果,在促进高超声速流动模拟实验、高超声速推进、气动热预测与防护、高超声速飞行器气动布局优化设计等重大关键技术的发展方面发挥了重要作用.      

两种不同气体中的高速爆燃波及其向爆轰的转变

对2C2H2 5O2及2C2H2 5O2 80%Ar两种可燃混合气体中的高速爆燃波及其向爆轰的转变过程进行实验研究.高速爆燃波由孔栅干涉爆轰波的方法直接生成,观测手段则以高速转鼓摄影获取孔栅近场流场x-t纹影图,以传感器追踪波面的后继发展.研究发现,两种气体中的爆燃波具有迥异的特性.前者燃烧波面在较低初压条件下为层流结构,而较高初压下为湍流结构,向爆轰转变点可以延伸至下游较长距离;后者在不同初压条件下燃烧波面无明显差异,爆轰的再次形成只能在孔栅下游近场内建立.两种气体中高速爆燃波的维持和爆轰转变过程均非纯粹激波压缩所致,湍流输运在其中起着必不可少的作用.分析显示,激波压缩效应对纯氧炔气体的高速爆燃和DDT贡献较小,湍流输运占主导地位;而氩气稀释气体较为稳定,缺乏自行衍生剧烈湍流燃烧的能力,因而激波压缩和外界扰动对其高速爆燃传播和爆轰转变起十分重要的作用.     

Determination of slug permeability factor for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying

Current models for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying in a horizontal pipeline system assume some type of steady state conditions for prediction, which limits their capability for increased predictive accuracy relative to experimental data. This is partly because of the nature of slug flow pneumatic conveying system, which, as a dynamic system, never becomes stable. By utilising conservation of mass （airflow）, a dynamic pressure analysis model is proposed on the basis of the derivative of the upstream pressure behaviour. The rate of air permeation through slug, one of the important factors in the conservation model, is expressed as a function of a slug permeability factor. Other factors such as slug velocity, slug length and the fraction of stationary layer were also considered. Several test materials were conveyed in single-slug tests to verify the proposed pressure drop model, showing good agreement between the model and experimental results.     

Characterization of the gas pulse frequency,amplitude and velocity in non-steady dense phase pneumatic conveying of powders

Current modelling techniques for the prediction of conveying line pressure drop in low velocity dense phase pneumatic conveying are largely based on steady state analyses. Work in this area has been on-going for many years with only marginal improvements in the accuracy of prediction being achieved. Experimental and theoretical investigations undertaken by the authors suggest that the flow mechanisms involved in dense phase conveying are dominated by transient effects rather than those of steady state and are possibly the principal reasons for the limited improvement in accuracy. This paper reports on investigations on the pressure fluctuation behaviour in dense phase pneumatic conveying of powders. The pressure behaviour of the gas flow in the top section of the pipeline was found to exhibit pulsatile oscillations. In particular, the pulse velocity showed variation in magnitude while the frequency of the oscillations rarely exceeded 5 Hz. A wavelet analysis using the Daubechie 4 wavelet found that the amplitude of the oscillations increased along the pipeline. Furthermore, there was significant variation in gas pulse amplitude for different types of particulate material.     

从爆炸力学的观点分析世贸大厦塔楼倒塌的过程

运用气体爆炸以及爆炸力学的基本理论对飞机撞击世贸大厦塔楼以及塔楼随后的倒塌过程进行了初步分析研究,并对世贸大厦北楼先撞而后倒,南楼后撞而先倒的原因也进行了分析。     

密封结构内炸药爆炸产生的准静态气体压力研究评述

简要介绍了密封抗爆结构内炸药爆炸产生的准静态气体压力的实验测试及理论研究结果,通过讨论指出了实际工程中应关注的几个问题。     

甲烷气体的一维冲击反应动力学数值模拟

在一维无粘流体反应动力学理论基础上,分别选用无化学反应,7组元17反应和13组元和40反应模型模拟了常温下压力为0．12MPa时甲烷气体受高速飞片撞击的冲击反应流动,给出了飞片速度为3－9km/s范围内共27个算例的数值结果。在相同的初始条件下,当飞片速度较低（如3km/s)时三种反应模型给出几乎相同的结果,计算与实验结果比较表明,在较高的飞片速度下,13组元40反应模型给出的数值结果与实验结果基本一致。