Ind2rCln（OC6H3—3,5—me2）2—n／二氯二乙基铝催化乙烯齐聚的研究

合成了Ｉｎｄ２Ｚｒ（ＯＣ６Ｈ３－３,５－Ｍｅ）２（Ａ）、Ｉｎｄ２ＺｒＣｌ（ＯＣｙＨ３－３,５－Ｍｅ２）（Ｂ）和Ｉｎｄ２ＡｒＣｌ２（Ｃ）３个化合物,并在不同反应温度、陈化温度、反应时间等条件下,分别考察了每个化合物与Ｅｔ２ＡＩＣｌ所组成的催化体系对乙烯剂聚活笥和选择性的影响。在相同条件下,催化剂活性顺序为Ａ〉Ｂ〉Ｃ,在最佳反应条件下,Ｉｎｄ２Ｚｒ（ＯＣ６Ｈ３－３,５Ｍｅ２）２的催化活必来１９５１ｇ齐     

聚氧乙烯功能基复合修饰聚氨酯合成及其血液相容性研究（Ⅱ）—聚氨酯—接枝

采用以碘酸基为末端基的聚氧乙烯（PEO）接枝聚醚氨酯和氨基酸反应,将赖氨酸（Lys)和酪氨酸（Tyr)通过PEO为“间隔臂”固定在聚醚氨酯上,制备了氨基酸和PEO复合修饰的聚醚氨酯PEU－g-PEO-SO2Lys和PEU－g-PEO-SO2Tyr。通过血小板粘附试验对材料的体外抗凝血性进行 了初步评价。研究结果表明,采用具有选择性吸附纤溶酶原功能的赖氨酸和PEO复合修聚氨酯,不仅减少了材料表面血小板粘附量,而且减少了材料表面栓的形成量。     

酰腙钛配合物的合成及其催化乙烯聚合研究

受飞速发展的烯烃聚合工业推动,90年代中后期至今文献报道了大量配合物型烯烃聚合催化剂,其中配位钛、锆配合物展示了较好的应用潜力．如,三齿双胺型钛,β-酮亚胺型锆、8-羟基喹啉-茂型钛和乙酰基萘酚钛等一系列高效烯烃聚合催化剂,而且,Fujita的基于水杨醛亚胺     

CeO2担载Cu纳米粒子电催化CO2还原产乙烯：CeO2不同暴露晶面对催化性能的影响

Fossil fuels are expected to be the major source of energy for the next few decades. However, combustion of nonrenewable resources leads to the release of large quantities of CO₂, the primary greenhouse gas. Notably, the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere is increasing annually at an astounding rate. Electrochemical CO₂ reduction (ECR) to value-added fuels and chemicals using electricity from intermittent renewable energy sources is a carbon-neutral method to alleviate anthropogenic CO₂ emissions. Despite the steady progress in the selective generation of C₁ products (CO and formic acid), the production of multi-carbon species still suffers from low selectivity and efficiency. As an ECR product, ethylene (C₂H₄) has a higher energy density than do C₁ species and is an important industrial feedstock in high demand. However, the conversion of CO₂ to C₂H₄ is plagued by low productivity and large overpotential, in addition to the severe competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) during the ECR. To address these issues, the design and development of advanced electrocatalysts are critical. Here, we demonstrate fine-tuning of ECR to C₂H₄ by taking advantage of the prominent interaction of Cu with shape-controlled CeO₂ nanocrystals, that is, cubes, rods, and octahedra predominantly covered with (100), (110), and (111) surfaces, respectively. We found that the selectivity and activity of the ECR depended strongly on the exposed crystal facets of CeO₂. The overall ECR Faradaic efficiency (FE) over Cu/CeO₂(110) (FE ≈ 56.7%) surpassed that of both Cu/CeO₂(100) (FE ≈ 51.5%) and Cu/CeO₂(111) (FE ≈ 48.4%) in 0.1 mol·L^-1 KHCO₃ solutions with an H-type cell. This was in stark contrast to the exclusive occurrence of the HER over pure carbon paper, CeO₂(100), CeO₂(110), and CeO₂(111). In particular, the FE toward C₂H₄ formation and the partial current density increased in the sequence Cu/CeO₂(111) < Cu/CeO₂(100) < Cu/CeO₂(110) within applied bias potentials from -1.00 to -1.15 V (vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode), reaching 39.1% over Cu/CeO₂(110) at a mild overpotential (1.13 V). The corresponding values for Cu/CeO₂(100) and Cu/CeO₂(111) were FE_C2H4 ≈ 31.8% and FE_C2H4 ≈ 29.6%, respectively. The C₂H₄ selectivity was comparable to that of many reported Cu-based electrocatalysts at similar overpotentials. Furthermore, the FE for C₂H₄ remained stable even after 6 h of continuous electrolysis. The superior ECR activity of Cu/CeO₂(110) to yield C₂H₄ was attributed to the metastable (110) surface, which not only promoted the effective adsorption of CO₂ but also remarkably stabilized Cu⁺, thereby boosting the ECR to produce C₂H₄. This work offers an alternative strategy to enhance the ECR efficiency by crystal facet engineering.     

四氟乙烯-乙烯溶液沉淀聚合

本文编制了一个简易计算机程序,测定了氟氯烷溶液沉淀聚合体系中四氟乙烯-乙烯共聚竞聚率:40℃:γC_2H_4=0.156±0.001,γC_2F_4=0.022±0.01670℃:γC_2H_4=0.197±0.001,γC_2F_4=0.055±0.020在此聚合体系中,聚合温度和共聚物组成比对链的规整性都有明显影响。当乙烯在45～55mol%范围内时,共聚物的IR随组成比而变化,利用此规律可简便地测定共聚物的组成比。     

Ni基乙烷脱氢催化剂的性能及其改进

过渡金属Ni是地球上储量丰富的金属元素, 在加氢脱硫、重整制氢等催化领域应用非常广泛, 但是关于Ni基催化剂在烷烃脱氢方面的研究较少; 因此, 本工作采用不同的方法, 制备了三种结构的Ni基负载催化剂, 即尖晶石分解型、浸渍型和钙钛矿析出型, 并在700 ℃、C₂H₆-N₂气氛中和50 mL•min^-1气体流速下, 探索了它们的乙烷脱氢性能. 结果表明: 尖晶石分解型催化剂Ni_1-xCu_xCr₂O₄还原后在Cr₂O₃表面形成Ni-Cu合金颗粒, 能有效钝化Ni的C—C键断裂活性, 提高乙烯的选择性. Ni含量过高时, Ni不能有效地分散而形成大的金属团簇, 造成乙烷过度裂解, 乙烯选择性较低. 浸渍负载型催化剂Ni_xM_y/Al₂O₃ (M为Cu或Ag) 比表面积大, 表面活性位点分散, 但活性金属与载体结合力弱, 在高温下不稳定; Cu或Ag与Ni形成合金, 可有效提高乙烯选择性, Ag较Cu的效果更佳. 钙钛矿析出型催化剂LaCr_1-xNi_xO₃(LCNi-100x)在还原气氛中析出均匀细小的Ni颗粒, 其与基体结合力强, 抗积碳性能和稳定性较高; 含15% Ni的LCNi-15还原后(R-LCNi-15)表现出最好的催化性能, 乙烯产率最高(24%), 同时具有较好的抗积碳性能和稳定性以及氧化再生性.     

高分子固体电解质研究进展

高分子固体电解质具有质轻、粘弹性了、易成膜等许多无机电解质和有机溶剂电解质所不可比拟的优点，近年来得到了很大的发展，这种新型材料的应用主要集中开发全固态锂电池和锂离子电池。本文对ＳＰＥ的电性能，离子传导特性以及提高ＳＰＥ性能的途径等作了综述，并对其发展前景作了简要探讨。     

四氯化锆四元催化体系中乙烯齐聚反应的动力学研究

研究了四氧化锆作主催化剂的四元催化体系中，乙烯压力、催化剂浓度和温度对乙烯齐聚反应的影响．测定了稳定态下乙烯齐聚反应的宏观动力学方程和表观活化能．