四则运算速算法简介

速算法，就是灵活运用数学运算的特性、原理和规律，把各种要计算的较繁杂的数，合理改变其计算程序和方法，使之简化，以便迅速计算出结果（得数）的方法。熟练地掌握各种速算法，就能提高计算速度的技巧，从而提高工作和学习效率，对加快社会主义现代化建设有重大意义和作用。     

纳米晶软磁合金中的结构对技术磁性的影响——Ⅱ.磁弹耦合作用

对磁弹耦合在决定纳米晶软磁合金宏观磁性中的作用进行了探讨,高场磁化规律以及正电子湮没测量表明:对Fe_73.5Cu₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉合金,准位错偶极子造成的应力场对畴壁的钉扎效应是造成纳米晶软磁合金矫顽力的重要原因;结构缺陷造成的应力场与磁致伸缩的耦合作用对纳米晶软磁性能有重要的影响.在结构各向异性和磁弹耦合能共同作用下可解释纳米晶合金表现出最佳软磁性能.     

磁控溅射技术制备ZnO透光薄膜

采用RF磁控溅射方法,在玻璃衬底上制备了择优取向的ZnO薄膜;通过台阶仪、X射线衍射技术、原子力显微镜和分光光度计分别测量了不同溅射功率条件下淀积的ZnO薄膜厚度(淀积速率)、结晶质量、表面形貌与粗糙度、透光光谱,报道了该薄膜结晶质量、薄膜粗糙度与其在可见光区透光率的关系.     

Exact Solution of an Extended Hubbard Model with Electron—Lattice Interaction for an Organic Ferromagnetic Polymer

Using an exact diagonalization method,we study an extended Hubbard model with an electron-lattice interaction for an organic ferromagnetic chain with radical coupling.The result shows that the ferromagnetic ground state originates from the antiferromagnetic correlation between adjoining sites,which is enhanced by the on-site e-e repulsion.The intersite e-e repulsion induces the inhomogeneous distribution of the charge density.The dimerization is decreased by the e-e interaction and the radical coupling.The electron-lattice interaction and the radical coupling can transfer the spin density and charge density between the main chain and the radicals.     

Hydrogenation Properties of Zr Films Under Various Conditions of Hydrogen Plasma

The hydrogenation properties of Zr samples with and without an Ni overlayer under various plasma conditions were investigated by means of non-Rutherford backscattering and elastic recoil detection analysis.The theoretical maximum hydrogen capacity,66.7 at%,could be achieved at a hydrogen absolute pressure of-2Pa and a substrate temperature of-393K for a plasma irradiation of only 10min;this was significantly greater than that for gas hydrogenation under the same hydrogen pressure and substrate temperature.It was also found that the C and O contamination on the sample surface strongly influences the hydrogenation,and that the maximum equilibrium hydrogen content drops dramatically with the increasing total contamination.In addition,the influence of the Ni overlayer on the plasma hydrogenation is discussed.     

"恒力"作用——一道高考题引起的思考

1引言 在2002年的高考物理题中,有一道蹦床的求"恒力"题.原题为:蹦床是运动员在一张绷紧的弹性网上蹦跳、翻滚并做各种空中动作的运动项目.一个质量为60kg的运动员,从离水平网面3.2m高处自由落下,着网后沿竖直方向蹦回到离水平网面5.0 m高处.已知运动员与网接触的时间为1.2 s.若把这段时间内网对运动员的作用力当作恒力处理,求此力的大小.     

Zn1-xCdxSe/ZnSe量子阱重空穴激子的跃迁能量和压力系数

考虑压力下势垒高度、激子结合能的改变等诸多因素的影响后数值研究了Ⅱ－Ⅵ族ZnCdSe/ZnSe量子阱重空穴激子的跃迁能量和压力系数，特别是压力系数随阱宽的变化规律。计算表明在SCPA近似下跃迁能量的计算与实验值吻合较好，而在压力系数的计算中必须计及材料的体积弹性模量随温度和压力的变化。证实了ZnCdSe/ZnSe量子阱重空穴激子的压力系数随阱宽增大而减小的结论。     

Lorentz-Compton佯谬与一个双赢判决性散射实验设计

通过对“可见光区域是否存在Compton效应”的讨论而进一步深化到经典条件下“光的量子理论能否包含光的经典电磁理论”的实验验证,发现了Lorentz-Compton佯谬,并基于逆Compton散射设计了一个敏感而又可行的双赢判决性散射实验来解决此佯谬。     

Transverse Effects in Slow Light Propagation

The effect of finite control beam on the transverse spatial profile of the slow light propagation in an electromagnetically induced transparency medium is studied. From the second-order wave equation and linear response of an EIT medium to the signal field, we find it is possible to produce an effective waveguide for the signal field. The existence and properties of a set of localized, stationary transverse modes are demonstrated. Especially, by carefully manipulating the profile of the control beam, we can realize single-mode propagation for the signal field, which may be important for potential applications.     

过氧聚钨酸薄膜上光栅的制备

用过氧聚钨酸（PPTA）水溶液，通过离心涂膜法在显微镜载玻片上制备了具有光滑表面且厚度为100nm的PPTA薄膜，利用PPTA薄膜在紫外光照下可研制光栅以及其它光学元件的薄膜材料，具有很高的利用价值。