有机化学中S_N2,S_N1,E2,E1反应的相互竞争关系

有机化学中的SN2,SN1,E2,E1反应在学习中有着重要的作用,同时也是学习中易混淆的知识点。通过总结它们的反应机理、反应影响因素和反应相互竞争关系图,并利用竞争关系图解答了一些典型考研真题,方便读者理解和掌握SN2,SN1,E2,E1反应的相互竞争关系。     

1,8-萘酰亚胺衍生物的合成、表征及电存储性能

本文以三苯胺结构作为电子给体,与三种接有不同吸电子基团的1,8-萘酐反应合成了具有电子给-受体结构的N-(4-三苯胺)-1,8-萘酰亚胺(NA-ATPA)、N-(4-三苯胺)-(4-氰基)-1,8-萘酰亚胺(NA(CN)-ATPA)和N-(4-三苯胺)-(4-硝基)-1,8-萘酰亚胺(NA(NO_2)-ATPA),并对它们的结构进行了表征。利用紫外可见光谱、荧光发射光谱和循环伏安法对产物的光物理性能和电化学性能进行了测试,并测试了其存储行为,结果显示NA-ATPA表现出易失的静态随机存储行为(SRAM),NACN-ATPA表现出非易失的闪存型存储(Flash),NA(NO_2)-ATPA表现出非易失只读型存储(WORM)。三种萘酰亚胺对存储行为中高导态的维持能力逐渐增强,其原因是引入的吸电子基团的吸电子性越强,其LUMO值和能隙值降低的越多,越利于电荷转移,形成更稳定的电荷转移络合物。另外,本文还对原料和产物的电子结构、分子轨道和能级进行了分子模拟计算,研究了三种化合物基态和激发态的差别,并对其电子转移过程进行了理论分析。     

Structure and Aromaticity of AlCO-substituted Semibullvalene

The structures, energies and aromaticity (the nuclear-independent chemical shifts, NICS) of AlCO-substituted semibullvalenes were investigated at the B3LYP/6-311+G** level. Similar to BCO-substituted analogues, [2,6]-AlCO-semibullvalene is neutral bishomoaromatic. The NICS values reveal that the aromaticity of AlCO-substituted structures is smaller than that of BCO analogues.     

SYNTHESIS AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF POLYBENZOXAZOLE FROM SOLUBLE PRECURSOR WITH HYDROXY-SUBSTITUTED POLYENAMINONITRILE

Aromatic polybenzoxazole (PBO) precursor, hydroxy-substituted polyenaminonitrile, was prepared by direct polycondensation of 1,4-bis(l-chloro-2,2-dicyanovinyl)benzene (CCB) and 4,6-diaminoresorcinol dihydrochloride (DAR) using pyridine and N,N-dimethylacetamide as condensing agent and solvent. The precursor has good solubility in polar aprotic solvent which is due to the strong dipolar nature of the main chain. The soluble precursor was subjected to thermal cyclization in an inert atmosphere to convert it into the corresponding PBO, which has its 5% weight loss temperature at 540℃ The fully cyclized PBO were characterized by FT-IR and TGA. The introduction of 10% mol 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic chloride (BTC) into the main chain not only has little effect on the solubility of PBO precursor but also raises its 5% weight loss temperature to 552℃ and char yield at 700℃ for the cyclized PBO with BTC.     

POLYMERIZATION OF A NEW SUBSTITUTED ACETYLENE BEARING A FURAN RING WITH PALLADIUM ACETYLIDE CATALYSTS

A substituted polyacetylene bearing a furan ring, poly(2-propynyl 2-furoate) (PPF), was synthesized for the first time with palladium acetylide complex catalysts in CHCl3 at 60℃ to give a soluble and stable polymer with a yield of ca.75%. Some features for polymerization of 2-propynyl 2-furoate are described and discussed. The resulting polymer was characterized by IR, GPC and ^1H-NMR analysis.     

N-(5,5-二甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂己内磷酰基)取代苯甲醛腙的合成及其阻燃性能

环状磷酸酯;水合肼;膨胀型阻燃剂;N-(5;5-二甲基-1;3;2-二氧杂己内磷酰基)取代苯甲醛腙的合成及其阻燃性能     

硅取代聚烷硅的合成与表征

硅取代聚烷硅的合成与表征;聚甲基硅烷;高分子反应     

2-羟基-4-(1′-甲庚氧基)苯烷酮肟的合成

具有邻位羟基的酮肟化合物(1)作为过渡金属螯合剂已在铜的萃取-电积工艺中得到广泛应用,如:LIX 64N(1a),LIX84(1b)及LIX 860(1c)。从萃取动力学行为来衡     

双核钴配合物(RC_2R′)CO_2(CO)_6_n[P(OEt)_3]_n的合成与结构

PR_3可取代(RC_2R′)Co_2(CO)_6中的CO生成相应的取代配合物(RC_2R′)CO_2(CO)_(6-n)(PR_3)n: (RC_2R′)Co_2(CO)_6 +nPR_3→ (RC_2R′)Co_2(CO)_(6-n)(PR_3)n已经利用此反应合成了一系列PR_3取代配合物,但P(OEt)_3的取代配合物则未见报     

水溶液中盐酸-醇相互作用的热力学参数Ⅱ: 盐酸-丙三醇-水体系(278.15～318.15K)

在278.15～318.15K(间隔10K)下, 测定了无液接电池Pt,H~2(g,p)│HCl(m~E)│AgCl-AgPt,H~2(g,p)│HCl(m~E),GL(m~N)│AgCl-Ag的电动势, 其中GL为丙三醇, m~E=0.005～0.1mol·kg^-^1,m~N=0.4～1.0mol·kg^-^1。实验数据用来计算HCl-GL-H~2O体系的盐效应常数k~s及HCl-GL在水中的相互作用的热力学参数f~E~N(g~E~N,s~E~N,h~E~N和C~p~,~E~N)。结果k~s＞0,g~E~N＞0, s~E~N＞0, C~p~,~E~N＜0。在353K时k~s有最小值0.0076kg·mol^-^1。f~H~C~l~-~G~L的数值比f~H~C~l~-~P~G(PG是1,2-丙二醇)小。应用结构相互作用模型和基团加合性原理分析讨论了这些参数的符号及其随温度变化的规律。