液体的饱和蒸气压与内压

本文用统计热力学的方法, 建立了液体饱和蒸气压, 与内压间的关系式。对C6H6、CCl4、cy-C6H12、C(CH3)4、n-C6H14和(CH3)2CO等六种液体的检验结果表明, 上述关系式能适用于广阔的温度范围。     

丙酮—环烷烃体系的无限稀释活度系数的气提法测定研究

如果溶剂是高挥发性物质,当用气提法测定无限稀释活度系数时需要加预饱和釜以消除气提时因溶剂量损失过大而带来的问题.本文就丙酮-甲基环戊烷、丙酮-环己烧和丙酮-甲基环己烷3个体系在298.2～318.2K温度范围内的γ~∞作了测定,用所得数据作全浓度范围的汽液平衡推算,与文献中实验值对比,发现Wilson方程结果最佳.     

丙酮+环己烷+甲醇组成的最低共沸混合物热力学性质的研究

Molar heat capacities of the pure samples of acetone,methanol and the azeotropic mixture composed of acetone,cyclohexane and methanol were measured by an adiabatic calorimeter from 78 to 320 K.The solid-solid andsolid-liquid phase transitions of the pure samples and the mixture were determined based on the curve of the heatcapacity with respect to temperature.The phase transitions took place at(126.16±0.68)and(178.96±1.47)K forthe sample of acetone,(157.79±0.95)and(175.93±0.95)K for methanol,which were corresponding to thesolid-solid and the solid-liquid phase transitions of the acetone and the methanol,respectively.And the phase tran-sitions occurred in the temperature ranges of 120 to 190 K and 278 to 280 K corresponding to the solid-solid andthe solid-liquid phase transitions of mixture of acetone,cyclohexane and methanol,respectively.The thermody-namic functions and the excess thermodynamic functions of the mixture relative to standard temperature of 298.15K were derived based on the relationships of the thermodynamic functions and the function of the measured heatcapacity with respect to temperature.     

Studies on LCST of poly （N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid-co-N-diacetone acrylamide）

Linear copolymers from N-isopropylacrylamide(NIPA),acrylic acid(AA)and diacetone acrylamide(DAA)have been prepared. The effect of composition,ionic strength and pH on their lower critical solution temperature(LCST)has been investigated.     

微通道反应器中连续化合成苯亚甲基丙酮——介绍一个大学化学综合实验

微反应是近年来化学研究领域发展迅猛的一门新兴技术,本实验以苯甲醛和丙酮作为原料,在氢氧化钠作用下通过缩合反应连续化合成苯亚甲基丙酮。通过对摩尔配比、停留时间、反应温度等影响因素的考查,确定了较佳反应条件,并采用核磁和质谱对产品结构进行表征。与传统的批式方法相比,本实验方案具有收率高、操作简便、实验结果稳定等优点。本实验将先进技术和理念寓于实验教学中,不仅增强了学生的实验技能,而且有助于学生了解科学前沿、研究现状、发展方向和应用前景,激发学生的学习兴趣。     

聚苯乙烯-三乙醇胺树脂催化合成苄叉丙酮

以苯甲醛和丙酮为原料,在水-氢氧化钠体系中以聚苯乙烯-三乙醇胺树脂为相转移催化剂合成了苄叉丙酮,收率达92.5%,并讨论了其反应机理.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Mesityl Acetic Acid 3-Mesityl-2-oxo- 1-oxaspiro [4,4] non-3-en-4-yl Ester

The title compound mesityl acetic acid 3-mesityl-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4,4]non-3-en-4-yl ester (5, C28H32O4, Mr = 432.56), as a spiromesifen derivative, has been synthesized by the conden- sation reaction of 2,4,6-trimethylphenylacetic chloride with 4-hydroxyl-3-mesityl-1-oxa-spiro[4,4]- non-3-en-2-one (4), and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 7.9261(7), b = 8.2802(8), c = 18.7604(18) , α = 91.576(3), β = 93.277(2), γ = 95.306(12)o, V = 1223.3(2) 3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.174 g/cm3, F(000) = 464, μ = 0.077 mm-1, S = 1.001, the final R = 0.0624 and wR = 0.1415 for 2809 observed reflections with I 2σ(I) and 290 variable parameters. The crystal analysis results show that the five-membered cyclopentyl ring displays an envelope conformation with C(25) atom at the flap position, 0.537(3)  out of the mean plane formed by the other four atoms. The dihedral angles between the two benzene and furan rings are 70.0(2) and 80.67(3)o, respectively.     

二苄叉丙酮合成实验的改进

对二苄叉丙酮的制备实验进行了改进。用氧化铝固载氟化钾代替氢氧化钠作催化剂,研究了醛酮物质的量之比、催化剂用量和溶剂对产率的影响,合成了二苄叉丙酮。该法反应时间短,产率高,操作简便,催化剂可回收再生重复使用。用同样方法合成了其他理,α’-双亚苄基丙酮。     

SnCl4催化丙酮与过氧化氢反应制取大环过氧化物

SnCl₄^.5H₂O and SnCl₂^.2H₂O are the efficient catalysts for the oxidation of acetone with 30% hydrogen peroxide at room temperature to tetrametric acetone peroxide which is identified by molecular determination，elemental analysis，FT-IR，NMR，and MS．The catalytic activity of SnCl₄^.5H₂O and SnCl₂^.2H₂O is much higher than that of HCl．In the case of SnCl₄^.5H₂O，the maximum yield of tetrametric acetone peroxide reaches 95.0%．The results show that the active species of catalytic reaction may be Sn⁴⁺.