有心插柳柳成荫——例谈三角形内角和的一种变式推广和应用

七年级数学学习中,学生正式接触到以图形语言、符号语言形式呈现的图形问题,在教学中,一些看似简单的几何图形,如果对它深入研究,充分挖掘,会收到意想不到的收获,这类题一般都具有典型性、示范性和迁移性,因此具有较高的应用价值.     

分数跳-扩散运动下欧式复杂任选期权定价

本文假定股票价格过程服从分数跳一扩散运动,且期望收益率和波动率均为常数,在市场无套利的情形下,利用拟鞅定价的方法,得到了欧式复杂任选期权的解析定价公式．     

Euler solution using adaptive Cartesian grid with a gridless boundary treatment

A quadtree-based adaptive Cartesian grid generator and flow solver were developed. The grid adaptation based on pressure or density gradient was performed and a gridless method based on the least-square fashion was used to treat the wall surface boundary condition, which is generally difficult to be handled for the common Cartesian grid. First, to validate the technique of grid adaptation, the benchmarks over a forward-facing step and double Mach reflection were computed. Second, the flows over the NACA 0012 airfoil and a two-element airfoil were calculated to validate the developed gridless method. The computational results indi- cate the developed method is reasonable for complex flows.     

基于摄动原理的复杂土层地震反应分析的子结构法

把约束子结构模态综合法与直接模态摄动法相结合,建立复杂场地三维地震反应等效线性化分析计算方法.应用直接模态摄动原理,可简化各子结构模态分析过程,将特征值求解问题转化为线性代数方程组的求解,从而可有效提高计算效率.算例表明,该方法在提高大规模复杂场地地震反应分析计算效率方面优势明显.     

PTS单路样机激光触发开关的电压测量

介绍了PTS单路样机激光触发开关D-dot电压探头的设计和检验实验。实验结果表明：用电容分压原理制作的D-dot探头适合测量兆伏量级的高电压脉冲。但当探头处于电场分布较为复杂的环境时,设计探头时需要考虑探头与被测电极以及其它电极之间的结构电容,只有满足探头与被测电极间的结构电容远天于与其它高压电极形成的电容时,才能获得较真实的信号。     

Pseudo-beam method for compressive buckling characteristics analysis of space inflatable load-carrying structures

This paper extends Le van＇s work to the case of nonlinear problem and the complicated configuration. The wrinkling stress distribution and the pressure effects are also included in our analysis. Pseudo-beam method is presented based on the inflatable beam theory to model the inflatable structures as a set of inflatable beam elements with a prestressed state. In this method, the discretized nonlinear equations are given based upon the virtual work principle with a 3-node Timoshenko＇s beam model. Finite element simulation is performed by using a 3-node BEAM189 element incorporating ANSYS nonlinear program. The pressure effect is equivalent included in our method by modifying beam element cross-section parameters related to pressure. A benchmark example, the bending case of an inflatable cantilever beam, is performed to verify the accuracy of our proposed method. The comparisons reveal that the numerical results obtained with our method are close to open published analytical and membrane finite element results. The method is then used to evaluate the whole buckling and the loadcarrying characteristics of an inflatable support frame subjected to a compression force. The wrinkling stress and region characteristics are also shown in the end. This method gives better convergence characteristics, and requires much less computation time. It is very effective to deal with the whole load-carrying ability analytical problems for large scale inflatable structures with complex configuration.     

Two dimensional analytical solution for a partially vegetated compound channel flow

The theory of an eddy viscosity model is applied to the study of the flow in a compound channel which is partially vegetated. The governing equation is constituted by analyzing the longitudinal forces acting on the unit volume where the effect of the vegetation on the flow is considered as a drag force item, The compound channel is divided into 3 sub-regions in the transverse direction, and the coefficients in every region＇s differential equations were solved simultaneously. Thus, the analytical solution of the transverse distribution of the depth-averaged velocity for uniform flow in a partially vegetated compound channel was obtained. The results can be used to predict the transverse distribution of bed shear stress, which has an important effect on the transportation of sediment. By comparing the analytical results with the measured data, the analytical solution in this paper is shown to be sufficiently accurate to predict most hydraulic features for engineering design purposes.     

图论与复杂网络

近10年来迅猛发展起来的复杂网络理论为研究复杂性与复杂系统科学提供了一个重要支撑点,它高度概括了复杂系统的重要特征,无论是在理论还是在应用方面都具有很强的生命力,而且在各个方面都得到了很大发展.重点讨论图论在复杂网络中的应用,特别是代数图论在复杂网络同步问题中的应用.首先给出一些图的最小非零与最大特征值以及同步能力的估计,并且讨论了子图与图特征向量在同步能力估计中的作用.其次以两个简单图指出同步能力与网络结构参数的关系复杂,并给出补图与加边对同步研究的意义,然后给出图运算在复杂网络同步中的作用.最后从图论与控制理论角度展望了复杂网络领域未来可能的发展方向.      

复杂网络的同步: 理论、方法、应用与展望

复杂网络随处可见, 如互联网、电力网络、商业网络、生物神经网络、社会关系网等. 这些复杂网络与我们的生活息息相关, 对它们的深入研究不但会促进许多重要科学分支的发展而且可能引起人类社会生活方式的根本变革. 同步是自然界中广泛存在的一类非常重要的非线性现象, 复杂网络展示了丰富多彩的网络同步现象. 在过去10年里, 不同研究领域的学者从不同的角度广泛而深入地开展了复杂网络同步的研究. 本文简要的回顾国内外过去10年在复杂网络同步领域的主要研究进展, 包括理论、方法、应用与展望, 试图推进国内复杂网络同步的研究.      

Sleeping of a Complex Brain Networks with Hierarchical Organization

The dynamical behavior in the cortical brain network of macaque is studied by modeling each cortical area with a subnetwork of interacting excitable neurons. We characterize the system by studying how to perform the transition, which is now topology-dependent, from the active state to that with no activity. This could be a naive model for the wakening and sleeping of a brain-like system, i.e., a multi-component system with two different dynamical behavior.